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Biochemistry ACS Final Exam | 100% Correct Answers, Exams of Biochemistry

Texas Woman's University (TWU)Biochemistry

A comprehensive overview of the key concepts and questions that are likely to be covered in the biochemistry acs final exam. It covers a wide range of topics, including the structure and properties of carbohydrates, lipids, and nucleic acids, as well as the function and regulation of enzymes, the processes of cellular respiration and metabolism, and the importance of various biomolecules in the human body. Structured in a clear and concise manner, with each question accompanied by a detailed explanation of the correct answer. This makes it an invaluable resource for students preparing for the acs final exam in biochemistry, as it allows them to test their knowledge and identify areas that require further study. Additionally, the document provides insights into the types of questions that may be asked on the exam, helping students to develop a comprehensive understanding of the subject matter and improve their chances of success.

Typology: Exams

2023/2024

Available from 08/25/2024

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Biochemistry ACS Final Exam | 100% Correct
Answers | Verified | Latest 2024 Version
What is the D configuration of a sugar in a Fisher projection? - ✔✔chyrol carbon furthest from the
carboxyl group
hydroxyl on right
What is the L configuration of a sugar in a Fisher projection? - ✔✔hydroxyl on left
What is the difference between glycogen and amylopectin? - ✔✔glycogen- has branches about every 10
residues (more highly branched)
amylopectin- has branches about every 25
What is amylose made up of? - ✔✔glucose
What makes up starch? - ✔✔amylose
amlyopectin
What is a glycosidic bond? - ✔✔links two monosaccharides together at points 1 and 4
What is the difference between an alpha(1-4) and beta(1-4) linkage? - ✔✔alpha: when the oxygen is
pointed down in a glycosidic bond
beta: when the oxygen is pointed up in a glycosidic bond
What is the definition of a carbohydrate? - ✔✔all have hydroxyl and carbonyl functional groups
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Biochemistry ACS Final Exam | 100% Correct

Answers | Verified | Latest 2024 Version

What is the D configuration of a sugar in a Fisher projection? - ✔✔chyrol carbon furthest from the carboxyl group hydroxyl on right What is the L configuration of a sugar in a Fisher projection? - ✔✔hydroxyl on left What is the difference between glycogen and amylopectin? - ✔✔glycogen- has branches about every 10 residues (more highly branched) amylopectin- has branches about every 25 What is amylose made up of? - ✔✔glucose What makes up starch? - ✔✔amylose amlyopectin What is a glycosidic bond? - ✔✔links two monosaccharides together at points 1 and 4 What is the difference between an alpha(1-4) and beta(1-4) linkage? - ✔✔alpha: when the oxygen is pointed down in a glycosidic bond beta: when the oxygen is pointed up in a glycosidic bond What is the definition of a carbohydrate? - ✔✔all have hydroxyl and carbonyl functional groups

Difference between aldose and ketose - ✔✔aldose has an aldohyde ketose has a ketone What makes up sucrose? - ✔✔fructose and glucose monosaccharides What makes up lactose? - ✔✔glucose and galactose monosaccharides What makes up mannose? - ✔✔two glucose monosaccharides What are lipids? - ✔✔soluble in other nonpolar solvents (not water) What are triglycerides composed of? - ✔✔glycerol and three fatty acids What is saponification? - ✔✔base hydrolysis of a triglyceride or other fat strong base is added breaks ester linkages to release hydroxyls and form glycerol What has a higher level of unsaturation -- oils or fats? - ✔✔oils liquid at room temperature What is the structure of the plasma membrane? - ✔✔hydrophylic head hydrophobic fatty acid tails proteins span the phospholipid bilayer

phosphate group pento-sugar (ribose or deoxyribose) What are the 3 main differences between DNA and RNA? - ✔✔RNA single strand DNA is double stranded RNA has uracil DNA has thiamine RNA has ribose DNA has deoxyribose What part of the structure makes DNA such a stable molecule? - ✔✔very polar sugar phosphate backbound the bases are stacked in the interior that are nonpolar hydrogen bonds holding the two strands togethr What does a ligase enzyme do? - ✔✔catalyze a reaction in which a bond is broken What does an isomerase enzyme do? - ✔✔catalyze intramolecular rearrangements What does a lyase enzyme do? - ✔✔catalyze removal of groups to form double bonds What does a hydrolase enzyme do? - ✔✔cleave bonds by adding water What does a transferase enzyme do? - ✔✔transfer a group from one molecule to another

What does an oxidoreductase enzyme do? - ✔✔catalyze redox reactions Where are proteins synthesized within the cell? - ✔✔ribosome Describe the 4 levels of protein structure? - ✔✔primary: sequence of amino acids secondary: hydrogen bonding between alpha-helices and beta-pleated sheets tertiary: 3D folding quaternary: 2 polypeptides coming together What bond holds amino acids together? - ✔✔peptide bonds (type of amine bond) What is an allosteric enzyme? - ✔✔there are two bonding sites (active site and another) What do enzymes do? - ✔✔catalyze a reaction What enzyme forms a bond between four molecules? - ✔✔ligase How do enzymes work? - ✔✔lower the activation energy to catalyze the reaction What is enzyme cooperativity? - ✔✔when one subunit binds oxygen, it changes shape and makes it more likely for the other subunit What is the difference between competitive and noncompetitive inhibitors? - ✔✔competitive inhibitor: substrate and inhibitor compete to bind with the active site

What are the products of glycolysis? - ✔✔pyruvate ATP NADH H H What is the purpose of the citric acid cycle? - ✔✔(also called Krebb's cycle) What is the purpose of the electron transport chain? - ✔✔getting rid of ammonia in cells What process leads to the breakdown of fatty acids within the body? - ✔✔beta-oxidation What is the main buffer in the blood? - ✔✔bicarbonate carbonic acid Ketosis generally occurs under what conditions? - ✔✔starvation Describe ketosis and ketone bodies - ✔✔abnormally high levels of blood ketone bodies Stored triaglycerols have an energy density of: - ✔✔9 kcal/g