





Study with the several resources on Docsity
Earn points by helping other students or get them with a premium plan
Prepare for your exams
Study with the several resources on Docsity
Earn points to download
Earn points by helping other students or get them with a premium plan
Community
Ask the community for help and clear up your study doubts
Discover the best universities in your country according to Docsity users
Free resources
Download our free guides on studying techniques, anxiety management strategies, and thesis advice from Docsity tutors
Unit 1 is chapter 1 in textbook. It is introduction to scientific research in psychology. It also includes the comparison between non scientific and scientific methods in psychological research/ study
Typology: Lecture notes
1 / 9
This page cannot be seen from the preview
Don't miss anything!
Empirical way
e.g, the past some cultures believed (and some still do today) that mental illnesses, like schizophrenia, resulted from demonic possession. Most Canadians today, however, would agree that most mental health illnesses result from a malfunctioning brain. 3 0F B pragmatic and practical: underlying theory is supposed to be true and no systematic to explain if it is true not predict new knowledge
e.g, Raising children according to common-sense and most of them were ok. Yet, parents of autistic children gave little help because of inability to predict when it will and will not work
has significant limitation
Non-empirical way
3 0F B 4 standards to characterize scientific process:
☛ Quantitative and qualitative 3 0F B Quantitative: descriptions are present in mathematical or statistical summaries preferred by psychologists 3 0F B Qualitative: descriptions are present in verbal reports
independent variables dependent variables
manipulated by the experimenter
conditions to test the results the researcher expects to achieve
observed, recorded or measured in a study
the results measured to meet the researcher’ expectation
a) covariation of cause and effect: ‣ effect is present cause is present ‣ no effect is present no cause is present b) temporal precedence: cause needs to be appear before effect c) elimination of alternative explanations: ‣ other causes are removed ‣ random assignment is used to achieve causation ‣ can be only done in highly controlled experiment (experimental design)
Basic and applied research
it is a continuum between basic and applied research, have to be aware where your research is on the continuum