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BDP MIDTERM EXAM 2025 QUESTIONS
AND CORRECT ANSWERS
32 Adults: 8 incisor, 12 molars, 4 wisdom, 4 canines, and 8 pre molar 20 kids: 4 central incisors, four canine teeth, four lateral incisors, and 8 molars - ANSWER: How many teeth we have Central incisors - ANSWER: the four front teeth 2 top and 2 bottom
- 8,9, 24, 25 Lateral incisors - ANSWER: the ones next to central incisors, 2 top and two bottom
- 7,10, 23, 26 Dental quadrants - ANSWER: quad 1: maxillary right, quad 2: maxillary left, quad 3: mandibular left quad 4: mandibular right
- from the point of view of the patient (envision your own mouth) maxillary - ANSWER: upper jaw mandibular - ANSWER: lower jaw
Anterior Teeth - ANSWER: the front teeth, incisors and canines
- use for cutting and tearing food Posterior teeth - ANSWER: back teeth in the mouth
- including premolars and molars
- Used to grind and crush down food Tooth crown - ANSWER: - visible part of a tooth that you can see in the mouth. It's the part used for biting and chewing food
- Primarily composed of which the hardest substance in the human body Tooth root - ANSWER: - part of the tooth that is below the gumline and holds the tooth securely in the jawbone
- Surface covered by , a hard tissue that helps anchor the tooth to the jawbone enamel - ANSWER: which the hardest substance in the human body cementum - ANSWER: a hard tissue that helps anchor the tooth to the jawbone Dentin - ANSWER: - middle layer that makes up the main structure of a tooth
- Not as hard and provides support to the enamel while also transmitting sensation, such as temperature changes and pressure, to the pulp of the tooth
Lingual Surface - ANSWER: aspect of the tooth that faces the tongue Distal surface - ANSWER: Surface of tooth distant from the midline Mesial surface - ANSWER: Surface of the tooth toward the midline Occlusial surface - ANSWER: Top surface (chewing) for posteriors Incisal surface - ANSWER: Chewing surface of anterior teeth periodontium - ANSWER: complex structure composed of the tissues that surround and support the teeth
1. Gingiva
2. Cementum
3. Periodontal Ligament
4. Alveolar Bone - ANSWER: The 4 periodontium
Gingiva - ANSWER: - Gums
- covers the alveolar bone and the tooth root
- Protect teeth and underlying bone against mechanical and microbial damage Periodontal ligament - ANSWER: attaches tooth to jaw (pocket)
- Functions of the PDL = supports tooth, shock absorption, sensory function Periodontal probe - ANSWER: - measures the pocket depth
- Colors in 3 mm increments up to 12 Universal curette - ANSWER: removes calculus and plaque supragingival (above the gingiva) and subgingivally (below the gingiva) Gingiva - ANSWER: Gums Ultrasonic (Piezoelectric) - ANSWER: - Removes Calculus
- Power-Driven Instrument
- Reduced Clinician Fatigue Healthy Periodontium - ANSWER: Color: Pink
- Consistency: Firm, Well-Adapted
- Contour: Scalloped
- Pocket Depth: 1 - 3 Mm Cementoenamel Junction (CEJ): Bone Crest Within 2mm Gingivitis - ANSWER: Inflammation Of The Gums Color: Red Consistency: Soft Contour: Rolled, Swollen Pocket Depth: 1-3 Mm Cementoenamel Junction (CEJ): Bone Crest Within 2mm Periodontitis - ANSWER: Color: Red Consistency: Soft Contour: Rolled, Swollen
Diagnosis - ANSWER: Clinical Exam, Radiographs, Patient Symptoms Treatment - ANSWER: Catered To The Patient And Their Diagnosis
- Prevention - ANSWER: Oral Hygiene Instructions, Education *Refer: Know When Cases Should Be Handled By Specialists Restorative - ANSWER: - General Dentists Are Specialists Of Restorative Work
1. Do You Have Adequate Training For This Case?
2. If Something Goes Wrong Will You Be Able To Fix It?
3. Do You Have Proper Equipment?
4. Does Your Staff Have Adequate Training - ANSWER: 4 Steps To
Know When To Refer Multidisciplinary Approach - ANSWER: General Dentists Collaborate With Specialists And Specialists Work With Other Specialists To Provide Patients With Individualized Treatment Plans At A High Standard Of Care Systemic, Urgent, Preparatory, Restorative, Elective, Maintenance - ANSWER: SUPREME
Systemic - ANSWER: New Patient Work Up, Through Medical History, Medications Urgent - ANSWER: Severe Periodontal Or Pulpal Pain (Classic Toothache), Trauma, Avulsion, Abscess Preparatory - ANSWER: OHI, Perio, Endo, Caries Control, Extraction, Orth Removal Of Disease Restorative - ANSWER: Filling, Crowns, Bridges, Partials Elective - ANSWER: Veneers, Whitening, Replace Any Metal Restorations With Composite, Or Ceramic Maintenance - ANSWER: Recall, Exam, Radiographs Continuing Education - ANSWER: Required: 50 CE Credits Every 2 Years Purpose: Sharpen And Refine Techqinues
- Stay Up To Date On Current Techniques And Knowledge
- Expand Training: Botox, Implants, Esthetics/Comestics Radiographic Imaging - ANSWER: Radiography Is An Imaging Technique
- X-Ray Beams Are Passed Through The Body To Generate An Image Called A Radiograph
- Radiographs Are Crucial For Diagnosis And Treatment Planning (And More!)
Interproximal Spaces And The Crest Of The Bone Of Maxillary And Mandibular Teeth. These Radiographs Are Used To Detect Caries Calculus And Measure The Crestal Height Of The Alveolar Bone.
- Detect Dental Caries
- Detect Periapical Lesions
- Detect Bony Pathology (Eg. Cancer)
- Evaluate Tooth Development In Children
- Evaluate thrid molars
- Orthodontic treatment planning
- Evaluate periodontal status
- and many more - ANSWER: what are some uses for dental radiographs Radiation Safety - ANSWER: - For Diagnostic Imaging, The Benefit To The Patient Far Outweighs The Radiation Association Risks
- Routine Dental Radiography Is Very Safe Optimization - ANSWER: Radiation Exposure To Patient And Staff Should Be As Low As Reasonably Achievable (ALARA) Social And Economic Factors (40%) - ANSWER: What Factor Is Important In Determining Health Health And Well Being - ANSWER: Economic Stability, Neighborhood And Physical Environment, Education, Food, Community, Safety, Social Context, And Health Care System
Structural Racism - ANSWER: Societal Systems And Institutions That Perpetuate And Maintain Racial Inequality By Creating Unequal Opportunities And Outcomes Based On Race
- Education Access Quality, Access To Quality Healthcare, Housing Affordability And Options, Work And Economic Opportunities, Neighborhood Context And Factors, And Social Interactions And Relationships The Weathering Hypothesis - ANSWER: Chronic Exposure To Socioeconomic Disadvantage, Marginalization And Discrimination Leads To Early Health Deterioration National Assessment Of Adult Literacy (NAAL) - ANSWER: - Racial And Ethnic Minorities
- Hispanic Adults Had Lower Average Health Literacy Than Any Adults In Any Of The Other Racial/Ethnic Groups
- Nonnative Speakers Of English
- Those With Less Than A High School Degree Or GED
- Adults Living Below The Poverty Line Language Barriers - ANSWER: Miscommunication
- Misunderstanding Of Patients Symptoms, Concerns
- Can Lead To An Incorrect Diagnosis And Treatment Frustration
- Generate Stress And Anxiety For Both Patients And Medical Professionals
- Affecting The Overall Quality Of Care And Patients Provider Relationship 42 Percent Black, Non Hispanic - ANSWER: Have Untreated Tooth Decay
Justice - ANSWER: - Fairness
- Dentist Has To Treat Patients Fairly And Equally Veracity - ANSWER: Truthfulness Prosthodontist - ANSWER: Specialize In The Esthetic Restoration Of Broken Down Teeth And The Replacement Of Missing Teeh Function, Esthetics, Signficantly Improve Quality Of Life - ANSWER: Important Of Esthetic Dentistry Dental Crown, Veneers, And Dental Bridges
- Used To Restore Damaged Or Missing Tooth Structure, Improve, Esthetics And Enhance Oral Function - ANSWER: Types Of Indirection Restoration Dental Crowns - ANSWER: - Custom-Made Cap That Covers The Entire Visible Portion Of A Damaged Or Weakened Tooth Veneers - ANSWER: - Thin Custom Made Shell Typically Made Of Poreclain Or Composite Resin That Is Bonded To The Front Surface Of A Tooth
- Used To Improve The Appearnace Of Teeth With Issues Such As
- Discolored Teeth
- Minor Misalignments
- Gaps Between Teeth
- Teeth With Irregular Shapes
Dental Bridges - ANSWER: Fixed Dental Restoration That Replaces One Or More Missing Teeth
- Consist Of Artifical Teeth (Pontic) That Are Anchored To Adjacent Natural Teeth Or Dental Implants
- Used For Filling Gap Left By Missing Teeth
- Improved Chewing Function
- Esthetics Dentures - ANSWER: Partial Denture: Removable Dental Applicance That Replaces One Or Missing Teeth
- Full Denture: A Removable Denture Appliance That Replaces All The Teeth In One Arch (Either Upper Or Lower) Implants - ANSWER: - Placed Into The Jawbone To Serve As An Artificial Root
- Used To Replace Missing Teeth Individually Or To Support Other Restorations Like Crowns, Bridges, Or Dentures
- Offer A Permanent And Natural Looking Solution For Tooth Replacement Amalgam - ANSWER: Advantages: Inexpensive
- Easy To Use/Tecnique Insensitive
- Can Use In Wet Environments Disadvantages: Poor Aesthetics
- Requires Mechanical Retention
1/4 - ANSWER: How Many Adults In US Have Some Type Of Disability Special Patient Care Clinic With Academic Insitution
- GPR/Hospital
- Pediatric Clinics
- Private Practice - ANSWER: Who Can Treat Special Patients Lack Of Access To Care - ANSWER: One Of The Largest Challenges For Special Patients Proper Education And Training Are Important - ANSWER: When In Doubt Refer Out Spectrum - ANSWER: Disorder Involving Persistent Challenges With Social Communication, Restricted Interests, And Repetitive Behaviors
- Impaired Communication
- Diffficulty Coping With New Experiences
- Senory Hypersensitivity Down Syndrome - Answer: - Early On Set Severe Periodontal Disease Cerebral Palsy - Answer: - A Group Of Conditions That Affect Movement And Posture Anxiety - Answer: Anxiolytics/Nitrous Oxide
- Distraction Techniques
- Be Supportive Implication Side Effects: Dry Mouth Avoidance Of Necessary Dental Care - > Higher Risk Vision impairment - ANSWER: - Appointment modification:
- accessilibity
- Depedence on sound, speech, and touch Incoporate Braille or audio oral hygiene instruction
- "tell feel do" behavior management technique
- Dental implications
- ORal hygiene self care challenges
- increased caries, gingivitis, periodontitis risk Hearing Impairment - ANSWER: Appointment Modifications:
- Ask Patient How They Communication (Sign Language, Lip Reading, Etc)
- Remove Mask Or Use Clear Mask To Speak
- Patient May Want To Adjust Or Turn Off Hearing Aid During Treatment Dental Implications:
- Oral Hygiene Self-Care Challenges
- Increased Caries, Gingivitis, Periodontitis Risk Etiquette - ANSWER: 1. Be Respectful
2. Do Not Assume
3. Patience Is Key
4. Use Eye Level
ICADAS 4 - ANSWER: shadowing
- ICDAS 3, ICDAS 4, Interproximal classification- D2 - ANSWER: Moderate carious lesions ICDAS 5 - ANSWER: exposing dentin ICDAS 6 - ANSWER: cavitation exposing dentin more than 12 the tooth ICDAS 5, ICDAS 6, Interproximal classification D3 - ANSWER: Advanced carious lesions
- Saliva
- staying above cirtical pH
- Fluoride
- Oral Hygiene instructions - ANSWER: What are preventive factors we may use to slowstop progression of dental caries
- Flow Of Saliva
- Provide Buffering Capacity - Answer: Salivary Protective Factors
- fluoridated water is top 10 public health
- Fluorapaptite reduces critical pH to 4.
- Pros: more resistant to tooth demineralization
- Beneficial everyone especially to those without access to dental care - ANSWER: Fluoride
Temporalis - ANSWER: Upper Skull Jaw Masseter - ANSWER: Closes Jaw Lateral Pterygoid - ANSWER: Outside Jaw Medial Pterygoid - ANSWER: Elevates Mandible Inside Jaw
- Ophthalmic, Maxillary, Mandibular - ANSWER: Three Branches Of The Trigeminal Nerve Band placement - ANSWER: posterior disk band should be at 12 o clock position above the condyle Normal range is 40 - 60 mm
- If less than 35 mm, would be cosidered limited - ANSWER: normal mouth opening
- pt is able to close but there clicking - ANSWER: Anterior Disc displacement with reduction
- pt is unable to close and experiences locking
- results in TMJ pain - ANSWER: ANterior disc displacement without reduction Splenius Capitis/Cervicis - ANSWER: Pain can refer to top of head/eyes
