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Explore the intricacies of the cardiovascular system, including the structure of the heart with its chambers, valves, and blood flow. Learn about common issues such as heart valve diseases, heart murmurs, and high blood pressure. Discover the role of pacemakers and their impact on patients' lives.
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Atria
The Heart
Valves
The Heart
Visuals
Pig Heart Enlarged Heart
Human Heart
Anatomy of a Heart
The heart has four chambers
The upper two are the right and left atria
The lower two are the right and left ventricles
Blood is pumped through the chambers, aided by four heart valves
The valves open and close to let the blood flow in only one direction
The tricuspid valve
The pulmonary or pulmonic valve
The mitral valve
The aortic valve
Heart valves don’t always work as they should.
A person can be born with an abnormal heart valve.
A valve can also become damaged by:
Infections
Rheumatic fever
Changes in valve structure
To fix a defective heart valve you have to have surgery. A number of durable and highly efficient artificial valves have been developed from animal parts, plastic, and metal. There are also newer surgical techniques to reconstruct defective heart valves. Physician scientists at Columbia are currently investigating the potential of a non-invasive procedure for mitral valve repair procedure known as Evalve.
Valves that don’t shut properly cause the regurgitation of blood back across the valve in the wrong direction.
Valves that won’t open properly is known as stenosis of the valve, which means that blood flow through the valve is limited.