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ATI teas Study manual 2022-2023 Practice test 2 questions well solved and updated 2025. Qs Cortisol - n Ans✔ stress hormone released by the adrenal cortex Qs Innate defenses are - n Ans✔ skin, mucus, secretions, chemicals Qs natural killer cells (NK cells) - n Ans✔ pursue diseased cells (such as those infected by viruses or cancer) Qs Helper T cells - n Ans✔ look for APCs, induce cytotoxic T cells. or induces B cell to make specific antibody Qs Cytotoxic T cells - n Ans✔
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Qs Cortisol - n Ans✔ stress hormone released by the adrenal cortex Qs Innate defenses are - n Ans✔ skin, mucus, secretions, chemicals Qs natural killer cells (NK cells) - n Ans✔ pursue diseased cells (such as those infected by viruses or cancer) Qs Helper T cells - n Ans✔ look for APCs, induce cytotoxic T cells. or induces B cell to make specific antibody
Qs Cytotoxic T cells - n Ans✔ destroy pathogens and release chemicals called cytokines, activated by Helper T cells Qs AIDS mechanism - n Ans✔ stops helper T cells from activating Cytotoxic T cells Qs what cell is triggered in a allergic reaction - n Ans✔ mast cells Qs types of bones - n Ans✔ long, short, flat, irregular Qs Osteoblasts - n Ans✔ replace cartilage and secrete mineral deposits that form bone Qs osteoclasts - n
sister chromatids separate Qs DNA vs RNA structure - n Ans✔ DNA has 2'-H (no O on 2') while RNA has 2'-OH; DNA has thymine - RNA has uracil; Qs transcription - n Ans✔ (genetics) the organic process whereby the DNA sequence in a gene is copied into mRNA in the nucleus Qs translation - n Ans✔ Process by which mRNA is decoded and a protein is produced in the cytoplasm Qs The vertical columns on the periodic table are called - n Ans✔ groups(or family) Qs The horizontal columns on the periodic table are called - n Ans✔ periods
Qs orbital shells from left to right - n Ans✔ s,d,p Qs intensive physical properties - n Ans✔ density, boiling point, Qs extensive physical properties - n Ans✔ mass, volume, length, shape Qs cohesive - n Ans✔ sticking together Qs solvent vs solute - n Ans✔ solute is dissolved by the solvent Qs
Ans✔ pacemaker, can contract without signal from the brain Qs Purjinke fibers - n Ans✔ fiber running down to the ventricles, if not stimulated from SA node, will contract but at a slower version than if were stimulated Qs embolus - n Ans✔ A clot that breaks lose and travels through the bloodstream. Qs an embolus can result in - n Ans✔ myocardial infarction, TIA(transient ischemic attack), pulmonary embolism Qs in muscle contractions what shortens - n Ans✔ sarcomere Qs Z disc - n Ans✔
Separates the sarcomeres from each other Qs H zone - n Ans✔ The region at the center of an A band of a sarcomere that is made up of myosin only. The H zone gets shorter (and may disappear) during muscle contraction. Qs M line - n Ans✔ middle of sarcomere Qs Cerebellum function - n Ans✔ Balance and coordination Qs cerebrum function - n Ans✔ thinking, personality, sensations, movements, memory Qs ACh mechanism - n Ans✔ releases NA ions
Qs Where is ATP needed in muscle contraction? - n Ans✔ to initially bind filaments for contraction, then another atp to relax the muscle Qs ceruminous glands - n Ans✔ modified sweat glands, located in external ear canal, secretes cerumen (earwax) Qs arrector pili muscle function - n Ans✔ contract when body is cold to cause the hair to stand up straight on the skin Qs Merkel cells - n Ans✔ touch receptors Qs Langerhans cells - n Ans✔ epidermal macrophages that help activate the immune system Qs layers of epidermis - n
Ans✔ stratum basale, stratum spinosum, stratum granulosum, stratum lucidum, stratum corneum Qs what layer of epidermis is missing from hands and feet - n Ans✔ stratum lucidum Qs Meissner corpuscle (tactile corpuscle) - n Ans✔ receptor in the skin that responds to light touch Qs Pacinian corpuscles - n Ans✔ respond to deep pressure and vibration Qs order of transport of urine from collecting ducts to urethrea - n Ans✔ collecting ducts, renal pelvis, minor calycs, major calycs, ureter, urinary bladder, urethra Qs what are normally reabsorbed in the proximal portion of the renal tubules - n Ans✔
bilirubin(high concentration Albumin Qs Which of the following is the correct path of blood from the abdominal aorta to the inferior vena cava (IVC)? - n Ans✔ abdominal aorta - renal arteries - segmental arteries - interlobar arteries - arcuate arteries
Qs Blood sugar antagonist hormones - n Ans✔ glucagon inc insulin dec Qs Anatomical Position - n Ans✔ The erect position of the body with the face directed forward, the arms at the side, and the palms of the hands facing forward, used as a reference in describing the relation of body parts to one another. Qs Anatomical planes - n Ans✔
Ans✔ expansibility of the lung Qs what condition causes increase lung compliance? - n Ans✔ Emphysema Qs how does the medulla control respiration - n Ans✔ monitors pH and CO2 levels Qs if pH decrease, will respiration rates increase or decrease? Why? - n Ans✔ increase, needs to exchange more gas bc there is a lot of CO Qs Path air takes: - n Ans✔ Nasal opening -> nasal cavity ->pharynx ->primary bronchi -> bronchioles -
alveoli("grapes") Qs Type II alveolar cells secrete ________.; function? - n Ans✔
surfactant(lipoprotein), reduces surface tension Qs heart location, and causes what lung to be SMALLER? - n Ans✔ mediastinum, left lung smaller Qs how many lobes in each lung - n Ans✔ Left: 2 Right: 3 Qs tough, protective membrane called what protects the lungs - n Ans✔ pleura Qs passive transport used in the lungs - n Ans✔ diffusion Qs rate of diffusion in lungs is proportional to; inversely proportional? - n Ans✔ surface area and concentration; distance
granulocytes and agranulocytes Qs Granulocytes - n Ans✔ neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils Qs Agranulocytes - n Ans✔ lymphocytes and monocytes Qs lymph nodes function and location - n Ans✔ function as a filter with white blood cells for pathogens, enriched areas are seen in oral nasal and genital regions Qs mechanical digestion order - n Ans✔ teeth in mouth, smooth muscle in stomach, Qs chemical digestion order - n Ans✔ amylase and lipase in mouth, chyme in stomach mixes,
Qs Three main secretions of the stomach - n Ans✔ HCl, mucus, Pepsinogen Qs which sphincter stops bolus from returning to the esophagus - n Ans✔ esophageal(cardiac) sphincter Qs how is chyme neutralized when in the duodenum - n Ans✔ bicarbonate secretions from pancreas, and alkaline bile from the gallbladder. also recieves brush border enzymes Qs pancreatic exocrine function - n Ans✔ Production of lipase, amylase, and trypsin produces bicarbonate Qs pancreatic endocrine function - n Ans✔ Production of glucagon and insulin
