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ATLS Post Test. MCQ Questions With Answers 20242024 Updated.pdf, Exams of Nursing

Walden UniversityNursing

ATLS Post Test. MCQ Questions With Answers 20242024 Updated.pdf

Typology: Exams

2023/2024

Available from 03/02/2024

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ATLS Post Test. MCQ Questions With
Answers 20242024 Updated
1. Which of the following signs is LEAST reliable for diagnosing esophageal intubation?
a. symmetrical chest wall movement
b. end-tidal CO2 presence by colorimetry
c. bilateral breath sounds
d. oxygen saturation >92%
e. ETT above carina on chest x-ray
2. Which of the following signs the necessitates a definitive airway in severe trauma patients?
a. fascial lacerations
b. repeated vomiting
c. severe maxillofacial fractures
d. sternal fracture
e. Glasgow Coma Scale score of 12
3. Twenty-seven patients are seriously injured in an aircraft crash at a local airport. The
principles of triage include:
a. establish a triage site within the internal perimeter of the crash site
b. treat only the most severely injured patients first
c. immediately transport all patients to the nearest hospital
d. treat the greatest number of patients in the shortest period of time
e. produce the greatest number of survivors based on available resources
4. Which of the following statements is correct?
a. Cerebral contusions may coalesce to form an intracerebral hematoma.
b. Epidural hematomas are usually seen in the frontal region.
c. Subdural hematomas are caused by injury to the middle meningeal artery.
d. Subdural hematomas typically have a lenticular shape on CT scan.
e. The associated brain damage is more severe in epidural hematomas.
5. An 18-ycar-old male is brought to the emergenc} department after having been shot.
He has one bullet wound just below the right clavicle and another just below the
costal margin in the right posterior axillary line. His blood pressure is110/60 mm Hg.
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ATLS Post Test. MCQ Questions With

Answers 20242024 Updated

  1. Which of the following signs is LEAST reliable for diagnosing esophageal intubation? a. symmetrical chest wall movement b. end-tidal CO2 presence by colorimetry c. bilateral breath sounds d. oxygen saturation >92% e. ETT above carina on chest x-ray
  2. Which of the following signs the necessitates a definitive airway in severe trauma patients? a. fascial lacerations b. repeated vomiting c. severe maxillofacial fractures d. sternal fracture e. Glasgow Coma Scale score of 12
  3. Twenty-seven patients are seriously injured in an aircraft crash at a local airport. The principles of triage include: a. establish a triage site within the internal perimeter of the crash site b. treat only the most severely injured patients first c. immediately transport all patients to the nearest hospital d. treat the greatest number of patients in the shortest period of time e. produce the greatest number of survivors based on available resources
  4. Which of the following statements is correct? a. Cerebral contusions may coalesce to form an intracerebral hematoma. b. Epidural hematomas are usually seen in the frontal region. c. Subdural hematomas are caused by injury to the middle meningeal artery. d. Subdural hematomas typically have a lenticular shape on CT scan. e. The associated brain damage is more severe in epidural hematomas.
  5. An 18 - ycar-old male is brought to the emergenc} department after having been shot. He has one bullet wound just below the right clavicle and another just below the costal margin in the right posterior axillary line. His blood pressure is110/60 mm Hg.

heart rate is 90 beats per minute, and respiratory rate is 34 breaths per minute. After ensuring a patent airway and inserting 2 large caliber IVlines., the next appropriate step is to: a. obtain a portable chest x-ray b. administer a bolus of additional IV fluid c. perform a laparotomy d. obtain an abdominal CT scan e. perform diagnostic peritoneal lavage

  1. A 47-year-old house painter is brought to the hospital after falling 6 meters (20 feet) from a ladder and landing straddled on a fence. Examination of his perineum reveals extensive ecchymosis. There is a blood in the external urethral meatus. The initial diagnostic study for the evaluation of the urinary tract in this patient should be: a. cystoscopy b. cystography c. intravenous pyelography d. CT scan e. retrograde urethrography
  2. Neurogenic shock has all of the following classic characteristics except which one? a. hypotension b. vasodilation c. bradycardia d. neurologic deficit e. narrowed pulse pressure
  3. Which one of the following statements is false concerning Rh isoimmunization in pregnant trauma patients? a. It occurs in blunt or penetrating abdominal trauma. b. It is produced by minor degrees of fetomaternal hemorrhage. c. Rh immunoglobulin therapy should be administered to pregnant females who have sustained a gunshot wound to the leg. d. This is not a problem in traumatized, Rh-positive pregnant patients. e. Initiation of Rh immunoglobulin therapy does not require proof of fetomaternal hemorrhage.
  4. An 18-year-old motorcyclist sustains massive facial injuries in a head-on crash with a pick-up truck. He is brought to the emergency department completely immobilized on a long spine board and wearing a cervical collar. His blood pressure is 150/88 mmHg, heart rate is 88 beats per minute and regular, and respiratory rate is 26 breaths per minute. His respirations are labored and sonorous. His Glasgow Coma Scale score is 7. Attempts at orotracheal intubation with manual inline stabilization of the c-spine are unsuccessful due to bleeding and distorted anatomy. The patient becomes apneic. The best procedure for airway management in this situation is: a. nasotracheal intubation

118 mmHg (15,7 kPa), PaCO2 is 30 mmhg (4,0 kPa), and pH is 7,21. The treatment of his acid- base disorder is best accomplished by: a. hyperventilation b. restoration of normal perfusion c. initiation of low-dose dopamine d. administration of sodium bicarbonate e. initiation of phenylephrine infusion

  1. Which of the following should be performed first in any patient whose injuries may include multiple closed extremity fractures? a. A thorough assessment of four limb perfusion. b. Maneuvers to prevent necrosis of the skin. c. Extremity compartment syndrome release. d. Ensuring adequate oxygenation and ventilation. e. Evaluation for occult crush syndrome.
  2. A 30-year-old male sustains a gunshot wound to the right lower chest, midway between the nipple and the costal margin. He is brought by ambulance to a hospital that has full surgical capabilities. In the emergency department he is endotracheally intubated, 2 liters of crystalloid solution are infused rapidly through two large-caliber IV lines, and a closed tube thoracostomy is performed with the return of 200 mL of blood. A chest x-ray reveals correct placement of the chest tube and a small residual hemothorax. His blood pressure is now 70/0 mmHg, and his heart rate is 140 beat per minute. The most appropriate next step in managing this patient is to: a. insert a second chest tube b. obtain a CT scan of the abdomen c. perform a thoracotomy in the emergency department d. perform a laparotomy in the operating room e. perform a FAST exam
  3. You are treating a trauma patient and attempt a definitive airway by intubation. However, the vocal cords are not visible. What tool would be the most valuable for achieving successful intubation? a. gum elastic bougie b. lateral cervical spine x-ray c. nasopharyngeal airway d. oxygen e. laryngeal mask airway
  4. A 79-year-old female is involved in a motor vehicle crash and presents to the emergency department. She is on Coumadin and a beta-blocker. Which of the following statements is true concerning her management? a. The risk of subdural hemorrhage is decreased.

b. Absensce of tachycardia indicates that the patient is hemodynamically normal. c. Non-operative management of abdominal injuries is more likely to be successful in older adults than in younger patients. d. Vigorous fluid resuscitation may be associated with cardiorespiratory failure e. Epinephrine should be infused immediately for hypotension

  1. A 22 - year-old male is brought by ambulance to a small community hospital after falling from the top of a 2.4-meter (8-foot) ladder. Initially, he was found to have a large right pneumothorax. A chest tube was inserted and connected to an underwater seal drainage collection system with negative pressure. A repeat AP portable chest x-ray demonstrates a residual, large right pneumothorax. After transferring the patient to a verified trauma center, a third chest x-ray reveals a persistent right pneumothorax. The chest tube appears to be funcioning and in good position. He remains hemodynamically normal with no signs of respiratory distress. The most likely cause for his persistent right pneumothorax is: a. flail chest b. diaphragmatic injury c. pulmonary contusion d. esophageal perforation e. tracheobronchial injury
  2. A 22-year-old female who is 6 months pregnant presents following a motor vehicle crash. Paramedics report vaginal bleeding. What is the initial step in her treatment? a. assess fetal heart sounds b. check for fetal movement c. perform inspection of the cervic d. ask the patient what her name is e. insert a wedge under the patient's right hip
  3. A construction worker falls from a scaffold and is transferred to the emergency department. His heart rate is 124 and blood pressure is 85/60 mmHg. He complains of lower abdominal pain. After assessing the airway and chest, immobilizing the c-spine, and initiating fluid resuscitation, the next step is to perform: a. FAST exam b. detailed neurological exam c. rectal exam d. cervical spine x-ray e. urethral catheterization
  4. A 22-year-old male sustains a shotgun wound to the left shoulder and chest at close range. His blood pressure is 80/40 mmHg, and his heart rate is 130 beats per minute. After 2 liters of crystalloid solution are rapidly infused, his blood pressure increases to 122/84 mmHg, and heart rate decreases to 100 beats per minute. He is tahypneic, with a respiratory rate of 28 breaths per

c. renal failure d. injudicious bicarbonate administration e. insufficient sodium chloride administration

  1. A 17-year-old female is brought to the emergency department following a 2-meter (6 foot) fall onto concrete. She is unresponsive and found to have a respiratory rate of 32, blood pressure of 90/60 mmHg, and heart rate of 68. The first step in treatment is: a. administering vasopressors b. establishing IV access for drug-assisted intubation c. seeking the cause of her decreased level of consciousness d. applying oxygen and maintaining airway e. excluding hemorrhage as a cause of shock
  2. Which one of the following statements is true regarding diagnostic peritoneal lavage? a. DPL has no utility in the diagnosis of diaphragmatic rupture b. DPL should be performed whenever an indication for laparotomy is present. c. DPL has a high specificity. d. DPL can be used for diagnosing retroperitoneal injuries. e. DPL has a high sensitivity.
  3. Which one of the following signs is associated with class II hemorrhagic shock (estimated blood loss of 750 - 1500 mL)? a. heart rate above 140 beats per minute b. urine output less than 15 mL per hour c. respiratory rate above 35 breaths per minute d. decreased diastolic blood pressure e. normal systolic blood pressure
  4. Neurogenic shock is: a. diagnoses by the presence of flaccid paralysis b. caused by brain injury c. due to acute hemorrhage d. due to decreased vascular resistance e. initially managed with vasopressor therapy
  5. a 23-year-old male is admitted to the emergency department directly after sustaining full- thickness burns to his head, arms, and upper torso, totaling 50% of his total body surface area. He weighs 80 kg (185 pounds). His blood pressure is 105/75 mmHg and heart rate is 135 beats per minute. A urinary catheter is inserted with the return of 20 mL of dark amber urine. He has received 1000 mL of Ringer's lactate solution since the time of his injury. Using the Parkland

formula as a guide, his estimated crystalloid fluid resuscitation volume per hour for the next 8 hours should be: a. 667 mL b. 875 mL c. 1000 mL d. 1800 mL e. 2000 mL

  1. A 34-year-old female involved in a motor vehicle crash is brought to the emergency department. She is talking, but her voice is hoarse and on exposure she has diagonal bruising of the chest and anterior neck. What is the next step? a. direct laryngoscopy to exclude laryngeal trauma b. oxygen by non-rebreathing mask c. protect the spine by making her lie down d. palpation of the anterior neck e. attach a pulse oxymeter to her finger
  2. Compared with adults, children have: a. a longer, wider, funnel-shaped airway b. a less pliable, calcified skeleton c. lower incidence of bony injury with neurogenic shock d. a relatively smaller head and larger jaw e. anterior displacement of C5 on C
  3. A 30-year-old male presents following a motor vehicle crash. Vital signs areL respiratory rate 18, heart rate 88, blood pressure 130/72 mmHg, and Glasgow Coma Scale score 13. Laparotomy is indicated when: a. there is a distinct seat belt sign over the abdomen b. the CT scan demostrates a grade 4 hepatic injury c. there is evidence of an extraperitoneal bladder injury d. CT demonstrates retroperitoneal air e. the abdomen is distended with localized right upper quadrant tenderness
  4. A 20-year-old male is brought to the hospital approximately 30 minutes after being stabbed in the chest. There is a 3-centimeter wound just medial to the left nipple. His blood pressure is 70/33 mmHg, and heart rate is 140. Neck and arm veins are distended. Breath sounds are normal. Heart sounds are diminished. IV access has been established and warm crystalloid is infusing. The next most important aspect of immediate management is: a. CT scan of the chest b. 12 - lead ECG c. left tube thoracostomy d. begin infusion of packed RBCs
  1. A young male patient is brought to the emergency department following a 5-meter (16-foot) fall from a roof. He responds to pain by pushing away your hand, opening his eyes, and verbalizing inappropriate words. Pupils are equal. The most important step in management of this patient would be: a. immediate intubation to protect his airway b. administer 25 mg/kg IV bolus mannitol c. insert two large-bore IVs d. alcohol and drug screening e. determine whether amnesia is present and, if so, for what period of time
  2. In a patient with a spinal cord injury, sacral sparing: a. refers to a fracture of the sacrum b. is part of the spinal shock syndrome c. is a good prognostic sign d. is diagnostic of a Power's ratio < e. occurs only with complete transection of the lumbosacral spinal cord

Kunci Jawaban:

  1. E 6. E 11. A 16. A 21. E 26. D 31. B 36. B
  2. C 7. E 12. B 17. D 22. D 27. E 32. C 37. D
  3. E 8. C 13. B 18. E 23. D 28. E 33. D 38. A
  4. A 9. C 14. D 19. D 24. C 29. E 34. E 39. A
  5. A 10. C 15. D 20. A 25. B 30. B 35. C 40. C