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An ati pharmacology exam study guide, covering a wide range of topics related to different classes of medications, their mechanisms of action, adverse effects, and management. It provides detailed information on topics such as beta blockers, benzodiazepines, antidepressants, antipsychotics, and various other drug classifications. The study guide also includes definitions of key pharmacological terms, as well as information on drug administration, monitoring, and management of adverse effects. This comprehensive study guide could be a valuable resource for nursing students preparing for the ati pharmacology exam or anyone interested in expanding their knowledge of pharmacology.
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Medications with the suffix '-olol' typically belong to the class of Beta Blockers. Medications with the suffix 'epam' typically belong to the class of Benzodiazepines. Medications with the suffix '-setron' typically belong to the class of 5- HT3 Antagonists. Medications with the suffix '-statin' typically belong to the class of HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors. Medications with the suffix '-mab' typically belong to the class of Monoclonal antibodies. Medications with the suffix '-pril' typically belong to the class of Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors.
Loading Dose : A large initial dose used when immediate drug response is desired. Tachyphylaxis : A rapid decrease in response to a drug. SMART Goal : Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Realistic, and Timed.
Cholinergic drugs affect the body in the following ways: - Eyes: Constrict pupils - Lungs: Constrict bronchioles and increase secretions - Heart: Decrease heart rate - Blood Vessels: Dilate blood vessels - GI system: Increase peristalsis - Bladder: Constrict bladder - Salivary Gland: Increase salivation
Adrenergic drugs affect the body in the following ways: - Eyes: Dilate pupils
Adrenergic drugs stimulate the Sympathetic Nervous System, also known as the 'Fight or Flight' system. Cholinergic drugs stimulate the Parasympathetic Nervous System, also known as the 'Rest and Digest' system.
Infiltration : When medication leaks into the surrounding tissue rather than into the vein. Suffix '-olytic' : Blocking or 'Anti-'. Adverse Effects of Atropine (an Anti-Cholinergic) : Can't see, can't spit, can't pee, can't poop.
Barbiturates : Sedative-Hypnotics, also known as 'Downers'. Medications with the suffix '-barbital' belong to this class. Antidote for Barbiturate Toxicity : Activated charcoal. Indications for Barbiturates : Epilepsy, inability to sleep. Benzodiazepines : Anti-Anxiety and Hypnotics, also known as 'Downers'. Medications with the suffix '-am' belong to this class. How Benzodiazepines Work : By keeping GABA (the body's natural anti-anxiety neurotransmitter) going. Antidote for Benzodiazepine Toxicity : Romazicon (flumazenil). Caution should be taken when administering Romazicon, as it is highly irritating to veins and can cause extravasation (leakage outside the intended area).
Phenytoin : Anti-Seizure medication, also known as Complementary Alternative Medicine (CAM). Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors (MAOIs) : Restriction on foods containing tyramine to avoid hypertensive crisis. Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome (with Anti-Psychotics) : Symptoms include muscle rigidity, sudden high fever, blood pressure fluctuations, tachycardia, altered mental status, seizures, and potential respiratory failure or coma. Treatment includes immediately stopping the anti-psychotic, hydration, cooling, antipyretics, benzodiazepines, and muscle relaxants. Controlled Substances (I, II, III, IV, V) : Rated from most addictive (I) to least addictive (V). Opiates : Adverse effects include hypotension, constipation, and urinary retention. The antidote for opiate overdose is naloxone. Acetaminophen (APAP) Overdose : The antidote is Mucomyst. Steroid Therapy Adverse Effects : Hyperglycemia, fluid retention, hypokalemia, GI irritation, bleeding tendencies, osteoporosis, adrenal atrophy, muscle wasting, and Cushing's syndrome. Serotonin Syndrome : Symptoms include agitation, confusion, fever, and rigidity. SSRI Risks : Slow therapeutic effect, tremors before positive effects, and potential serotonin syndrome. Suffix '-ine' : Indicates antidepressants and SSRIs, which have anti- cholinergic effects.