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ATI FUNDAMENTALS CHAPTER 1-
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS LATEST
REVISED UPDATE 2025 GRADED A+
Chapter 1 - Health care delivery systems A nurse is discussing restorative health care with a newly licensed nurse. Which of the following examples should the nurse include in the teaching? (Select all that apply.) A. Home health care B. Rehabilitation facilities C. Diagnostic centers D. Skilled nursing facilities E. Oncology centers - Solution A, B, D A nurse is explaining the various types of health care coverage clients might have to a group of nursing students. Which of the following health care financing mechanisms are federally funded? (Select all that apply.) A. Preferred provider organization (PPO) B. Medicare C. Long-term care insurance D. Exclusive provider organization (EPO) E. Medicaid - Solution B, E A nurse manager is developing strategies to care for the increasing number of clients who have obesity. Which of the following actions should the nurse include as a primary health care strategy? A. Collaborating with providers to perform obesity screenings during routine office visits B. Ensuring the availability of specialized beds in rehabilitation centers for clients who have obesity C. Providing specialized intraoperative training regarding surgical treatments for obesity D. Educating acute care nurses on postoperative complications related to obesity - Solution A
A nurse is discussing the purpose of regulatory agencies during a staff meeting. Which of the following tasks should the nurse identify as the responsibility of state licensing boards? A. Monitoring evidence-based practice for clients who have a specific diagnosis B. Ensuring that health care providers comply with regulations C. Setting quality standards for accreditation of health care facilities D. Determining if medications are safe for administration to clients - Solution B A nurse is explaining the various levels of health care services to a group of newly licensed nurses. Which of the following examples of care or care settings should the nurse classify as tertiary care? (Select all that apply.) A. Intensive care unit B. Oncology treatment center C. Burn center D. Cardiac rehabilitation E. Home health care - Solution A, B, C Chapter 2 - Solution Interprofessional team A nurse is caring for a group of clients on a medical-surgical unit. For which of the following client care needs should the nurse initiate a referral for a social worker? (Select all that apply.) A. A client who has terminal cancer requests hospice care in her home. B. A client asks about community resources available for older adults. C. A client states that she wants her child baptized before surgery. D. A client requests an electric wheelchair for use after discharge. E. A client states that he does not understand how to use a nebulizer. - Solution A, B, D A goal for a client who has difficulty with self-feeding due to rheumatoid arthritis is to use adaptive devices. The nurse caring for the client should initiate a referral to which of the following members of the interprofessional care team?
Chapter 3 - Solution Ethical responsibilities A nurse is caring for a client who decides not to have surgery despite significant blockages in his coronary arteries. The nurse understands that this client's choice is an example of which of the following ethical principles? A. Fidelity B. Autonomy C. Justice D. Nonmaleficence - Solution B A nurse offers pain medication to a client who is postoperative prior to ambulation. The nurse understands that this aspect of care delivery is an example of which of the following ethical principles? A. Fidelity B. Autonomy C. Justice D. Beneficence - Solution D A nurse is instructing a group of nursing students about the responsibilities organ donation and procurement involve. When the nurse explains that all clients waiting for a kidney transplant have to meet the same qualifications, the students should understand that this aspect of care delivery is an example of which of the following ethical principles? A. Fidelity B. Autonomy C. Justice D. Nonmaleficence - Solution C A nurse questions a medication prescription as too extreme in light of the client's advanced age and unstable status. The nurse understands that this action is an example of which of the following ethical principles? A. Fidelity B. Autonomy C. Justice D. Nonmaleficence - Solution D
A nurse is instructing a group of nursing students about how to know and what to expect when ethical dilemmas arise. Which of the following situations should the students identify as an ethical dilemma? A. A nurse on a medical-surgical unit demonstrates signs of chemical impairment. B. A nurse overhears another nurse telling an older adult client that if he doesn't stay in bed, she will have to apply restraints. C. A family has conflicting feelings about the initiation of enteral tube feedings for their father, who is terminally ill. D. A client who is terminally ill hesitates to name her spouse on her durable power of attorney form. - Solution C Chapter 4 - Legal responsibilities A nurse observes an assistive personnel (AP) reprimanding a client for not using the urinal properly. The AP tells him she will put a diaper on him if he does not use the urinal more carefully next time. Which of the following torts is the AP committing? A. Assault B. Battery C. False imprisonment D. Invasion of privacy - Solution A A nurse is caring for a competent adult client who tells the nurse that he is thinking about leaving the hospital against medical advice. The nurse believes that this is not in the client's best interest, so she prepares to administer a PRN sedative medication the client has not requested along with his usual medication. Which of the following types of tort is the nurse about to commit? A. Assault B. False imprisonment C. Negligence D. Breach of confidentiality - Solution B A nurse in a surgeon's office is providing preoperative teaching for a client who is scheduled for surgery the following week. The client tells the nurse
B. Blood pressure from the previous day C. Bone scan scheduled for today D. Medication routine from the medication administration record - Solution C A nurse is discussing the HIPAA Privacy Rule with nurses during new employee orientation. Which of the following information should the nurse include? (Select all that apply.) A. A single electronic records password is provided for nurses on the same unit. B. Family members should provide a code prior to receiving client health information. C. Communication of client information can occur at the nurses' station. D. A client can request a copy of her medical record. E. A nurse may photocopy a client's medical record for transfer to another facility. - Solution B, C, D A nurse is reviewing documentation with a group of newly licensed nurses. Which of the following legal guidelines should be followed when documenting in a client's record? (Select all that apply.) A. Cover errors with correction fluid, and write in the correct information. B. Put the date and time on all entries. C. Document objective data, leaving out opinions. D. Use as many abbreviations as possible. E. Wait until the end of the shift to document. - Solution B, C A nurse is discussing occurrences that require completion of an incident report with a newly licensed nurse. Which of the following should the nurse include in the teaching? (Select all that apply). A. Medication error B. Needlesticks C. Conflict with provider and nursing staff D. Omission of prescription E. Complaint from a client's family member - Solution A, B, D
A nurse is receiving a provider's prescription by telephone for morphine for a client who is reporting moderate to severe pain. Which of the following nursing actions are appropriate? (Select all that apply.) A. Repeat the details of the prescription back to the provider. B. Have another nurse listen to the telephone prescription. C. Obtain the provider's signature on the prescription within 24 hr. D. Decline the verbal prescription because it is not an emergency situation. E. Tell the charge nurse that the provider has prescribed morphine by telephone. - Solution A, B, C Chapter 6 - Solution Delegation and supervision A nurse on a medical-surgical unit has received change-of-shift report and will care for four clients. Which of the following client's needs should the nurse assign to an assistive personnel (AP)? A. Feeding a client who was admitted 24 hr ago with aspiration pneumonia B. Reinforcing teaching with a client who is learning to walk using a quad cane C. Reapplying a condom catheter for a client who has urinary incontinence D. Applying a sterile dressing to a pressure ulcer - Solution C A nurse manager of a medical-surgical unit is assigning care responsibilities for the oncoming shift. A client is awaiting transfer back to the unit from the PA CU following thoracic surgery. To which of the following staff members should the nurse assign this client? A. Charge nurse B. RN C. Practical nurse (PN) D. Assistive personnel (AP) - Solution B A nurse is delegating the ambulation of a client who had knee arthroplasty 5 days ago to an AP. Which of the following information should the nurse share with the AP? (Select all that apply.) A. The roommate ambulates independently. B. The client ambulates with his slippers on over his antiembolic stockings.
A newly licensed nurse is reporting to the charge nurse about the care she gave to a client. She states, "The client said his leg pain was back, so I checked his medical record, and he last received his pain medication 6 hours ago. The prescription reads every 4 hours PRN for pain, so I decided he needs it. I asked the unit nurse to observe me preparing and administering it. I checked with the client 40 minutes later, and he said his pain is going away." The charge nurse should inform the newly licensed nurse that she left out which of the following steps of the nursing process? A. Assessment B. Planning C. Intervention D. Evaluation - Solution A A charge nurse is reviewing the steps of the nursing process with a group of nurses. Which of the following data should the charge nurse identify as objective data? (Select all that apply.) A. Respiratory rate is 22/min with even, unlabored respirations. B. The client's partner states, "He said he hurts after walking about 10 minutes." C. Pain rating is 3 on a scale of 0 to 10 D. Skin is pink, warm, and dry. E. The assistive personnel reports the client walked with a limp. - Solution A, D, E A charge nurse is talking with a newly licensed nurse and is reviewing nursing interventions that do not require a provider's prescription. Which of the following interventions should the charge nurse include? (Select all that apply.) A. Writing a prescription for morphine sulfate as needed for pain. B. Inserting a nasogastric (NG) tube to relieve gastric distention. C. Showing a client how to use progressive muscle relaxation. D. Performing a daily bath after the evening meal. E. Repositioning a client every 2 hr to reduce pressure ulcer risk. - Solution C, D, E
A nurse is discussing the nursing process with a newly hired nurse. Which of the following statements by the newly hired nurse should the nurse identify as appropriate for the planning step of the nursing process? A. "I will determine the most important client problems that we should address." B. "I will review the past medical history on the client's record to get more information." C. "I will go carry out the new prescriptions from the provider." D. "I will ask the client if his nausea has resolved." - Solution A Chapter 8 - Solution Critical thinking and clinical judgment A nurse is caring for a client who is 24 hr postoperative following an inguinal hernia repair. The client is tolerating clear liquids well, has active bowel sounds, and is expressing a desire for "real food." The nurse tells the client that she will call the surgeon and ask. The surgeon hears the nurse's report and prescribes a full liquid diet. The nurse used which of the following levels of critical thinking? A. Basic B. Commitment C. Complex D. Integrity - Solution A A nurse receives a prescription for an antibiotic for a client who has cellulitis. The nurse checks the client's medical record, discovers that she is allergic to the antibiotic, and calls the provider to request a prescription for a different antibiotic. Which of the following critical thinking attitudes did the nurse demonstrate? A. Fairness B. Responsibility C. Risk taking D. Creativity - Solution B A nurse is caring for a client who is 24 hr postoperative following abdominal surgery. The nurse suspects the client's pain management is inadequate. Which of the following data reinforce this suspicion? (Select all that apply.)
C. Review medical prescriptions. D. Develop a plan of care. - Solution A A nurse is admitting a client who has acute cholecystitis to a medical-surgical unit. Which of the following actions are essential steps of the admission procedure? (Select all that apply.) A. Explain the roles of other care delivery staff. B. Begin discharge planning. C. Provide information about advance directives. D. Document the client's wishes about organ donation. E. Introduce the client to his roommate. - Solution A, B, C, E A nurse is caring for a client who had a stroke and is scheduled for transfer to a rehabilitation center. Which of the following tasks are the responsibility of the nurse at the transferring facility? (Select all that apply.) A. Ensure that the client has possession of his valuables. B. Confirm that the rehabilitation center has a room available at the time of transfer. C. Assess how the client tolerates the transfer. D. Give a verbal transfer report via telephone. E. Complete a transfer form for the receiving facility. - Solution A, B, D, E A nurse is preparing the discharge summary for a client who has had knee arthroplasty and is going home. Which of the following information about the client should the nurse include in the discharge summary? (Select all that apply.) A. Advance directives status B. Follow-up care C. Instructions for diet and medications D. Most recent vital sign data E. Contact information for the home health care agency - Solution B, C, E As part of the admission process, a nurse at a long-term care facility is gathering a nutrition history for a client who has dementia. Which of the following components of the nutrition evaluation is the priority for the nurse to determine from the client's family?
A. Body mass index B. Usual times for meals and snacks C. Favorite foods D. Any difficulty swallowing - Solution D Chapter 10 - Solution Medical and surgical asepsis When entering a client's room to change a surgical dressing, a nurse notes that the client is coughing and sneezing. Which of the following actions should the nurse take when preparing the sterile field? A. Keep the sterile field at least 6 ft away from the client's bedside. B. Instruct the client to refrain from coughing and sneezing during the dressing change. C. Place a mask on the client to limit the spread of micro-organisms into the surgical wound. D. Keep a box of facial tissues nearby for the client to use during the dressing change. - Solution C A nurse has removed a sterile pack from its outside cover and placed it on a clean work surface in preparation for an invasive procedure. Which of the following flaps should the nurse unfold first? A. The flap closest to the body B. The right side flap C. The left side flap D. The flap farthest from the body - Solution D A nurse is wearing sterile gloves in preparation for performing a sterile procedure. Which of the following objects can the nurse touch without breaching sterile technique? (Select all that apply.) A. A bottle containing a sterile solution B. The edge of the sterile drape at the base of the field C. The inner wrapping of an item on the sterile field D. An irrigation syringe on the sterile field E. One gloved hand with the other gloved hand - Solution C, D, E
A nurse is caring for a client who presents with linear clusters of fluid-containing vesicles with some crustings. The nurse should identify the client has manifestations of which of the following conditions? A. Allergic reaction B. Ringworm C. Systemic lupus erythematosus D. Herpes zoster - Solution D A nurse is caring for a client who reports a severe sore throat, pain when swallowing, and swollen lymph nodes. The client is experiencing which of the following stages of infection? A. Prodromal B. Incubation C. Convalescence D. Illness - Solution C A nurse educator is reviewing with a newly hired nurse the difference in manifestations of a localized versus a systemic infection. The nurse indicates understanding when she states that which of the following are manifestations of a systemic infection? (Select all that apply.) A. Fever B. Malaise C. Edema D. Pain or tenderness E. Increase in pulse and respiratory rate - Solution A, B A nurse is contributing to the plan of care for a client who is being admitted to the facility with a suspected diagnosis of pertussis. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the plan of care? (Select all that apply.) A. Place the client in a room that has negative air pressure of at least six exchanges per hour. B. Wear a mask when providing care within 3 ft of the client.
C. Place a surgical mask on the client if transportation to another department is unavoidable. D. Use sterile gloves when handling soiled linens. E. Wear a gown when performing care that might result in contamination from secretions. - Solution B, C, E Chapter 12 - Solution Client safety A nurse is caring for a client who fell at a nursing home. The client is oriented to person, place, and time and can follow directions. Which of the following actions should the nurse take to decrease the risk of another fall? (Select all that apply.) A. Place a belt restraint on the client when he is sitting on the bedside commode. B. Keep the bed in its lowest position with all side rails up. C. Make sure that the client's call light is within reach. D. Provide the client with nonskid footwear. E. Complete a fall-risk assessment. - Solution C, D, E A nurse manager is reviewing with nurses on the unit the care of a client who has had a seizure. Which of the following statements by a nurse requires further instruction? A. "I will place the client on his side." B. "I will go to the nurses' station for assistance." C. "I will administer his medications." D. "I will prepare to insert an airway." - Solution B A nurse observes smoke coming from under the door of the staff's lounge. Which of the following actions is the nurse's priority? A. Extinguish the fire. B. Activate the fire alarm. C. Move clients who are nearby. D. Close all open doors on the unit. - Solution C A nurse is caring for a client who has a history of falls. Which of the following actions is the nurse's priority?
A. Hypotension B. Bradycardia C. Clammy skin D. Bradypnea - Solution A A nurse educator is conducting a parenting class for new parents of infants. Which of the following statements made by a participant indicates understanding of the instructions? A. "I will set my water heater at 130° F." B. "Once my baby can sit up, he should be safe in the bathtub." C. "I will place my baby on his stomach to sleep." D. "Once my infant starts to push up, I will remove the mobile from over the crib." - Solution D A home health nurse is discussing the dangers of carbon monoxide poisoning with a client. Which of the following information should the nurse include in her counseling? A. Carbon monoxide has a distinct odor. B. Water heaters should be inspected every 5 years. C. The lungs are damaged from carbon monoxide inhalation. D. Carbon monoxide binds with hemoglobin in the body. - Solution D A home health nurse is discussing the dangers of food poisoning with a client. Which of the following information should the nurse including in her counseling? (Select all that apply.) A. Most food poisoning is caused by a virus. B. Immunocompromised individuals are at risk for complications from food poisoning C. Clients who are at high risk should eat or drink only pasteurized dairy products. D. Healthy individuals usually recover from the illness in a few weeks. E. Handling raw and fresh food separately can prevent food poisoning. - Solution B, C, E Chapter 14 - Solution Ergonomic principles
A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving enteral tube feedings due to dysphagia. Which of the following bed positions should the nurse use for safe care of this client? A. Supine B. Semi-Fowler's C. Semi-prone D. Trendelenburg - Solution B A nurse is caring for a client who is sitting in a chair and asks to return to bed. Which of the following actions is the nurse's priority at this time? A. Obtain a walker for the client to use to transfer back to bed. B. Call for additional staff to assist with the transfer. C. Use a transfer belt and assist the client back into bed. D. Determine the client's ability to help with the transfer. - Solution D A nurse is completing discharge instructions for a client who has COPD. The nurse should identify that the client understands the orthopneic position when she states that she will do which of the following when she has difficulty breathing at night? A. Lie on her back with her head and shoulders on a pillow. B. Lie flat on her stomach with her head to one side. C. Sit on the side of her bed and rest her arms over pillows on top of her bedside table. D. Lie on her side with her weight on her hip and shoulder with her arm flexed in front of her. - Solution C A nurse manager is reviewing guidelines for preventing injury with staff nurses. Which of the following instructions should the nurse manager include? (Select all that apply.) A. Request assistance when repositioning a client. B. Avoid twisting your spine or bending at the waist. C. Keep your knees slightly lower than your hips when sitting for long periods of time. D. Use smooth movements when lifting and moving clients. E. Take a break from repetitive movements every 2 to 3 hr to flex and stretch your joints and muscles. - Solution A, B, D
