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Behavior Analysis and Verbal Behavior Concepts, Exams of Philosophy

A wide range of concepts in behavior analysis and verbal behavior, including reinforcement schedules, differential reinforcement, shaping, behavior chains, verbal operants, and stimulus equivalence. It provides detailed explanations and examples of these key principles and techniques used in applied behavior analysis and behavior therapy. The document could be useful for students studying psychology, education, or applied behavior analysis, as it covers fundamental concepts that are essential for understanding behavior modification and language development. The level of detail and technical terminology suggests this document is likely intended for an academic or professional audience with some prior knowledge in this field.

Typology: Exams

2023/2024

Available from 07/28/2024

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EDF 6223 SAFMEDS DECK 1, 2 & 3 |
2024 Questions & Answers | 100%
Correct | Verified
In a behavior chain, each response serves as a(n)________ ________ for the response that produced it. -
✔✔conditioned reinforcer
Making a sandwich is a ______ ______, with a specific sequence of discrete responses. - ✔✔behavior
chain
A task analysis should be _____ according to age, skill level, and prior experience of the organism. -
✔✔individualized
Differential reinforcement effects include greater _____ of similar responses and decrease in
unreinforced members. - ✔✔frequency
A therapist breaks down waving into lifting arm, opening hand, and swiveling wrist. This is a(n) _____
______. - ✔✔task analysis
Procedure that reinforces responses that share a predetermined dimension or quality and withheld for
those that do not - ✔✔differential reinforcement
In a task analysis, the ability of the organism to independently perform each component, or _____ _____
should be assessed. - ✔✔mastery level
Breaking a complex skill into smaller and sequentially ordered teachable units. - ✔✔task analysis
In a behavior chain, each response serves as a(n) _____ _____ for the next response. - ✔✔discriminative
stimulus
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EDF 6223 SAFMEDS DECK 1, 2 & 3 |

2024 Questions & Answers | 100%

Correct | Verified

In a behavior chain, each response serves as a(n)________ ________ for the response that produced it. - ✔✔conditioned reinforcer Making a sandwich is a ______ ______, with a specific sequence of discrete responses. - ✔✔behavior chain A task analysis should be _____ according to age, skill level, and prior experience of the organism. - ✔✔individualized Differential reinforcement effects include greater _____ of similar responses and decrease in unreinforced members. - ✔✔frequency A therapist breaks down waving into lifting arm, opening hand, and swiveling wrist. This is a(n) _____ ______. - ✔✔task analysis Procedure that reinforces responses that share a predetermined dimension or quality and withheld for those that do not - ✔✔differential reinforcement In a task analysis, the ability of the organism to independently perform each component, or _____ _____ should be assessed. - ✔✔mastery level Breaking a complex skill into smaller and sequentially ordered teachable units. - ✔✔task analysis In a behavior chain, each response serves as a(n) _____ _____ for the next response. - ✔✔discriminative stimulus

A specific sequence of discrete responses, each associated with a particular stimulus condition. - ✔✔behavior chain Each successive approximation replaces the previously reinforced _____ ______. - ✔✔response class The new response classes produced by gradually changing criterion for reinforcement during shaping. - ✔✔successive approximations Shaping uses differential reinforcement to produce a series of gradually changing _____ _____. - ✔✔response classes Systematically and differentially reinforcing successive approximations to a terminal behavior. - ✔✔shaping Differential reinforcement is reinforcing some responses and _____ reinforcement for some responses. - ✔✔withholding The therapist only gives candy for requests that include a point and a gutteral noise. - ✔✔differential reinforcement In shaping, _____ _____ is used to progress to each successive approximation. - ✔✔differential reinforcement The therapist first reinforces reaching, then reaching with outstretched fingers, then reaching with only one pointer finger outstretched. - ✔✔shaping Each successive approximation is closer in form to the _____ _____. - ✔✔terminal behavior The therapist creates a list of _____ ______ getting closer and closer to a terminal behavior for his birthday procedure. - ✔✔Successive Approximations

DRL is a(n) _____ method of reducing a target behavior. - ✔✔slow Reinforcement requires the completion of a variable number of responses to produce a reinforcer in a(n) _____ _____ schedule. - ✔✔VR (variable ratio) DRL is a good choice for _____ frequency of a behavior. - ✔✔decreasing Variable ratio schedules produce _____, steady rates of response. - ✔✔consistent With a fixed ratio schedule, _____ rates of response are expected. - ✔✔quick Reinforcement is provided for the first response following a variable duration of time in a(n) _____ _____ schedule. - ✔✔VI (variable interval) In DRI, the incompatible behavior is in a(n) _____ response class. - ✔✔exclusive A DRA procedure is identical to a DRI procedure, but the behaviors may be compatible in a(n) _____. - ✔✔DRA (differential reinforcement of alternative behavior) Reinforcement is provided for a behavior that cannot occur simultaneously with the target behavior. - ✔✔DRI (differential reinforcement of incompatible behavior) The therapist only reinforces saying "help" in moderate tone, which can be emitted while out of seat. - ✔✔DRA (differential reinforcement of alternative behavior) The therapist only reinforces saying "help" in moderate tone, which can't be emitted simultaneously wit a scream - ✔✔DRI (differential reinforcement of incompatible behavior) With a variable ration schedule, _____ rates of response are expected. - ✔✔quick

In DRI, the incompatible behavior must have an incompatible _____. - ✔✔topography A schedule that provides reinforcement an average of ever six responses. - ✔✔VR (variable ratio) DRL does not _____ a behavior completely. - ✔✔eliminate Reinforcement is provided for a behavior that can occur simultaneously with the target behavior but is a desirable alternative. - ✔✔DRA (differential reinforcement of alternative behavior) Reinforcement is contingent on less than or equal to a specified number of occurrences in a time period.

  • ✔✔DRL (differential reinforcement of low rates) In DRA the alternative behavior is not _____ incompatible with the problem behavior. - ✔✔topographically An interval DRO requires absence of the target behavior throughout the interval. Momentary DRO requires it at specific _____. - ✔✔times With all types of DRO, initial _____ _____ should match the current level of performance to ensure contact with reinforcement. - ✔✔time intervals Echoic verbal operants produce _____ _____ reinforcement. - ✔✔generalized conditioned A verbal operant where the speaker asks for or states a want or need. - ✔✔mand Formal similarity requires the response to _____ _____ the stimulus. - ✔✔physically resemble The therapist says "water" and Nia says "water". - ✔✔echoic

Formal similarity requires the same _____ mode. - ✔✔sense Nia says "I think this is water." - ✔✔autoclitic In an autoclitic, the secondary autoclitic response gives the listener more information about the _____ _____. - ✔✔primary response A textual has point-to-point correspondence, but not _____ _____. - ✔✔formal similarity An operant where a verbal discriminative stimulus evokes a verbal response that does not have point-to- point correspondence. - ✔✔intraverbal The specific reinforcement that strengthens a mand is directly related to the relevant _____ _____. - ✔✔(MO) motivating operation Verbal behavior relations where the response has point-to-point correspondence, but without formal similarity. - ✔✔codic In an intraverbal the verbal stimulus and verbal _____ do not match each other. - ✔✔response Nia wants water and finger spells "water". - ✔✔mand Codic relations have a history of _____ _____. - ✔✔generalized reinforcement Reading wihthout any implications that the reader understands what is being read. - ✔✔textual An intraverbal is under the functional control of _____ _____ reinforcement. - ✔✔generalized conditioned

A verbal operant in which a speaker names things and actions from direct contact with the senses. - ✔✔tact Codic relations have point-to-point correspondence, but no _____ _____. - ✔✔formal similarity The therapist says "What's that?" and Nia says "Water." Nia's operant is a(n) _____. - ✔✔intraverbal A tact is under the functional control of a(n) _____ discriminative stimulus. - ✔✔codic An operant where spoken words are written or spelled. - ✔✔taking dictation A tact produces _____ _____ reinforcement. - ✔✔generalized conditioned Verbal behavior relations where the response and the verbal stimulus have formal similarity ad a history of generalized reinforcement. - ✔✔duplic In transcription behavior a spoken verbal stimulus controls a(n) _____, typed, or fingerspelled response.

  • ✔✔written Nia sees a lake and signs "water." - ✔✔tact Duplic relations have _____ _____. - ✔✔formal similarity Textuals and echoics are different because the response product of a textual is not ______ to its controlling stimulus. - ✔✔similar Nia hears the word "water" and types water. - ✔✔taking dictation A textual has point-to-point correspondence, but not _____ _____. - ✔✔formal similarity

With transitivity, the organism emits a(n) _____ stimulus-stimulus relation after learning two other stimulus-stimulus relations. - ✔✔untrained Without training, Nia matches a picture of a plane with a sample. - ✔✔reflexivity The therapist asks Nia three easy, quick questions before the target task. - ✔✔High-p With transitivity, the organism learns A=B and B=C, the emits _____=C, untrained. - ✔✔A A probe for the emergence of untrained stimulus-stimulus relations that evaluates both symmetry and transitivity simultaneously. - ✔✔equivalence test An antecedent intervention in which stimuli with known reinforcing properties are delivered independent of the organism's behavior. - ✔✔NCR (noncontingent reinforcement) Nia learns "dog"= dog image and dog image=written word dog, then matches written word dog with "dog". - ✔✔transitivity An equivalence test evaluates both symmetry and _____ simultaneously. - ✔✔transitivity NCR can be on a(n) _____ or variable-time schedule. - ✔✔fixed In stimulus equivalence, when an organism can reverse the sample stimulus and a comparison stimulus, _____ is achieved. - ✔✔symmetry An equivalence test is a probe for the emergence of _____ stimulus-stimulus relations. - ✔✔untrained NCR is usually implemented with a(n) _____ procedure. - ✔✔extinction

Nia can match a dog image with "dog". Without training , she matches the "dog" with a dog image. - ✔✔symmetry Generative learning occurs without dependence on _____ _____ or a history of reinforcement. - ✔✔direct teaching The effectiveness of a token economy depends largely on the ______ of the back-up reinforcers. - ✔✔extensiveness When an organism will select a stimulus that directly matches the sample, in the absence of training. - ✔✔reflexivity Generative learning occurs without dependence on direct teaching or a history of _____. - ✔✔reinforcement In a token economy, participants receive _____ for engaging in target behaviors. - ✔✔tokens Symmetry is when A=B, _____=A. - ✔✔B An equivalence test evaluates both _____ and transitivity simultaneously. - ✔✔symmetry The therapist gives Nia access to an iPad for one minute every ten minutes, independent of behavior. - ✔✔NCR With symmetry, the organism can _____ the sample stimulus and comparison stimulus, without training.

  • ✔✔reverse A behavioral effect where previously acquired skills enable or accelerate the acquisition of other skills. - ✔✔generative learning