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biochem portage learning module 7, Exams of Nursing

biochem portage learning module 7

Typology: Exams

2023/2024

Uploaded on 12/11/2024

hana-alobaidan
hana-alobaidan 🇺🇸

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The G value for a reaction is
+52kJ/mol. Is the reaction
spontaneous?
True
False
A biochemical metabolic pathway
is a series of enzyme-catalyzed
reactions that convert starting
material into products.
True
False
Question 3
Are 2 ATP molecules used in the
energy-investing stage of
glycolysis?
True
False
Question 4
Does the citric acid cycle occur in
the presence of oxygen?
True
False
Question 5
Does the β-oxidation pathway
degrade both even-numbered and
odd-numbered fatty acids?
True
False
Question 6
Net ATP and NADH produced (or
required) in glucose to pyruvate
steps in glycolysis:
1 NADH required
1 ATP, 2 NADH
required
2 ATP and 2 NADH
produced
2 ATP produced
None of the above
Question 7
ATP/NADH produced (or required)
in fructose-6-phosphate to fructose-
1,6-bisphosphate step in glycolysis:
1 ATP required
1 ATP produced
2 ATP produced
2 ATP required
None of the above
Question 8
What is the primary product of
glycolysis?
Glucose
Glucose-6-phosphate
Phosphoenolpyruvate
GAP and DHAP
Pyruvate
Question 9
Enzyme converting glucose to
glucose-6-phosphate:
Glucose
Glucase
Hexokinase
Aldolase
None of the above
Question 10
ATP formation by direct phosphate
transfer in glycolysis is called:
Lipid phosphorylation
Isomerization
Protein phosphorylation
Substrate-level
phosphorylation
Photo-protein
dephosphorylation
Question 11
Under anaerobic conditions,
pyruvate is converted to:
NADH
Lactate
Hexokinase
GAP
None of the above
Question 12
How many steps are in glycolysis?
6
8
9
10
12
Question 13
Where do glycolysis reactions
occur?
Mitochondria
Cytosol
Lysozyme
Ribosome
Nucleus
Question 14
How is ATP used in the initial
steps of glycolysis?
Lipid phosphorylation
reagent
Isomerization reaction
Source for
phosphorylation
Protein production
None of the above
Question 15
Which pathway is cyclic?
A. CAC (Citric Acid
Cycle)
B. PDH
C. Glycolysis
D. Oxidative
phosphorylation
E. β-oxidation
Question 16
How many ATP does NADH yield
after oxidative phosphorylation?
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
Question 17
Besides NADH and FADH₂, what
energy molecule is produced in the
citric acid cycle?
CO₂
GTP
CTP
UTP
None of the above
Question 18
What molecule is missing in the
reaction (Succinate, etc.)?
A. Fumarate
B. Malate
C. Succinate
D. CO₂
E. Succinyl-CoA
Question 19
Where are enzymes and coenzymes
of the citric acid cycle found?
Mitochondria
Vacuoles
Nucleus
Lysosomes
None of the above
Question 20
Cellular respiration takes in ____
and produces ____:
A. Glucose; NADH
B. O₂; CO₂
C. CO₂; ATP
D. NAD+; NADH
E. FAD; FADH₂
Question 21
How many phases are in glucose
degradation via cellular respiratio
1
2
3
Alternate
Reversible
Question 22
The PDH complex enzymes are:
P, D, H
E1, E2, and E3
Enzyme A, B, C
Enzyme a, b, c
None of the above
Question 23
What coenzymes are needed for β-
oxidation?
a. NAD+
b. FAD
c. GTP
d. Both A and B
e. None of the above
Question 24
Which letter corresponds to the β-
carbon of a fatty acid?
A
B
C
D
E
Question 25
What is the process for degrading
fatty acids called?
A. α-degradation
B. γ-degradation
C. β-oxidation
D. ω-spiral
E. δ-spiral
Question 26
What happens to DHAP in
glycolysis?
DHAP is converted to GAP by
triose phosphate isomerase,
allowing it to continue through
glycolysis.
Question 27
Fill in the blanks for glycolysis
details:
Glucose contains: six
carbons.
Oxidation uses: two
ATP.
Two three-carbon
products produce: four
ATP.
Glycolysis net yield:
two ATP, two NADH.
Question 28
How many β-oxidation cycles for a
10-carbon fatty acid?
A. 4 cycles are required for oleic
acid. Each cycle removes
two carbon units. ON the final
cycle, two acetyl groups are
produced.
B. There are 5 acetyl-CoA groups
produced. Two acetyl-CoA
groups on the last cycle.
C. There are 4 NADH and 4 FADH
molecules produced. One
per cycle.
20 carbon
A. 9 cycles are required for oleic
acid. Each cycle removes two
carbon units. ON the final cycle,
two acetyl groups are produced.
B. There are 10 acetyl-CoA groups
produced. Two acetyl-CoA groups
on the last cycle
C.There are 9 NADH and 9
FADH2 molecules produced. One
per cycle.
26. In one step of the glycolysis
pathway, a six-carbon
compound is broken into two
three-carbon fragments, only one
of which
can be further degraded in the
glycolysis pathway. What
happens to the
other three-carbon fragment?
=When glucose is converted to
DHAP and GAP, GAP continues in
the
Glycolyc pathway to be further
degraded. The other compound,
DHAP
then gets converted to GAP by an
isomerase before going through
glycolysis
Question 26:(Short answer) At the
end of the Preparatory Phase of
glycolysis, there are two products.
A) What are the two products? B)
What happens to each product?
In step 5 of glycolysis, glucose
(six-carbon) is converted to GAP
and DHAP (both 3-carbons). GAP
goes on in the glycolysis pathway.
The other, DHAP, cannot go on
through glycolysis directly; it is
converted to GAP by triose
phosphate isomerase.
Question 29
Describe the 3 phases of oxidative
cat
Fatty acid metabolism involves
three phases: β-oxidation, the
citric acid cycle, and oxidative
phosphorylation. In β-oxidation,
fatty acids are broken down into
acetyl-CoA, NADH, and FADH₂
in the mitochondria. The citric acid
cycle then uses acetyl-CoA to
produce GTP (ATP equivalent),
NADH, FADH₂, and releases CO₂.
Finally, NADH and FADH₂ are
oxidized in the electron transport
chain during oxidative
phosphorylation, generating large
amounts of ATP.

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The G value for a reaction is +52kJ/mol. Is the reaction spontaneous?

 True

 False

A biochemical metabolic pathway is a series of enzyme-catalyzed reactions that convert starting material into products.

 True

 False

Question 3 Are 2 ATP molecules used in the energy-investing stage of glycolysis?

 True

 False

Question 4 Does the citric acid cycle occur in the presence of oxygen?

 True

 False

Question 5 Does the β-oxidation pathway degrade both even-numbered and odd-numbered fatty acids?

 True

 False

Question 6 Net ATP and NADH produced (or required) in glucose to pyruvate steps in glycolysis:

 1 NADH required

 1 ATP, 2 NADH

required

 2 ATP and 2 NADH

produced

 2 ATP produced

 None of the above

Question 7 ATP/NADH produced (or required) in fructose-6-phosphate to fructose- 1,6-bisphosphate step in glycolysis:

 1 ATP required

 1 ATP produced

 2 ATP produced

 2 ATP required

 None of the above

Question 8 What is the primary product of glycolysis?

 Glucose

 Glucose-6-phosphate

 Phosphoenolpyruvate

 GAP and DHAP

 Pyruvate

Question 9 Enzyme converting glucose to glucose-6-phosphate:

 Glucose

 Glucase

 Hexokinase

 Aldolase

 None of the above

Question 10 ATP formation by direct phosphate transfer in glycolysis is called:

 Lipid phosphorylation

 Isomerization

 Protein phosphorylation

 Substrate-level

phosphorylation

 Photo-protein

dephosphorylation Question 11 Under anaerobic conditions, pyruvate is converted to:

 NADH

 Lactate

 Hexokinase

 GAP

 None of the above

Question 12 How many steps are in glycolysis?

Question 13 Where do glycolysis reactions occur?

 Mitochondria

 Cytosol

 Lysozyme

 Ribosome

 Nucleus

Question 14 How is ATP used in the initial steps of glycolysis?

 Lipid phosphorylation

reagent

 Isomerization reaction

 Source for

phosphorylation

 Protein production

 None of the above

Question 15 Which pathway is cyclic?

 A. CAC (Citric Acid

Cycle)

 B. PDH

 C. Glycolysis

 D. Oxidative

phosphorylation

 E. β-oxidation

Question 16 How many ATP does NADH yield after oxidative phosphorylation?

Question 17 Besides NADH and FADH₂, what energy molecule is produced in the citric acid cycle?

 CO₂

 GTP

 CTP

 UTP

 None of the above

Question 18 What molecule is missing in the reaction (Succinate, etc.)?

 A. Fumarate

 B. Malate

 C. Succinate

 D. CO₂

 E. Succinyl-CoA

Question 19 Where are enzymes and coenzymes of the citric acid cycle found?

 Mitochondria

 Vacuoles

 Nucleus

 Lysosomes

 None of the above

Question 20 Cellular respiration takes in ____ and produces ____:

 A. Glucose; NADH

 B. O₂; CO₂

 C. CO₂; ATP

 D. NAD+; NADH

 E. FAD; FADH₂

Question 21 How many phases are in glucose degradation via cellular respiratio

 Alternate

 Reversible

Question 22 The PDH complex enzymes are:

 P, D, H

 E1, E2, and E

 Enzyme A, B, C

 Enzyme a, b, c

 None of the above

Question 23 What coenzymes are needed for β- oxidation?

 a. NAD+

 b. FAD

 c. GTP

 d. Both A and B

 e. None of the above

Question 24 Which letter corresponds to the β- carbon of a fatty acid?

 A

 B

 C

 D

 E

Question 25 What is the process for degrading fatty acids called?

 A. α-degradation

 B. γ-degradation

 C. β-oxidation

 D. ω-spiral

 E. δ-spiral

Question 26 What happens to DHAP in glycolysis? DHAP is converted to GAP by triose phosphate isomerase, allowing it to continue through glycolysis. Question 27 Fill in the blanks for glycolysis details:

 Glucose contains: six

carbons.

 Oxidation uses: two

ATP.

 Two three-carbon

products produce: four ATP.

 Glycolysis net yield:

two ATP, two NADH. Question 28 How many β-oxidation cycles for a 10-carbon fatty acid? A. 4 cycles are required for oleic acid. Each cycle removes two carbon units. ON the final cycle, two acetyl groups are produced. B. There are 5 acetyl-CoA groups produced. Two acetyl-CoA groups on the last cycle. C. There are 4 NADH and 4 FADH molecules produced. One per cycle. 20 carbon A. 9 cycles are required for oleic acid. Each cycle removes two carbon units. ON the final cycle, two acetyl groups are produced. B. There are 10 acetyl-CoA groups produced. Two acetyl-CoA groups on the last cycle C.There are 9 NADH and 9 FADH2 molecules produced. One per cycle.

  1. In one step of the glycolysis pathway, a six-carbon compound is broken into two three-carbon fragments, only one of which can be further degraded in the glycolysis pathway. What happens to the other three-carbon fragment? =When glucose is converted to DHAP and GAP, GAP continues in the Glycolyc pathway to be further degraded. The other compound, DHAP then gets converted to GAP by an isomerase before going through glycolysis Question 26:(Short answer) At the end of the Preparatory Phase of glycolysis, there are two products. A) What are the two products? B) What happens to each product? In step 5 of glycolysis, glucose (six-carbon) is converted to GAP and DHAP (both 3-carbons). GAP goes on in the glycolysis pathway. The other, DHAP, cannot go on through glycolysis directly; it is converted to GAP by triose phosphate isomerase. Question 29 Describe the 3 phases of oxidative cat Fatty acid metabolism involves three phases: β-oxidation , the citric acid cycle , and oxidative phosphorylation. In β-oxidation, fatty acids are broken down into acetyl-CoA , NADH , and FADH₂ in the mitochondria. The citric acid cycle then uses acetyl-CoA to produce GTP (ATP equivalent) , NADH , FADH₂ , and releases CO₂. Finally, NADH and FADH₂ are oxidized in the electron transport chain during oxidative phosphorylation, generating large amounts of ATP.