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ATC Weather Test Questions
Microburst - ✔️ ✔ Correct Answer A highly localized, high-speed
downburst of air, existing for short periods during the life of the thunderstorm. Typically less than one mile in diameter, can extend to approximately 2.5 miles in diameter.
Rain rarely reduces ______ visibility. - ✔ ️ ✔ Correct
Answer Surface.
Freezing precipitation _____ reduces the pilot's vision. - ✔️ ✔
Correct Answer Sharply.
Air Masses - ✔️ ✔ Correct Answer Any huge body of air whose
physical properties (temperature and moisture) are horizontally uniform level for level.
Formation of air masses - ✔ ️ ✔ Correct Answer Formed when a large body of air assumes all properties of temperature and moisture
while resting over its "source region." Best source regions are the large snow and ice covered polar regions, cold northern oceans, tropical oceans, and large desert areas.
Unstable air in air masses - ✔️ ✔ Correct Answer Cumuliform
clouds, showery precipitation, rough air (turbulence), good visibility (except during precipitation).
Stable air in air masses - ✔️ ✔ Correct Answer Stratiform clouds and fog, continuous precipitation, smooth air, fair to poor visibility.
General motion of air masses in the U.S. is... - ✔ ️ ✔ Correct
Answer West to East.
Air masses generally move how many miles a day? - ✔️ ✔ Correct
Answer 500 - 700.
Cold air masses move more rapidly than warm due to... - ✔️ ✔
Correct Answer The weight of the atmosphere.
Atmospheric Pressure - ✔️ ✔ Correct Answer The force exerted
by the atmosphere at a given point.
(At sea level) Surface temperature? - ✔ ️ ✔ Correct Answer 15 Degrees C/59 Degrees F
(At sea level) Surface pressure? - ✔️ ✔ Correct Answer 29.
inches of mercury
Weight of atmosphere at sea level... - ✔️ ✔ Correct Answer 14. pounds per square inch
Pressure decreases roughly how much of mercury for each 1,000 feet increase in altitude? - ✔️ ✔ Correct Answer One inch
Aneroid Barometer - ✔ ️ ✔ Correct Answer Less accurate than the mercurial barometer.
Altimeter Settings Indicator (ASI) - ✔️ ✔ Correct Answer Primary
means of obtaining altimeter settings at terminal facilities, DASI is Digital.
Station Pressure - ✔️ ✔ Correct Answer Pressure measured at
airport.
AGL - ✔️ ✔ Correct Answer Above ground level
MSL - ✔ ️ ✔ Correct Answer Mean sea level
True Altitude - ✔️ ✔ Correct Answer an actual or exact altitude above mean sea level.
Indicated Altitude - ✔️ ✔ Correct Answer an altitude above
mean sea level indicated on the altimeter.
Aircraft flies from a high pressure area to a low pressure area, the aircraft is _____ than the altimeter indicates. - ✔️ ✔ Correct
Answer Lower.
Aircraft flies from a low pressure area to a high pressure area, the aircraft is _____ than the altimeter indicates. - ✔️ ✔ Correct
Answer Higher.
FAA regulations require aircraft to fly at pressure altitudes at high levels. What is the example given to us? - ✔️ ✔ Correct
Answer Above 18,000 feet, automatically input 29.92.
Density Altitude - ✔️ ✔ Correct Answer The altitude in the
standard atmosphere where density of the air surrounding the aircraft is found.
What determines air density? - ✔️ ✔ Correct Answer Pressure, temperature, and humidity.
What happens in high density altitude and how does it effect an aircraft? - ✔️ ✔ Correct Answer Hot day, air becomes "thinner"
and "lighter." Reduces aircraft performance by reducing power, thrust, and lift and lengthens takeoff and landing role. Reduces the rate of climb.
What does low density do? - ✔ ️ ✔ Correct Answer Increases
aircraft performance.
Convective Current - ✔ ️ ✔ Correct Answer Caused by two
surfaces heated unequally cause the uneven heating of the air above.
Wind - ✔️ ✔ Correct Answer The horizontal airflow in a convective current
Advection - ✔ ️ ✔ Correct Answer Horizontal movement of wind.
Air flows from areas of _____ pressure to ares of _____ pressure. - ✔
️ ✔ Correct Answer Higher; lower.
Atmospheric circulation is... - ✔ ️ ✔ Correct Answer a convective current occurring on a large scale.
Jet stream - ✔️ ✔ Correct Answer A narrow band of strong
winds moving through the upper atmosphere.
The jet stream is _____ in altitude in the winter. - ✔️ ✔ Correct
Answer Lower.
Favorable Flying Conditions - ✔️ ✔ Correct Answer Less clouds,
Light or calm wind, Less Concentrated turbulent areas, and Better daytime visibility (Triple L, B).
Clouds - ✔️ ✔ Correct Answer Formed when warm air rises and its temperature decreases causing moisture content to become visible in the form of water vapor and/or ice crystals (condensation).
Cumulus - ✔️ ✔ Correct Answer Latin, meaning accumulation or
heap. Unstable, caused by convective currents. Can develop into: towering cumulus, cumulonimbus, or cumulus fractus.
Stratus - ✔ ️ ✔ Correct Answer Latin, derived from the word
"Stirnere," which means to flatten out. Very low cloud layer formed at times when conditions are favorable for fog (wind speeds 5 knots or less). Especially true over flat terrain when surface winds are less than 15 knots. Stable cloud.
Cirrus - ✔️ ✔ Correct Answer Latin, meaning lock of hair or curly.
Characterized by thin, feather like appearance. Found at high altitudes.
Nimbo/Nimbus - ✔️ ✔ Correct Answer A prefix or a suffix added to cloud types meaning rain cloud.
Fractus - ✔️ ✔ Correct Answer Suffix identifying clouds as being
broken.
Life Cycle of a Thunderstorm - ✔️ ✔ Correct Answer Cumulus, Mature Stage, and Dissipating Stage.
Stage 1 of a thunderstorm - ✔️ ✔ Correct Answer Cumulus,
begins with cumulus clouds, builds up due to the updrafts which prevail throughout.
Stage 2 of a thunderstorm - ✔️ ✔ Correct Answer Mature Stage,
begins with precipitation, lightning, or hail. Updrafts and downdrafts are prevalent.
Increasing frequency of lightning indicates... - ✔️ ✔ Correct
Answer A growing thunderstorm.
Wind Shear - ✔️ ✔ Correct Answer An unexpected change in
wind speed and/or direction resulting in a tearing or shearing effect. Can exist horizontally or vertically.
Occluded Fronts - ✔️ ✔ Correct Answer Occur when a cold front overtakes a warm front. One is lifted aloft, and the warm air between the fronts is shut off from the earth's surface. Cold front's narrow band of violent weather combined with warm front's widespread area of cloudiness and precipitation. Most severe weather occurs within 150 miles of point of occlusion.
Stationary Front - ✔ ️ ✔ Correct Answer Shows little or no
apparent movement. May greatly hamper or delay air operations by remaining in an area for several days. Characteristics vary with the stability of the warm air and the moisture content of the air.
Frontal movements - ✔️ ✔ Correct Answer May produce
hazardous turbulence in flight when penetrating a frontal zone.
Three types of visibility - ✔ ️ ✔ Correct Answer Horizontal, Air to Air, and Air to Ground.
Fog - ✔️ ✔ Correct Answer A cloud resting on the earth's
surface, one of the most hazardous weather phenomena known to aviation. Relative humidity is the amount of water vapor in the air, and expressed as a percentage.
Dew Point - ✔️ ✔ Correct Answer The temperature to which air
must be cooled for saturation to occur (Saturation being the maximum amount of water vapor the air can hold, 100% relative humidity).
Types of Fog - ✔️ ✔ Correct Answer Radiation, Advection, Upslope, Steam, and Frontal.
Smoke and Haze - ✔️ ✔ Correct Answer Haze is a concentration
of salt and other dry particles, may extend as high as 15,000 feet AGL. Air to Ground visibility above a haze layer is poor, especially on a slant. Haze and smoke will normally be a more severe restriction to visibility.
A temperature inversion is... - ✔️ ✔ Correct Answer When temperature increases with height.
Blowing snow, dust, and sand... - ✔ ️ ✔ Correct Answer can be
carried aloft to 15,000 feet.
Icing - ✔️ ✔ Correct Answer Forms on the fuselage, or the body,
and wings of an aircraft. Conditions to occur: Aircraft must be flying through visible supercooled water such as rain or cloud droplets, and temperature at the point where moisture strikes aircraft must be 0 degrees Celsius or colder.
Types of Icing - ✔ ️ ✔ Correct Answer Clear, Rime, and Mixed.
Clear Icing - ✔️ ✔ Correct Answer Most serious type of icing
because of its rapid accumulation, temperature is 0 degrees Celsius to -10 degrees Celsius, removal by deicing equipment is especially difficult.
Rime Icing - ✔️ ✔ Correct Answer Granular, whitish, opaque, rough deposits of ice. Occurs -10 degrees Celsius to -20 degrees Celsius. Very brittle because of the trapped air, and easier to remove than clear ice.
Mixed Icing - ✔️ ✔ Correct Answer Forms when drops vary in
size or when liquid drops are intermingled with snow or ice particles. Temperatures range from -10 degrees Celsius to -15 degrees Celsius.
Induction system icing - ✔ ️ ✔ Correct Answer Caused by
vaporization of fuel, combined with the expansion of air as it passes through the carburetor, causing a sudden cooling of the mixture. Ice forms in the air intake of an engine.
Effects of icing on aircraft performance: - ✔️ ✔ Correct
Answer Loss of radio communications, Increases weight, False
indications on flight instruments, Loss of operation of control surfaces, brakes, and landing gear, Increases drag, Impairs engine performance, Decreases thrust, and Reduces lift (LIF LIIDR).
Convective turbulence - ✔️ ✔ Correct Answer Results from
uneven heating of the earth's surface, causing currents of uneven and variable strength. Extremely hazardous to aircraft that are close to the ground.
Mechanical turbulence - ✔ ️ ✔ Correct Answer Caused by
obstructions in the path of the wind such as mountains, hills, and buildings.
Wake turbulence - ✔️ ✔ Correct Answer Caused by the generation of rotary motions or vortices off the wing tips of the aircraft, begins with the lifting of nose wheel on takeoff, ends with
the touching down of nose wheel on landing, and strength of vortices governed by: weight of aircraft, shape of wings, and speed of aircraft.
Wind Shear turbulence - ✔️ ✔ Correct Answer Caused by a
change in wind speed and/or direction in a short distance. Can exist in a horizontal or vertical plane or both at any altitude. Wind shear can be encountered several thousand feet above and 20 miles laterally from a severe storm.
High level wind shear - ✔ ️ ✔ Correct Answer Clear Air
Turbulence (CAT), occurs in a height excessing 15,000 feet.
Intensities of turbulence - ✔ ️ ✔ Correct Answer Light, Moderate,
Severe, Extreme.
Light turbulence - ✔ ️ ✔ Correct Answer slight, erratic changes in
altitude and/or attitude (pitch, roll, yaw). Occupants may feel a slight strain, food service uninterrupted and no difficulty in walking.
