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Definitions for essential vector calculus concepts: gradient, divergence, curl, and laplacian. The gradient represents the direction and magnitude of the greatest rate of change of a scalar field. Divergence measures the source or sink strength of a vector field. Curl describes the rotation of a vector field. Lastly, the laplacian is the second-order differential operator of the gradient of a scalar function.
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TERM 1
DEFINITION 1 The gradient of a scalar field is a vector field which points in the direction of the greatest rate of increase of the scalar field, and whose magnitude is the greatest rate of change. It is denoted by an upside-down Delta,. f(x,y,z) f=df/dx i + df/dy j + df/dz k TERM 2
DEFINITION 2 The divergence of a vector field is a scalar field hat measures the magnitude of the vector field's source or sink at a given point. It is denoted as the dot product of a gradient and the vector field. F(x,y,z) = Pi + Qk + Rj where P,Q,R are functions F = dP/dx + dQ/dy + dR/dz TERM 3
DEFINITION 3 The curl (or rotor) is a vector operator that describes the rotation of a vector field. It is denoted by the cross product of the gradient and the vector field. (d/dx i + d/dy j +d/dz k) X F This involves a matrix and I don't feel like typing it out... TERM 4
DEFINITION 4 The Laplace operator is a second order differential operator in the n-dimensional Euclidean space, defined as the divergence of the gradient of f. It is denoted by 2 or f(x,y,z) f = d2f/dx2+d2f/dy2+d2f/dz TERM 5
DEFINITION 5 A curve consists of the points through which a continuously moving point passes.