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A series of questions and answers related to the concepts of diffusion and active transport in biology. It covers topics such as the driving force behind diffusion, the movement of molecules across membranes, the role of membrane carriers, and the mechanisms of active transport. A valuable resource for students studying these concepts in a biology lab setting.
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The driving force for diffusion is _____. - correct answer ✔ The kinetic energy of the molecules in motion. In diffusion, molecules move _____. - correct answer ✔ From high concentration to low concentration. Which of the following dialysis membranes has the larges pore size? - correct answer ✔ 200 MWCO Avogadro's number is a constant for the number of ______. - correct answer ✔ molecules Glucose is a six-carbon sugar. Albumin is a protein with 607 amino acids. The average molecular weight of a single amino acid is 135 g/mole. There is no reason to run these solutes at the 20 MWCO because ______. - correct answer ✔ Glucose and albumin are both too large to pass. The effect of increasing the concentration of sodium chloride from 9mM to 18mM in the left beaker was to _____. - correct answer ✔ Increase the rate of diffusion. Describe the difference between the rate of diffusion seen for sodium and urea.
Which of the following solutes did not pass through any of the membranes? - correct answer ✔ Albumin When diffusion stops, we say the solution has reached _____. - correct answer ✔ Equilibrium Describe two variables that affect the rate of diffusion. - correct answer ✔ Change in concentration and diffusion distance. Why do you think urea was not able to diffuse through the 20 MWCO membrane? - correct answer ✔ Urea molecular weight is 60.07 and the membrane size only allowed molecules below 20 MWCO. (It was to big.) Describe the results of the attempts to diffuse glucose and albumin through the 200 MWCO membrane. - correct answer ✔ Glucose was able to pass through the 200 MWCO membrane. Put the following in order from smallest to largest molecular weight: glucose, sodium chloride, albumin, and urea. - correct answer ✔ Sodium chloride, urea, glucose, and albumin. Molecules need a carrier protein to help them move across a membrane because _____. - correct answer ✔ They are lipid insoluble or they are too large. Which of the following is true of facilitated diffusion. - correct answer ✔ Movement is passive and down a concentration gradient.
The movement of sodium and potassium maintained by the Na+ K+ pump _____. - correct answer ✔ requires energy and is against a concentration gradient. The sodium-potassium pump is classified as an _____. - correct answer ✔ antiporter The sodium-potassium pump moves ___ sodium ions and ___ potassium ions simultaneously. - correct answer ✔ 3, Solutes that require active transport for movement might be too large to pass or might be _____. - correct answer ✔ lipid insoluble. Why did the sodium transport stop before the transport was completed? - correct answer ✔ The ATP was depleted. (It ran out of energy.) Why was the equilibrium for the solutes reached earlier? - correct answer ✔ There was more pumps for transport. What happened when you increased the amount of ATP dispensed with the same concentration of sodium and potassium on either side of the membrane? - correct answer ✔ More ions were transported. At what concentration of ATP were the sodium and potassium maximally transported? - correct answer ✔ 3mM ATP
What was the effect of adding more Na+ K+ pumps to the simulated cell? - correct answer ✔ Transport of the ions was faster. Describe the effect of adding glucose carriers to the sodium and potassium transport. - correct answer ✔ There was no change in the transport rate because glucose is transported independently.