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True or False: A virus is classified as a microbe ✔✔True. Viruses are not living and are not considered microorganisms, but can be classified as microbes. True or False: The smallest biological unit of life is a molecule. ✔✔False The smallest unit of life is a cell. What are the four main types of macromolecules found in a cell? ✔✔Proteins, Lipids, Nucleic Acids and Carbohydrates How many different types of amino acids are available to make proteins? ✔✔ 20 How many amino acids are classified as being essential amino acids? ✔✔ 9 Where can the two major types of nucleic acids be found in the cell and what are their roles? ✔✔DNA and RNA
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They are both found in the nucleus. DNA contains and stores hereditary information and is responsible for the characteristics of living organisms. RNA is a messenger and responsible for translating the hereditary information in DNA and synthesizes proteins. Complete the following RNA strand and indicate how many bonds are formed for each complementary pair. ✔✔5'CCAGUAGC3' AGU is the missing part. There are two bonds between A and U and 3 bonds between G and C. The plasma membrane (select all that are true): ✔✔Is often a bilayer comprised of lipids Contrains hydrophobic tails pointing inward Carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms come together to form what primary macromolecules? Give an example. ✔✔Carbohydrates. They come together to form glucose or lactose. True or False: The genetic material within a prokaryotic cell is contained within a membrane- enclosed region. ✔✔False Only eukaryotic cells contain its genetic material within a nucleus. Describe the 4 basic bacterial morphologies. ✔✔Coccus (round), Bacillus (rod), Vibrio (curved rod), Spirillum (spiral)
Identify the following cellular components by matching the number with the description. ✔✔1. F (Nucleus)
- B (Lysosome)
- E (Plasma Membrane)
- G (Golgi apparatus)
- D (Rough ER) ✔✔ ✔✔ Cell wall are found in which of the following (select all that apply): ✔✔Plants, Fungi, Bacteria and Algae Not Mammalian cells. The function of the mitochondria is (select all that apply): ✔✔To produce energy (ATP) True or False: All multicellular microorganisms classified as Animalia are autotrophic. ✔✔False They are heterotrophic.
What various functions do proteins have in a cell? ✔✔Proteins can move materials in or out of a cell. Some act as a catalysts to speed up processes. They provide structure and enable movement. What is the plasma membrane and what is it made of? ✔✔The plasma membrane is surrounding barrier that restricts movement of material in or out of the cell. The plasma membrane is composed of lipids.
