Partial preview of the text
Download Bio-Midterm | BIO 1220 - General Biology II and more Quizzes Biology in PDF only on Docsity!
Describe the parts of scientific method
Observation, Question, Hypothesis, Prediction, Test
TERM 2
Describe a hypothesis
DEFINITION 2
a suggested answer to a well-defined scientific question.
TERM 3
What is quantitative
DEFINITION 3
Measurement- using the metric system
TERM 4
What is qualitative
DEFINITION 4
Description-
TERM 5
What does observation mean?
DEFINITION 5
The use of your senses, such as vision or hearing to
gather and recored information
What does it mean to make an
inference?
A logical conclusion based on observations about "what you
think might happen"
TERM 7
What is a variable in an experiment?
DEFINITION 7
Any factor in an experiment that is NOT constant - "it
can change"
TERM 8
What is the purpose of a control group?
DEFINITION 8
stays the same and keeps everything in one situation.
TERM 9
What are the most common element in
common LIFE?
DEFINITION 9
Oxygen, Carbon, Hydrogen, Nitrogen
TERM 10
What is an element? Give an example of
one?
DEFINITION 10
A pure SubstanceExample: Oxygen
Describe a covalent bond? Give an example?
2 Atoms share electrons Example= Water (H2O)
TERM 17
What is a monomer?
DEFINITION 17
Large molecules built from many smaller similar
molecules or a small unit of element- One single
TERM 18
What is a Polymer?
DEFINITION 18
A long chain of monomers linked together
TERM 19
What is larger a monomer or a polymer?
DEFINITION 19
Polymer is longer chain
TERM 20
What is the process called of "building"
polymers?
DEFINITION 20
Hydration
What is the process of "breaking" polymers
called?
Dehydration
TERM 22
What is it called when water is
removed?
DEFINITION 22
Dehydration (Building polymers)
TERM 23
What is the process called when you add
water?
DEFINITION 23
Hydration ( Breaking polymers )
TERM 24
How are disaccharides formed?
DEFINITION 24
with dehydration cells build disacchrides
TERM 25
What does disaccharide mean?
DEFINITION 25
2 sugars or double sugar
What does Cellulose
do?
It is found in plants is a building material that gives
strength, makes it "stiff"
TERM 32
What is a characteristic of a Lipid?
DEFINITION 32
It is like Oil and surrounds and holds water in the cells,
"avoids water"
TERM 33
What is hydrophobic?
DEFINITION 33
Afraid of water ( HATES) "fears"
TERM 34
What is hydrophalic?
DEFINITION 34
LOVES water
TERM 35
Why do we need Proteins?
DEFINITION 35
For daily body function, form hair, fur , muscle store
nutrients
What is the structure of an amino acid?
Monomer ( one)-central Carbon atoms bonded to 4 partners
TERM 37
What is the structure of a protein?
DEFINITION 37
polymer- 20 Amino Acids linked together
TERM 38
What is a
polyPEPtide?
DEFINITION 38
chain of amino acids (proteins)
TERM 39
What do polyPEPtides
do?
DEFINITION 39
Make proteins
TERM 40
What is an enzyme?
DEFINITION 40
it's a protein, it causes chemical reactions in organisms
What is a plasma membrane?
Skin around the cell
TERM 47
What functions do proteins do in cellular
membranes?
DEFINITION 47
Carry out chemical reactions, Help with communication
between cells
TERM 48
What is diffusion?
DEFINITION 48
particles move from high to low concentration
TERM 49
What is equilibrium?
DEFINITION 49
# of molecules is EQUAL in and out of the cell=
BALANCE
TERM 50
What is passive transport?
DEFINITION 50
Diffusion across a membrane
What is osmosis?
passive transport across a selectively permeable
membrane
TERM 52
What is active transport?
DEFINITION 52
Cells use energy to move molecules
TERM 53
What does endocytosis mean?
DEFINITION 53
Material enters the cell within vesicles from the plasma
membrane
TERM 54
What does exocytosis mean?
DEFINITION 54
protein materials exit the cell
TERM 55
How do large molecules move across a
membrane?
DEFINITION 55
Large molecules go into vesicles and move material in and
out
What is a vacuole?
Sac, pumps out excess water
TERM 62
What is a Lysosome?
DEFINITION 62
Sac, digestive enzymes to break down proteins
TERM 63
What is chloroplasts?
DEFINITION 63
photosynthesis takes place(found only in plants)
TERM 64
What is Mitochondria?
DEFINITION 64
where Respiration occurs (gets energy) in Eukayotic (
Animal cells)
TERM 65
What is respiration mean?
DEFINITION 65
To get energy
What is a cytoskeleton?
fibers in the cytoplasm
TERM 67
What is autotroph mean?
DEFINITION 67
make own food
TERM 68
What does Heterotroph mean?
DEFINITION 68
Consumes food
TERM 69
What does kinetic energy mean?
DEFINITION 69
moving & active
TERM 70
What does potential energy mean?
DEFINITION 70
Energy is stored up
How many ATP molecules are produced
during cellular respiration?
TERM 77
How many ATP molecules are produced
during each turn of the KREBs Cycle?
DEFINITION 77
2 each turn to 4
TERM 78
What is the Krebs Cycle?
DEFINITION 78
Energy cycle ( to make energy)
TERM 79
How many ATP molecules do you need to get
the Krebs Cycle started?
DEFINITION 79
TERM 80
What enters the Krebs Cycle?
DEFINITION 80
Pyruvic Acid
Where does Pyruvic Acid come from?
From Glycosis
TERM 82
What is ATP synthase and where is it
found?
DEFINITION 82
it turns energy from ADP to ATP, it is found in the
mitochondria
TERM 83
Where most molecules of ATP found during
cellular respiration?
DEFINITION 83
In the last stage
TERM 84
What is the purpose of respiration?
DEFINITION 84
To make energy
TERM 85
What is fermentation?
DEFINITION 85
Makes ATP without oxygen
What is the light dependent
stage?
what a plant converts the Sun's energy into chemical energy
TERM 92
Where does the light dependent stage occur
in the leaf?
DEFINITION 92
in the membrane of the thylakoids
TERM 93
Why is the light dependent stage called the
water splitting?
DEFINITION 93
water splits into O2 and H
TERM 94
What are pigments?
DEFINITION 94
chemicals that cause color in plants
TERM 95
Where are pigments found?
DEFINITION 95
In plants
What do pigments
do?
they create color from light
TERM 97
How do light interact with
pigments?
DEFINITION 97
They create chemical energy
TERM 98
What is in the CENTRAL nervous system?
DEFINITION 98
Brain,Spinal cord
TERM 99
What is in the PERIPHERAL nervous system?
DEFINITION 99
Delivers information to the CNS thru nerves
TERM 100
What does the Central Nervous System
do?
DEFINITION 100
interprets info and tell your body what to do or how to
respond It's the body's main information center
