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AUXSEA Exam Questions & Answers |
100% Correct Answers | Verified | Latest
2024 Version
A fiberglass hull is composed of - ✔✔fiberglass strands and layers saturated with resin. List the four types of fiberglass reinforcing materials: - ✔✔
- Fiberglass Mat
- Fiberglass Cloth
- Woven Roven
- Chopped Strands The two types of resins used in fiberglass construction are - ✔✔polyester and epoxy. There are many substances added to boat building resins. - ✔✔They are used to harden the resin, control curing time and make the resin fire retardant. A male mold is known as a - ✔✔plug. A female mold is known as a - ✔✔cavity mold. The hand-layup and chopped-strand processes are used in a - ✔✔cavity mold. In the hand-layup and chopped-strand processes, - ✔✔the gel coat is applied to the inside of the mold first. In the matched-die method, - ✔✔the male and female molds are clamped together with a laminate between. What core materials are used in sandwich construction? - ✔✔Balsa wood Foamed Plastic Plywood
List the advantages of fiberglass-built boats. - ✔✔Fiberglass is: Impervious to marine borers. No seams or joints to leak. Color can be molded into the boat. Boats can be extremely strong. Fiberglass can be molded into almost any shape. List the disadvantages of fiberglass-built boats. - ✔✔Fiberglass is heavier than water Fiberglass hulls are very heavy Easy to cover shoddy workmanship What are the two general classes of wood? - ✔✔Hardwood Softwood. What are the principal considerations in the selection of various types of wood for boat building? - ✔✔Strength Decay resistance Availability List the advantages of steel for boat building. - ✔✔Higher strength-to-weight ratio than fiberglass, Highest strength-to-weight ration, High resistance to impact, Abrasion and fatigue resistance, Less noisy than all but wood, Resistant to fire. The disadvantage of steel for boat building is that - ✔✔it deteriorates easily without proper maintenance. Why must you put a layer of nonmetallic paint between the hull of an aluminum boat and a layer of copper bottom paint? - ✔✔Galvanic action will corrode the hull if the aluminum and copper touch. Note: Copper bottom paint is now illegal and not used. List the advantages of aluminum for boat building. Aluminum is: - ✔✔lightweight impervious to marine borers. List the disadvantages of aluminum for boat building. - ✔✔It is a good heat conductor so aluminum hulls sweat, It has a relatively low melting point and melts sooner than steel if there is a fire. It is noisy. The six types of steering systems are: - ✔✔Tiller Drum and Cable Sprocket and Chain Rack and Pinion Gear and Shaft Hydraulic The simplest steering system is - ✔✔the tiller.
The transverse seats in rowing craft are called thwarts the center of which is supported by - ✔✔the thwart stanchion. Describe the characteristics of the following sailboat types: - ✔✔Catboat A small boat with a single mast set far forward and only one sail. Sloop A boat with a single mast carrying a main sail and one sail forward. Ketch A vessel with two masts; the smaller mizzen is aft but forward of the rudderpost. Yawl A vessel with two masts; the small mizzen aft of the rudderpost Schooner A vessel with two or more fore- and-aft rigged masts with the aft mast larger than the other(s). The gross tonnage of a vessel is ________ - ✔✔A measurement of the entire capacity of a ship expressed as one gross ton for each 100 cubic feet of internal volume. What is the proper way to block up a hull? - ✔✔The weight of the boat should rest on the keel. The keel should rest on blocks to allow ventilation. Blocks should be every five feet and high enough to allow working space under the hull. Why shouldn't you allow the weight of the boat to rest on the shoring? - ✔✔Excessive strain on the hull can damage the boat. List the lay-up chores that must be done after the boat is hauled out. - ✔✔Clean bottom of all marine growth and animal life. Wash the hull with fresh water. Drain the water system and winterize it if necessary. (There is a very long list.) What is the purpose of allowing the boat to ventilate when it is layed up? - ✔✔Ventilation prevents condensation which can cause dry rot and mildew. The two types of marine growth are - ✔✔vegetable and animal. What are the two things that can happen to a wooden boat that is not protected against marine growths? - ✔✔Performance can be reduced. The hull can be weakened or destroyed. How does copper protect a boat's hull? - ✔✔Copper in salt water gives of poisonous salts which prevent adhesion of plant and animal life. Note: Copper hull paint is now illegal.
What should you consider when selecting a bottom paint for your boat? - ✔✔What metals in the boat will be influenced by the paint. What causes dry rot? - ✔✔A fungus that thrives on fresh water. A first indication of dry rot is its smell; - ✔✔a musty, moldy odor. List some of the places to look for dry rot in a wooden boat - ✔✔Dark damp places; Areas where fresh water can enter; Bilge, floor, planking around frames or deck, in the transom. When dry rot is found, - ✔✔it must be removed. How can you prevent dry rot? - ✔✔Keep out fresh water. Keep boat ventilated. Apply preservative to unpainted and unvarnished wood. What is the difference between galvanic action and electrolytic action? - ✔✔Electrolytic action requires an external electric current while galvanic action does not. Current will flow from - ✔✔the less noble metal during galvanic action metal to the more noble metal. What is the principle of using a sacrificial metal to minimize the effect of galvanic action? - ✔✔The sacrificial metal is destroyed instead of the more valuable metals. How can you prevent electrolytic action? - ✔✔Eliminate stray currents from power sources on your boat and on the dock (if near a dock.) The shaft train is made up of - ✔✔shaft log, shaft, strut, strut bearing and propeller.
connecting rods, crankshaft. The valves are opened by action of the camshaft which is driven off the crankshaft. - ✔✔the crankshaft The crankshaft is designed to change rotary to - ✔✔intermittent reciprocating motion to open the valves. The lubricating system in an internal combustion engine delivers oil to the moving parts to and to reduce friction and assist in cooling. - ✔✔reduce friction and assist in cooling. Marine engines are cooled by - ✔✔water. What are the parts of the induction (fuel) system of a gasoline engine? - ✔✔fuel tank, fuel pump, carburetor (if necessary), fuel lines and air passages. In the gasoline engine, the ratio of the fuel to air mixture is controlled by the - ✔✔metering jet in the carburetor. What is a rich mixture in a gasoline engine? - ✔✔One for which the ratio of fuel to air is larger than normal. What is a lean mixture? - ✔✔One for which the ratio of fuel to air is smaller than normal. The idling system provides a rich mixture for - ✔✔slow engine speeds and for starting. A typical ignition system of a gasoline engine consists of: - ✔✔induction (or ignition coil), mechanical breaker,
condenser, distributor, sparkplug for each cylinder and the necessary wiring. Note: This is outdated. Almost all ignition systems have electronic ignition which replaces everything except the sparkplugs and wiring in the list above. List the components in the primary ignition circuit of a gasoline engine. - ✔✔induction (or ignition) coil, mechanical breaker, condenser, battery, ignition switch, wires. Note: As mentioned above, this is outdated. List the components in the secondary ignition circuit of a gasoline engine. - ✔✔induction (or ignition) coil, distributor, spark plugs, wires The high voltage that produces the spark in the spark plug is produced in the - ✔✔induction (or ignition) coil. The two types of natural fiber rope generally available in marine supply stores are - ✔✔manila and cotton. The advantage of manila line are; - ✔✔it is readily available, relatively inexpensive, and very durable. Manila line will deteriorate if - ✔✔stowed wet. Cotton line has about____ the strength of manila line. - ✔✔half
Always match your line to its use. Protect your lines against abrasion. Keep chemicals away from your lines. Avoid sudden strains on your lines. Avoid excess wear. Store your lines properly. Avoid kinks in your lines. Always keep your lines clean. Do not run your lines over sharp angles. A Clove Hitch can be used to make a temporary fastening to a - ✔✔piling. To temporarily join two lines of different diameters, you use a - ✔✔becket bend (aka sheet bend). A splice is preferred when ________ joining two lines together. - ✔✔permanently A bowline is used when a temporary _______ is desired. - ✔✔loop To secure a lone to a log for towing, you would use a - ✔✔timber hitch. To secure a line to a piling, on a long term basis, the safest fastening to use would be - ✔✔a round turn with two half hitches. (FM says: bowline.) Explain the uses of stopper/rolling hitch. - ✔✔It can be used to maintain strain on a line when it is desirable to move the knot. It is sometimes used to convert a single towline into a bridle. When laying a long line down of the deck, where the full length must be run out fairly rapidly, - ✔✔the line should be faked. When might it become necessary to dip an eye on a bollard? - ✔✔When tying up next to a boat already tied to the same bollard and you expect the other boat's line to come off before yours.
A splice will cause_______ reduction in line strength than any knot. - ✔✔less Tie the following knots: - ✔✔square knot, bowline, round turn and two half hitches, clove hitch, double Becket/sheet bends and timber hitch. Make an eye splice. - ✔✔(24 and 25 require hands on action with appropriate line.) The part of the current that flows into the propeller is called - ✔✔suction screw current. When a right handed propeller is turning clockwise, the boat will go - ✔✔forward. Note: 'clockwise' as viewed from aft of the propeller. On a motorboat, turning the steering wheel to starboard gives the boat right rudder and - ✔✔throws the stern to port and turns the boat to starboard. The stern of a single screw boat with a left handed propeller tends to go to the____________when the propeller is reversing. - ✔✔starboard When is boat's rudder is put over, the stern is kicked in the opposite direction if the boat is - ✔✔moving forward. When backing an inboard with a single right hand propeller and rudder amidships, the stern will tend to move to - ✔✔port. Four mooring lines that may be attached to the bow of a boat for dock mooring are: - ✔✔#1 and #2 lines can be attached to the bow although
A 4 to 6 foot long plank hung horizontally on the side of the boat and backed with fenders is called a - ✔✔fenderboard. By going ahead on one engine while the other reverses, a twin screw boat can be - ✔✔turned or maneuvered in its own length. A twin-screw boat is stopped by reversing its propellers, but unlike a single-screw vessel, this will usually not move the stern - ✔✔sideways. A basic principle in maneuvering a twin screw boat, is to use the rudders primarily in relation to the - ✔✔direction of the vessel's movement through the water. The height of a wave is the distance measured vertically from - ✔✔the crest to the trough. The length of a wave is the distance between - ✔✔successive crests. The time it takes two wave crests to pass the same point is known as - ✔✔the period. What is fetch? - ✔✔The uninterrupted distance over which the wind blows the waves. The angular measure from the trough to the crest of a wave is the - ✔✔slope. Name two types of non-wind waves. - ✔✔Tidal seismic What is a swell? - ✔✔waves which are far from their source (PPT: waves after wind dies. No) Waves turn into ______ as they near the shore. - ✔✔surf
The two types of breaking waves and surf are - ✔✔plunger and spiller. (PPT: spiller•• roller. No) Bow wave and stern wave are the two types of waves that are caused by - ✔✔the passing of a motorboat. The stern wave is the most dangerous. List three ways that a dangerous cross sea can develop. - ✔✔1) Tidal current meeting an opposing wave system
- Two wave systems of different origin meeting at an angle
- Sudden wind shift so the wind blows against oncoming waves A boat with a high freeboard and super structure will be greatly affected by - ✔✔strong winds. A boat with a deep draft will be greatly affected by a - ✔✔strong current. List some of the elements that the effect of wind and current upon a boat depends. - ✔✔Strength of the wind Strength of the current Length of the boat Draft of the boat Freeboard of the boat Superstructure of the boat Direction of the wind relative to the boat's heading Direction of the current relative to the boat's heading Direction and strength of the current relative to that of the wind When running before the seas, if possible, the boat should be maintained on the ________ of the wave.
- ✔✔'back side' What is the purpose of a sea anchor? - ✔✔To slow the boat and control the direction of the boat relative to the wave direction List the steps to prepare for rough weather. - ✔✔1) Secure all hatches; close all ports and windows
- Pump bilges dry
The primary needs of safety in fog or other conditions of reduced visibility are - ✔✔to see and be seen, and to hear and be heard. One way to be "seen" in reduced visibility by vessels that have radar sets is to hoist - ✔✔a radar reflector To assist in righting a sailboat, the crew should - ✔✔haul in the sails and stand on the keel, holding on the gunwale. In preparing to refloat a stranded vessel, one of the obvious things to consider is the state of the - ✔✔tide. What could happen if you throw the engine immediately into reverse upon going aground? - ✔✔You could wash sand under the keel bedding the boat more firmly. You could suck debris into the engine. A stranded boat can use an anchor as a _______to help pull the boat free. - ✔✔kedge How you make an approach to a stranded boat depends on - ✔✔the wind and current. When attempting to tow off a stranded boat, use the - ✔✔trailering stem eye.or ski towing transom eye or other secure fastening such as sampson posts. If a stranded boat is held in place by suction, how can that suction be broken? - ✔✔Have the crew on the stranded boat move to rock the boat from side to side or bow to stern. You should always approach a burning vessel from - ✔✔upwind. When assisting a burning vessel, - ✔✔speed is essential. The four sides of the fire tetrahedron are - ✔✔fuel, heat, oxygen, chemical reaction. A Class A fire consists of ordinary combustibles such as wood, paper or cloth. and - ✔✔water should be used to extinguish it.
A Class B fire consists of flameable liquids such as gasoline and - ✔✔foam, CO2, Halon or dry chemicals should be used to extinguish it. A Class C fire takes place in electrical equipment and - ✔✔CO2, Halon or dry chemicals used to extinguish it. What type of hole can be plugged? - ✔✔Small holes which have a generally rounded shape. Plugs and patches are most effective when applied from - ✔✔the outside of the hull. List some of the materials that can be used for an emergency patch. - ✔✔Wood, cloth, rags, clothes, sails, floorboards, pieces of boxes, foul weather gear, mattresses, blankets, PFDs, foul weather gear. The anchor that is set out immediately on grounding is called a kedge; the act of using it to get the boat free is called kedging. - ✔✔ When using a portable pump, be certain the outlet is projecting - ✔✔over the side and the discharge is facing downwind. If a fire that takes place in an relatively confined space, you should - ✔✔close all openings such as hatches, doors, vents and ports to keep oxygen from feeding the flames. The U.S. Inland Navigation Rules are applicable inside the demarcation lines separating the - ✔✔inland and international waters. A Power Driven vessel is any vessel propelled by - ✔✔machinery. A sailing vessel using both sail and engine simultaneously is a __________ for the purposes of the Navigation Rules. - ✔✔power driven vessel Underway means - ✔✔"A vessel not anchored, made fast to the shore or aground.
crossing. (PPT: head-on •• meeting - wrong. Nav Rule14 title is 'head-on') A vessel in doubt must give the danger signal, - ✔✔five short & rapid blasts on her whistle. Under Inland Rules, 2 short blasts mean - ✔✔"I intend to leave you on my starboard side." If the bearing of an approaching vessel does not change appreciably, - ✔✔a risk of collision exists. Under Inland Rules, in a crossing situation, the vessel which has the other on own starboard side is the - ✔✔burdened vessel and must keep out of the way of the other. (Note: 'burdened' has been changed to 'give way'.) At night, the overtaking situation exists when the vessel approaching can not see either - ✔✔of the side lights of the vessel ahead. When two sailing vessels are approaching one another so as to involve the risk of collision and both have the wind on the same side, the vessel which is to windward shall - ✔✔keep out of the way of the vessel which is to leeward. When in or near an area of restricted visibility, a power driven vessel making way through the water must sound. - ✔✔one prolonged blast at intervals of not more than two minutes In an area of restricted visibility, a vessel at anchor must, - ✔✔at intervals of not more than one minute, ring the bell rapidly for about five seconds. The continuous sounding of a fog-signaling apparatus would indicate a - ✔✔vessel in distress. The lightweight type anchor is excellent in - ✔✔mud and sand bottoms. All gear, taken collectively, that lies between the boat and its anchor is called the - ✔✔rode.
The most widely used material for the anchor line is - ✔✔nylon. The three kinds of chains used as anchor rode are: - ✔✔BBB, proof coil, high test. (PPT omits BBB) Chain is designated by the diameter of the - ✔✔material in the links. The ideal rode for most average conditions is a combination of - ✔✔nylon and a short length chain. When anchoring under favorable weather and sea conditions, and using nylon line a scope of 5:1 might be considered a - ✔✔minimum. When anchoring, the anchor should not be lowered when the boat has any - ✔✔headway. If an anchor drags, the first step in trying to get it to hold is to - ✔✔increase scope. When chocks, bitts, cleats, and other fittings are used on deck they must be through-bolted and reinforced with a - ✔✔heavy backing plate. The type anchor traditionally used for permanent moorings is the - ✔✔mushroom anchor. Name two duties of a deck hand. - ✔✔line handling, fender stowing, tow watch. The navigator must be able to determine position and maintain a plot of course. - ✔✔ The crewman who takes care of the engines is called the - ✔✔engineer. What crew duty is required by law? - ✔✔Keep a lookout at all times underway. As a lookout, you are responsible for your - ✔✔assigned sector.
