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BBH416 EXAM STUDY GUIDE
research - Answer -used to test a hypothesis and permit conclusions to be drawn -develop to generalized knowledge on a topic with formal protocol and set of procedures practice - Answer -interventions designed solely to enhance the well-being of an individual client or patient AND -that have a reasonable expectation of success** (evidence based) -purpose of medical and behavioral practice is to provide PREVENTATIVE treatment or therapy boundaries between practice and research - Answer -occur together; research designed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of a therapy -rule: if there is any element of research in a n activity, that activity should undergo review for the protection of human subjects justice - Answer -outcomes should benefit all groups equally, but treating people equally may not always result in equality -treat people with EQUITY to reach equality ethics - Answer code of thinking and behavior governed by a combination of personal, moral, legal, and social standards of what is right -falls under VALUES (and norms) part of culture -symbolism of a balance representing justice and equality ethical principles and guidelines for human subjects - Answer -belmont report -codes intended to assure that research involving human subject should be carried out in an ethical manner -standards set for physicians, scientists, and researchers (biomedical, social, involving human subjects) institutional review board - Answer -research must be approved by an IRB before it can be start -their job is to make sure the ethical standards are set what is the exception for people who do not have to go to the IRB - Answer -students collecting data (for a class) why do we need the belmont report - Answer -history of questionable ethics in past
research (tuskegee syphilis study, nuremberg trial) basic ethical principles from the code - Answer -respect for person: consent (3 types), autonomy, treated with dignity -beneficence (risk-benefit analysis, do no harm) -justice (equity and fairness) 3 types of consent - Answer -consent to sharing information -informed consent -community consent (gain consent of neighborhood before placing a homeless shelter) disclosure - Answer -to participants of the conditions of the programs -of participant information to other individuals -disclosure of any conflict of interest -includes: research procedure, purpose, risk and benefits, alternative procedures (choosing CBT instead of antidepressant), statement offering subject opportunity to ask questions what personal information should be provided so a subject can ask questions - Answer full name, email, phone number, etc volutariness - Answer -consent needs to be given free of coercion or undue influence confidentiality - Answer -no one will have access to records of participants with their permission -information may be shared among staff members for purpose of consultation -information may be shared with other programs in which the participant is involved anonymity vs confidentiality - Answer anonymity: fully anonymous and not know who the person is confidentiality: you know as a researcher but keep the information private grossly unethical behavior - Answer -don't abuse your position/exploit a participant -don't attempt an intervention in areas in which you're not trained or competent -sexual relationships -defrauding funders -discrimination in services
-photo voice/IG (gave kids cameras and they photographed their life from their point of view without someone unknown having to come into the environment) Continuous variables - Answer -numerical with value -age categorical variabeles - Answer -has categories -freshmen, sophomore, junior, senior -<18, 18-20, 21-23 would be categorical too because it is in groups operationalizing variables - Answer decide the way variable is going to be measured -ex: social connection, use structure, function, and quality to guide survey questions 2 components for sampling - Answer -random sample (everyone has an equal chance) -representative sample (represent the population) convenience sample - Answer a form of nonprobability sample using respondents who are convenient or readily accessible to the researcher — for example, employees, friends, or relatives (it is unlikely a BBH advisor would give us a list of every BBH students, so if that was the target population, we would have to use a convenience sample instead of random) health promotion planning model - Answer PRECEDE (health disparities and race, levels of analysis and types of data collection, health behavior theories and ethics) - PROCEED (assessing needs, setting goals and objectives, developing an intervention, implementing the intervention, evaluating the results) VMOSA - Answer vision, mission, objectives, strategies, action plans vision statement - Answer -a statement about ideal conditions or how things would look if the issue important to you were completely, perfectly addressed characteristics of vision statements (4) - Answer -understood and shared by members of the community -broad enough to include a variety of local perspectives -inspiring and uplifting to everyone involved in your effort -easy to communicate (on a t shirt)
mission statement - Answer -describes who they are, what the group is going to do, and why it is going to do that
guiding principles for mission statements (3) - Answer -concise: get point across in one sentence -outcome: explain fundamental outcomes that you are working to achieve -inclusive: broad statements about group's key goals
objectives - Answer -specific measurable steps that you must achieve to accomplish larger goals
SMART + C - Answer Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Relevant, Timed, and Challenging ** all objectives should include these**
types of objectives - Answer -behavioral/action/impact objective
- community-level/outcome objective -process/administrative objecte
behavioral objective - Answer -identify needed changes within the priority population -immediate IMPACT of program
community level outcome objective - Answer -identify long-term accomplishments -outcome on the quality of life indicators: morbidity, mortality rates
process objective - Answer -how are YOU going to do things -used to evaluate implementation of intervention
