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A comprehensive overview of telecommunications standards and concepts, covering key organizations like bicsi, tia/eia, ieee, and nec. It delves into various aspects of telecommunications infrastructure, including cabling, grounding, bandwidth, and transmission methods. The document also explores important concepts like impedance, cross-talk, and fire suppression, offering valuable insights for students and professionals in the field.
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โ: Telecommunications Industry Association / Electronic Industries Alliance TIA/EIA- 568 - C. โ: Generic Telecommunications Cabling for Customer Premises TIA- 568 - C. โ: Commercial Building Telecommunications Cabling Standard ANSI/TIA/EIA- 568 - C. โ: Balanced Twisted Pair Telecommunications Cabling and Component Standards ANSI/TIA/EIA- 568 - C. โ: Optical Fiber Cabling Component Standards TIA/EIA- 569 - B
โ: Commercial Building Standard for Telecommunications Pathways and Spaces ANSI/TIA/EIA- 570 - B โ: Residential Telecommunications Infrastructure Standard 2004 ANSI/TIA/EIA- 606 - A โ: Administration Standard for Commercial Telecommunications Infrastructure ANSI/J-STD- 607 - A โ: Commercial Building Grounding and Bonding Requirements for Telecommunications TIA TSB- 140 โ: Additional Guidelines for Field-Testing Length, Loss, and Polarity of Optical Fiber TIA- 525 - 7 OFSTP- 7 โ: Measurement of Optical Power Loss of Installed Singlemode Fiber Cable Plant TIA- 526 - 14 - A OFSTP- 14 โ: Measurement of Optical Power Loss of Installed Multimode Fiber Cable Plant
IEEE 802.11g โ: 54/22 Mbit/sec 2.4 GHz IEEE 802.11n โ: 600 Mbit/sec 2.4 or 5 GHz ISO โ: International Organization for Standardization IEC JTC โ: International Electrotechnical Commission Joint Committee 1 NEC 90 โ: Introduction NEC 100 โ: Definitions NEC 250
โ: Grounding NEC 300 โ: Wiring Methods NEC 500 โ: Hazardous Locations NEC 760 โ: Fire Alarm Systems NEC 770 โ: Optical Fiber Cables and Raceways NEC 800 โ: Communication Circuits TIA TSB-140 Tier 1 Testing โ: Length, Loss, Polarity, OLTS
โ: The movement of information in the form of electrical or optical signals in analog or digital form. Simplex lines โ: Transmit in one direction only Half-duplex lines โ: Transmit in either direction, but only one direction at a time Full-duplex lines โ: Transmit in both directions at the same time The only common limiting factors are โ: Faulty or improper system design or installation techniques Frequency โ: The number of cycles a signal is repeated in a given time period Hertz โ: The rate of change in one second
1,000 Hz is โ: 1 kHz 1,000,000 Hz is โ: 1MHz 1,000,000,000 Hz is โ: 1GHz Bandwidth is โ: The range between the highest and the lowest frequencies of a communications component Analog signals โ: Utilize continuously varying electrical signals Digital signals โ: Are discontinuous, have a fixed bit framing time slot, on/off, 1/0, +/-, digital pulses, rectangular shape
โ: Outer conductor 0V to ground, center conductor at some voltage carrying the signal Characteristic impedance can be impacted by โ: Hardware, Design, Installation methods and procedures P=VxI โ: Power is equal to Voltage multiplied by current Resistance is โ: Resistance of a conductor to the flow of electricity through it(Ohms) Inductance is โ: a property of an electrical force field built around a conductor that opposes and change in current flow Inductance is measured in โ: henries(H) Capacitance is
โ: A property of conductors that allows storage of electrical charges when potential differences exist Capacitance is measured in โ: farads(micro 1/millionth, nano 1/billionth, pico 1/trillionth) Impedance is โ: In AC current flow, the total opposition to that current flow(Resistance[R], Inductance[L], Capacitance[C]) Every transmission line has Impedance determined by โ: Metallic material and diameter, distance between conductors, insulating value of material separating them Most balanced twisted-pair exhibit 100 ohms at โ: 1MHz Impedance matching โ: Impedance should be the same for signal transmitter, cable, and receiver
Pair Twist โ: Maintain transmission quality, twists vary from .25 inch to 6 inch, no two pairs within cable have the same twist rate, cause uneven pair length, improves capacitance imbalance and electromagnetic induction Drawings coded with "A" are โ: Architectual Drawings Drawings coded with "S" are โ: Structural Drawings Drawings coded with "M" are โ: Mechanical Drawings Drawings coded with "E" are โ: Electrical Drawings Drawings coded with "T" are โ: Telecommunications Drawings
โ: Construction Specifications Institute CSC โ: Construction Specifications Canada Fire Supression is Division โ: 21 Plumbing Divisions is โ: 22 HVAC Division is โ: 23 Integrated Automation Division is โ: 25 Electrical Division is
โ: Intermediate Cross-connect (BD Building Distro) MC(CD) โ: Main Cross-connect (CD Campus Distro) TR โ: Floor or portion of a floor, termination of horizontal/backbone cables, houses HC(FD), may contain IC(BD), controlled enviro. [Triangle] โ: Work Area SE Underground โ: Mechanical Pathway, High cost but economical, Planning install but greater adaptability. SE Buried โ: Lower cost than underground but not as much protection, not flexible for future.
SE Aerial โ: Lowest cost but can damage exterior, Easy maintenance but susceptible to environment. SE Tunnel โ: Very expensive, reduces surface interference and ground corrosion. OSP โ: Outside Plant ISP โ: Inside Plant ER(Equipment Room) โ: Should provide space for termination, cross-connect, personal, room provide for telecommunications equipment, serves entire building/campus, houses MC, provides space for APs/SPs TE(Telecommunicatins Equipment) โ: Support dedicated local group of users, no greater than 3,500 sqft, not allowed to replace a TR, may contain wireless, controlled access.
Cross connections โ: All connections between Backbone and Horizontal cables. ANSI/TIA/EIA- 606 - A Class 1 โ: Building Served by single ER ANSI/TIA/EIA- 606 - A Class 2 โ: Building served by more than one telecommunications space ANSI/TIA/EIA- 606 - A Class 3 โ: Multiple building at one site ANSI/TIA/EIA- 606 - A Class 4 โ: Multiple site or campuses Cross-connect - Orange โ: Color for Demarcation Point Cross-connect - Green
โ: Color for Network connections Cross-connect - Purple โ: Color for Common Equipment Cross-connect - White โ: Color for First level backbone Cross-connect - Gray โ: Color for Second level backbone Cross-connect - Blue โ: Color for Horizontal cable Cross-connect - Brown โ: Color for Interbuilding backbone Cross-connect - Yellow โ: Color for Misc.
