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BEHAVIORAL HEALTH NURSING EXAM PREPARATION
FOR NSG-322|Qs & As| LATEST UPDATE 2025|
VERIFIED A+
NIMH
National Institute of Mental Health; established in 1946 after WWII, marking a shift from asylum settings to state hospitals. Deinstitutionalization Began in the 1950s, moving towards less restrictive care settings like community health and nursing homes. Decade of the Brain 1990 Marked by new insights in imaging and the human genome, introducing new treatments like somatic and psychopharmaceutical therapies. Mental health parity laws Laws that removed barriers to mental health care, improving affordability and access to care while still facing availability limitations.
Nightingale's notes on nursing 1859 Emphasized humane treatment for mentally ill patients, highlighting the importance of observation for better understanding of illnesses. Peplau's theory of interpersonal relations in nursing 1952 Revolutionized nursing by focusing on the nurse-client relationship, communication, and individualized care, categorizing anxiety into four levels. Tort law Involves civil liabilities where a person wrongfully harms another, with intentional tort including not obtaining patient consent. Mandatory reporting standards Obligates nurses to report unprofessional conduct, with exceptions to client confidentiality when harm to self is disclosed.
Changes in responsibilities or relationships that individuals experience throughout their lives. Interpersonal conflicts or deficits Struggles or lacking abilities in communication, interaction, or relationships with others. Cognitive therapies Therapeutic approaches that focus on changing negative thought patterns and beliefs. Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) A type of therapy that helps individuals identify and modify negative thought patterns and behaviors. Dialectical behavior therapy (DBT) A type of therapy that combines cognitive and behavioral techniques to help individuals regulate emotions and improve relationships.
Behavioral therapies Therapeutic approaches that focus on changing behaviors through reinforcement or punishment. Reinforcement-based: Behavior modification Using rewards or positive consequences to increase desired behaviors. Punishment-based: Aversion therapy Using negative consequences to decrease or eliminate unwanted behaviors. Exposure-based: Systematic desensitization; flooding Therapeutic techniques that gradually expose individuals to feared stimuli to reduce anxiety or phobias. Biological therapies Treatment approaches that target biological factors to improve mental health.
A questionnaire used to assess depression in older adults. Distruptive mood dysregulation disorder A childhood disorder characterized by severe irritability and frequent temper outbursts. Persistant depressive disorder (dysthymia) A chronic form of depression lasting for at least two years in adults and one year in adolescents. Premenstrual dysphoric disorder A severe form of premenstrual syndrome characterized by mood swings, irritability, and physical symptoms. Substance/medication induced depressive disorder Depressive symptoms caused by substance abuse or medication use.
Depressive disorder due to another medical disorder Depressive symptoms resulting from a medical condition, such as stroke or Alzheimer's disease. Major depressive disorder A mood disorder characterized by persistent feelings of sadness and loss of interest in daily activities. Suicide Risk factors Factors that increase the likelihood of suicidal thoughts or behaviors, including family history, substance use, and chronic illness. Beck depression inventory A self-report questionnaire used to assess the severity of depression symptoms. Hamilton depression scale A clinician-rated questionnaire to evaluate the severity of depression symptoms.
Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors (MAOIs) Medications like Isocarboxazid that require avoiding high tyramine foods and certain medications, carrying a medical information card, and seeking emergency help for severe headaches due to potential hypotension or hypertension. Brexanolone A newer antidepressant approved for postpartum depression, administered through a one-time 60-hour IV infusion in a hospital setting, influencing GABA receptors and causing side effects like sedation, loss of consciousness, dry mouth, flushing, and hot flashes. Esketamine A newer antidepressant acting as an NMDA receptor antagonist, FDA approved for treatment-resistant depression, administered via nasal spray or IV infusion in a healthcare facility, with side effects like nausea, vomiting, and potential for abuse as a Schedule III drug. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation
Non-invasive therapy using magnetic pulses to stimulate the cerebral cortex, primarily for treatment-resistant depression Deep Brain Stimulation Invasive procedure involving the implantation of electrodes in the brain to deliver electrical impulses to underactive brain areas, commonly used for Parkinson's and OCD Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) Procedure involving the administration of low electrical current to the brain to induce a brief seizure, primarily used for treatment-resistant depression, mania, schizophrenia, and schizoaffective disorder Vagus nerve stimulation FDA-approved treatment involving the surgical implantation of a pacemaker-like device that stimulates the vagus nerve to increase neurotransmitters regulating mood Inpatient
Medications that selectively block the reuptake of serotonin in the brain, commonly used to reduce anxiety and depression with potential side effects like insomnia, headache, nausea, and sexual dysfunction Serotonin Syndrome A potentially life-threatening condition caused by excessive serotonin levels, requiring immediate discontinuation of serotonergic medications and specific treatments to manage symptoms Esketamine (Ketamine) NMDA receptor antagonist FDA-approved for treatment-resistant depression, administered via nasal spray or IV infusion in a healthcare facility with staff monitoring Behavioral health Individual's response to alterations in mental and physical health, involving prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of those responses Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT)
Therapeutic approach addressing negative thought patterns contributing to depressive symptoms Interpersonal therapy (IPT) Therapeutic approach providing tools and support for relationship issues contributing to depression Exercise Therapeutic modality improving multiple symptoms of depression by increasing serotonin levels with fewer side effects than medication Light therapy Therapeutic modality, especially for Seasonal Affective Disorder, involving exposure to light to decrease melatonin levels Group therapy Therapeutic approach offering a safe place for individuals to practice interactions, decrease isolation, and address hopelessness
Persistent Depressive Disorder Chronic low-level depression lasting two years in adults and one year in pediatric patients, affecting eating, sleeping, energy, self-esteem, and concentration ECT Nursing care after ECT is like caring for a post-op patient TCA's TCA's have cardiac toxicity effect- can lead to severe dysrhythmias- most lethal when taken in overdose Least Restrictive Treatment Advocate for patients to receive the least restrictive treatment such as outpatient Duty to Warn Gives okay that you are not breaking HIPAA by warning the person who was threatened
Priapism Priapism is an adverse reaction in TRAZODONE Serotonin Out of serotonin, dopamine, and norepi which one is most associated with depressive disorder? Serotonin Tyramine Foods 14.7 tyramine foods Mental Health Mental health: is a state of well being in which individuals reach their own potential, cope with the normal stresses of life, work productively and contribute to the community. Mental Illness
Transference Refers to unconscious feelings that the patient has toward a healthcare worker that were originally felt in childhood for a significant other (You remind me exactly of my sister) Countertransference Refers to unconscious feelings that the healthcare worker has toward the patient (If the pt reminds you of someone you do not like you may unconsciously react as if the pt is that individual). Maintain self- awareness and seek supervisory guidance Professional Boundaries Are the expected and accepted legal, ethical, and professional standards that separate nurses from patients. This separation is essential, considering the power differential between the nurse and the patient Suicide Risk Factors
Family history of suicide, Family history of child maltreatment, Previous suicide attempt(s), History of mental disorders, History of alcohol and substance use disorders, Feelings of hopelessness, Impulsive or aggressive tendencies, Cultural and religious beliefs, Local epidemics of suicide, Isolation, Barriers to accessing mental health treatment, Loss, Physical illness, Easy access to lethal methods, Unwillingness to seek help because of stigma Suicide Risk Assessment Suicide risk assessment is based on identifying specific risk and protective factors, taking a psychosocial and health history, and establishing a therapeutic relationship with the patient during the interview. SAFE-T One assessment tool that encompasses both risk and protective factors, provides the clinician with a tool to benchmark risk, and suggests interventions is the Suicide Assessment Five-Step Evaluation and Triage (SAFE-T). Suicide Nursing Interventions
