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BIOL 117 Spring 2022 Course: Body Systems & Functions, Lecture notes of Anatomy

Case Western Reserve University (CWRU)Anatomy

The course schedule for BIOL 117 during Spring 2022, covering topics such as the Autonomic Nervous System, Endocrine System, Blood, The Heart, Blood Pressure and Blood Vessels, Respiratory System, Digestive System, Lymphatic System and Immunity, Urinary System and Osmoregulation, Fluid, Electrolyte and Acid-Base Balance, and Reproductive Systems. Students will learn to distinguish between the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system, compare and contrast the endocrine and nervous system, describe the function and composition of blood, and much more.

Typology: Lecture notes

2020/2021

Uploaded on 08/30/2022

ADDH123
ADDH123 🇺🇸

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Course Schedule BIOL 117 Spring 2022
Course schedule subject to change
Date
Module Objectives
1.10 &
1.12
Module 1: Autonomic Nervous System
Classes: 1-2
After completion of this module students will be able to:
1. Distinguish between the sympathetic and parasympathetic
nervous system.
2. Compare and contrast the difference in the preganglionic
and postganglionic neurons.
3. Compare and contrast associated ganglia of the sympathetic
and parasympathetic nervous system.
4. Differentiate between nicotinic, muscarinic, and adrenergic
receptors and the neurotransmitters they respond to.
5. Discuss the anatomical differences between the SNS and
PNS.
6. Explain what is meant by autonomic tone.
7. Explain the antagonistic and cooperative effects of dual
innervation.
1/17
Martin Luther King Holiday
1.19 &
1.24 &
1.26
Module 2: Endocrine System
Classes 3-5
After completion of this module students will be able to:
1. Compare and contrast how the endocrine and nervous
system communicates with the body.
2. List the principal endocrine glands and their location.
3. Differentiate among the three reflex mechanisms to release
hormones.
4. Explain how water-soluble and lipid soluble hormones are
transported within the blood.
5. Compare and contrast the nuclear receptor and membrane
receptor model.
6. Explain how the hypothalamus communicates with the
posterior and anterior pituitary.
7. Discuss how various hormones affect blood nutrient levels.
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Download BIOL 117 Spring 2022 Course: Body Systems & Functions and more Lecture notes Anatomy in PDF only on Docsity!

Course Schedule BIOL 117 Spring 2022

Course schedule subject to change Date Module Objectives 1.10 &

Module 1: Autonomic Nervous System Classes: 1- After completion of this module students will be able to:

  1. Distinguish between the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system.
  2. Compare and contrast the difference in the preganglionic and postganglionic neurons.
  3. Compare and contrast associated ganglia of the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system.
  4. Differentiate between nicotinic, muscarinic, and adrenergic receptors and the neurotransmitters they respond to.
  5. Discuss the anatomical differences between the SNS and PNS.
  6. Explain what is meant by autonomic tone.
  7. Explain the antagonistic and cooperative effects of dual innervation. 1/17 (^) Martin Luther King Holiday 1.19 & 1.24 &

Module 2: Endocrine System Classes 3- After completion of this module students will be able to:

  1. Compare and contrast how the endocrine and nervous system communicates with the body.
  2. List the principal endocrine glands and their location.
  3. Differentiate among the three reflex mechanisms to release hormones.
  4. Explain how water-soluble and lipid soluble hormones are transported within the blood.
  5. Compare and contrast the nuclear receptor and membrane receptor model.
  6. Explain how the hypothalamus communicates with the posterior and anterior pituitary.
  7. Discuss how various hormones affect blood nutrient levels.
  1. Summarize the release, regulation and response of effectors to various hormones.
  2. Given hormone levels and/or symptoms predict where in the pathway a pathology is occurring. 1.31 &

Module 3: Blood Classes 6- After completion of this module students will be able to:

  1. Describe the function and composition of blood.
  2. Describe the events of erythropoiesis and thrombopoiesis.
  3. Explain the structure of erythrocytes.
  4. Explain the regulation of erythropoiesis.
  5. Discuss the events involved in the destruction & recycling of erythrocytes.
  6. Compare and contrast ABO and Rh blood type groups and their importance in transfusing blood.
  7. Describe hemostasis including vascular spasm, platelet plug formation and the clotting cascade. 2.4 Quiz 1: Covers Module 1-2 material (Classes 1-5) 2.7 & 2.9 &

Module 4: The Heart Classes: 8- After completion of this module students will be able to:

  1. List the components and functions of the cardiovascular system.
  2. Describe internal and external anatomy of the heart.
  3. Explain why the heart requires its own vascularization.
  4. Describe how blood flows through the heart, the pulmonary and systemic circuits.
  5. Explain the electrical events that occur in a cardiac action potential in the sarcolemma.
  6. Describe how electrical impulses travel through the heart's conduction system.
  7. Explain what is occurring in the heart while reading an electrocardiogram.
  8. Draw a model showing the physiological changes that occur in the heart during a cardiac cycle.

3.7-3.11 Spring Break!!! 3.14 &

Module 7: Digestive System Classes 16- After completion of this module students will be able to:

  1. List the organization and discuss the functions of the digestive system.
  2. Describe the anatomy of the digestive tract and accessory structures.
  3. Describe the anatomy, histology and physiology of the stomach
  4. Discuss the hormonal and neural regulation of the stomach
  5. Describe the anatomy, histology and physiology of the small intestine.
  6. Describe the anatomy and physiology of the large intestine.
  7. Draw physiological models showing how amino acids, carbohydrates and lipids are absorbed in the small intestine.
  8. Describe the anatomy and functions of the liver
  9. Describe the anatomy of the pancreas and discuss its endocrine and exocrine functions. 3.18 Quiz 3: Module 5-6 Material (Classes 11-15) 3.21 & 3.23 &

Module 8: Lymphatic System and Immunity Classes: 18- After completion of this module students will be able to:

  1. Discuss the components of the lymphatic system including, glands, tissues, lymph vessels, lymph and cells.
  2. Differentiate between innate and adaptive immunity.
  3. Explain the mechanisms of innate immunity including external defenses, fever and the inflammatory response.
  4. Define antigen and the process of antigen presentation.
  5. Compare and contrast antibody and cell-mediated immunity and how each branch is activated.
  6. Describe the form and function of antibodies.

3.30 & 4.4 &

Module 9: Urinary System and Osmoregulation Classes: 21- After completion of this module students will be able to:

  1. List the functions of the kidney
  2. Explain the gross anatomy and microanatomy of the kidney.
  3. Describe the anatomy and function of nephrons in the kidneys.
  4. Compare and contrast renal filtration, reabsorption and secretion.
  5. Explain how glomerular filtration occurs in the renal corpuscle.
  6. Draw and explain reabsorption in the PCT, the nephron loop and the DCT.
  7. Explain how the countercurrent multiplier system and urea recycling establish the osmolarity gradient.
  8. Explain how the countercurrent exchange system of the vasa recta maintains the osmolarity gradient. 4/8 Quiz 4: Module 7-8 Material (Classes 16-20) 4.11 &

Module 10: Fluid, Electrolyte and Acid-Base Balance Classes: 24- After completion of this module student will be able to:

  1. Discuss how fluid and electrolyte balance are related.
  2. Explain how ADH, RAAS and ANP regulates fluid and electrolytes.
  3. Define acid-base balance and distinguish between fixed and volatile acids.
  4. List the components of a buffer system and how buffers resist changes to pH in the body.
  5. Differentiate between metabolic and respiratory acidosis.
  6. Differentiate between metabolic and respiratory alkalosis.