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A collection of questions and answers related to pediatric nursing, covering topics such as strabismus, breastfeeding, gross motor skills, immunizations, adhd, ear drops, tympanoplasty tubes, hydrocephalus, bacterial meningitis, patent ductus arteriosus, infective endocarditis, diabetes management, hemophilia, and maternal newborn care. It offers a valuable resource for nursing students preparing for exams or seeking to enhance their knowledge in pediatric nursing.
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Helpful mnemonics for Maternal Newborn!! Cleft lip: nursing care plan (postoperative)—"CLEFT LIP" Crying, minimize Logan bow Elbow restraints Feed with Brecht feeder
Grimace Activity Respiratory effort Obstetric (maternity) history—"GTPAL" Gravida Term Preterm Abortions (SAB, TAB) Living children Oral contraceptives: Signs of potential problems—"ACHES" Abdominal pain (possible liver or gallbladder problem) Chest pain or shortness of breath (possible pulmonary embolus) Headache (possible hypertension, brain attack) Eye problems (possible hypertension or vascular accident) Severe leg pain (possible thromboembolic process) Preterm infant: Anticipated problems—"TRIES" Temperature regulation (poor) Resistance to infections (poor) Immature liver Elimination problems (necrotizing enterocolitis [NEC]) Sensory-perceptual functions (retinopathy of prematurity [ROP]) VEAL CHOP –which relates to fetal heart rate. V ariable decels => C ord compression (usually a change in mother’s position helps) E arly decels => H ead compression (decels mirror the contractions; this is not a sign of fetal problems) A ccelerations => O 2 (baby is well oxygenated–this is good) L ate decels => P lacental utero insufficiency (this is bad and means there is decreased perfusion of blood/oxygen/nutrients to the baby). Nine-point Postpartum Assessment...BUBBLEHER
B- Breasts U- Uterus B- Bladder B- Bowel function L- Lochia E- Episiotomy H- Hemorrhoids E- Emotional Status R- Respiratory System Considerations for the pregnant client Admittance of a pregnant client to a medical-surgical unit: You may have a pregnant client admitted with a diagnosis unrelated to her pregnancy and, therefore, she may be admitted to a general medical-surgical floor. A mnemonic to assist you in performing important assessment elements for these clients is FETUS.
Remember, the hospitalized postpartum client is likely to be very emotional. Not only will she be experiencing the normal hormonal fluctuations of the postpartum period, she'll may also be distraught leaving her newborn at home and feeling that she's missing bonding time with her child. Visitation between the mother and her infant may be very limited to minimize the infant's risk of infection, but visits should be arranged if at all possible. Reference: Reeves, S. (2012). Woman’s health: Putting your nursing. Nursing Made Incredibly Easy, 5/6(2012), 20-25. Placenta Previa versus Placenta Abruptio Category Placenta Previa Abruptio Placenta Problem Low implantation of the placenta Premature separation of the placenta Incidence It occurs in approximately 5 in every 1000 pregnancies It occurs in about 10% of pregnancies and is the most common cause of perinatal death. Risk Factors
such as autoimmune antibodies Bleeding Always present May or may not be present Color of blood in bleeding episodes Bright red Dark red Pain during bleeding Painless Sharp, stabbing pain Management
somatrem(Protropin) Posterior Pituitary Hormones/Antidiuretic Hormone This medication promotes the reabsorption of water within the kidneys; causes vaso constriction due to the contraction of vascular smooth muscle. Common Posterior Pituitary Hormones/Antidiruetic Hormones: desmopressin (DDAVP, stimate) vaso pressin (Pitressin synthetic) (See the form of vaso in the drug name, for vaso constriction) Anticonvulsants The anticonvulsants are medications used for the treatment of epileptic seizures. These meds suppress the rapid and firing of neurons in the brain that start a seizure. Drugs for all types of seizures, except petit mal: CaPhe like cafe in French CA rbamazepine PHE nytoin/Phenobarbital Drugs for petit mal seizures: ValEt Val proic Acid Et hosuximide Phenytoin: adverse effects P - interactions H irsutism E nlarged gums N ystagmus Y ellow-browning of skin T eratogenicity O steomalacia I nterference with B metabolism (hence anemia) N europathies: vertigo, ataxia, headache All anti-epileptic drugs can be remembered by this mnemonic: Dr.BHAISAB's New PC. D ...Deoxy barbiturates B ...Barbiturates H ....Hydantoin
A …. Aliphatic carb acids I ....Iminostilbenes S ....Succinimides B ....Benzodiazepines (BZD's) N ....Newer drugs P ....Phenyltriazines C ...Cyclic gaba analogues Antiparkinsonian An antiparkinson , or antiparkinsonian medications are used for clients diagnosed with Parkinson’s Disease. These medications increase dopamine activity or reduce acetylcholine activity in the brain. They do not halt the progression of the disease. These medications offer symptomatic relief. Anti-Parkinsonian Drugs include: A Cat Does Like Milk! A nticholinergic Agents C OMT Inhibitors (catechol-O-methyltransferase); An enzyme involved in degrading neurotransmitters. D opamine Agonists L evodopa M AO-B Inhibitors Ophthalmic Ophthalmic medications are drugs used for the eye. These medications are typically prescribed for clients who have Glaucoma, Macular Degeneration. Other ophthalmic medications are used to treat allergic conjunctivitis, inflammatory disorders, dyes to visualize the eye, and to treat infections or viruses. Beta-Adrenergic Blocking Agents Prescribed for clients who have open-angle glaucoma. These agents decrease the production of aqueous humor. Block beta 1and beta 2 receptors. Common Beta-Adrenergic Ophthalmic Blocking Agents: beta xolos ( Bet optic ) (see the form of beta in the drug names?) See optic in Betoptic? Opthalmic medication. levo beta xolol ( Beta xon) (see the form of beta in the drug names?) levobunolol ( Beta gan) (see the form of beta in the drug name?) timolol ( Bet imol) (see the form of beta in the drug name?) Prostaglandin Analogs
Remember BAD POCC for key points or side effects of Opthalmic Medications: B -Blurred vision A -Angle closure glaucoma (medications are used for this kind of glaucoma) D -Dry eyes P -Photophobia O -Ocular pressure (used to treat OP from glaucoma) C -Can Cause systemic effects C -Ciliary muscle constriction