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An analysis of the film 'Mozart and the Whale,' focusing on the representation of Asperger's syndrome and the challenges faced by individuals with this condition in social interaction. The document also discusses the history and genres of film, as well as the definition and characteristics of Asperger's syndrome.
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a final project
Submitted as a Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Sarjana Sastra in English
by Novemia Khariswanti 2250404540
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Yang bertanda tangan di bawah ini : Nama : Novemia Khariswanti N I M : 2250404540 Jurusan/Prodi : Bahasa dan Sastra Inggris/Sastra Inggris Fakultas Bahasa dan Seni, Universitas Negeri Semarang, menyatakan dengan sesungguhnya bahwa final project/skripsi yang berjudul : ASPERGER SYNDROME IN THE MOVIE MOZART AND THE WHALE BY PETER NAESS Yang saya tulis dalam rangka memenuhi salah satu syarat untuk memperoleh gelar Sarjana ini benar – benar merupakan karya saya sendiri, yang saya hasilkan setelah penelitian, pembimbingan, diskusi dan pemaparan ujian. Semua kutipan, baik yang langsung maupun tidak langsung, baik yang diperoleh dari sumber kepustakaan, wahan elektronik maupun sumber lainnya telah disertai keteranganmengenai identitas sumbernya dengan cara sebagaimana lazim dalam penulisan karya ilmiah. Dengan demikian, walaupu tim penguji telah membubuhkan tandatangan sebagai keabsahannya, seluruh isi karya ilmiah ini tetap menjadi tanggung jawab saya sendiri. Jika kemudian ditemukan ketidakberesan, saya bersedia menerima konsekuensinya. Demikian surat pernyataan ini untuk dapat digunakan seperlunya.
Semarang, Agustus Yang membuat pernyataan,
Novemia Khariswanti
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Motto : Perfection consists not in doing extraordinary things, but in doing ordinary things extraordinarily (Angelique Arnault) If you don’t enjoy what you have now, how can you happier with more.
Dedication : My beloved mama and papa, Thank you for your irreplaceable love. My siblings, Gita, Gilang and Denny.
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Praise to Allah S.W.T, the most Merciful and the most Almighty, for the compassion blessing, love, luck, gift and strength. It is because of His guidance I can finish my study. I would like to express my deepest gratitude and appreciation to Drs. Djoko Sutopo, M. Si as my first advisor and Dra. Rahayu Puji H, M. Hum, as my second advisor, for the entire patience, valuable guidance, encouragement and time throughout the process of accomplishing my study in regard to my endeavor to make this study as comprehensive as possible. In this chance, I would also like to deliver my special honor to all my lecturers for the valuable knowledge given to me. I would also like to express my great pride to my parents for their irreplaceable love and trust, my brothers, my beloved mates for their pray and support. Especially for Mama, you are the best Mama in the world. All my friends in English Literature thank you for the unforgettable moment, and for all my motivators, Tata, Nurul, Rima. Lastly, I hope that the final project will be useful for the readers especially for those who are interested in studying social problem and psychology of Asperger syndrome sufferer
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APPROVAL ............................................................................................... iii MOTTO AND DEDICATION .................................................................. iv ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ......................................................................... v ABSTRACT .............................................................................................. vi TABLE OF CONTENS ............................................................................ vii LIST CHAPTER I. INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background of the Study ........................................................................ 1 1.2 Reasons for Choosing the Topic ............................................................. 3 1.3 Statements of the Problem ...................................................................... 4 1.4 Objectives of the Study .......................................................................... 5 1.5 Significance of the Study ....................................................................... 5 1.6 Outline of the Report .............................................................................. 5 II. REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE 2.1 Film ....................................................................................................... 7 2.1.1 Definition of Film ............................................................................... 7 2.1.2 History of Film.................................................................................... 9 2.1.3 Genres of Film .................................................................................... 10 2.1.4 Elements of Film ................................................................................. 15 2.2 Asperger’s Syndrome ............................................................................. 18 2.2.1 History of Asperger’s Syndrome ......................................................... 18 2.2.2 Definition of Asperger’s Syndrome ..................................................... 19
Human, as a social creature would not be able to survive without having social interaction with others. Social interaction begins with communication, the means of communication is language. Every individual, naturally, has something in him that is wanted to be shared with others such as feeling, opinion, experience, and so on which it all lead to one basic point of social living creature, fulfilling their needs. To share our feeling and opinion to another person, we can use two ways, written and spoken. People use a language in both spoken form as well as written form. People can study a language by reading these written forms. Novels, plays, poems, and other literary works use language in the written form. This is what we call literature. Through literature, people know other’s feeling, thought, and attitudes in the written form languages. Every person has different ways to share their opinion, feeling, and experience, especially, a person with disability in social interaction. Disability in social interaction is one of difficulties for autistic person. They cannot deliver their opinion as well as normal person. To get in touch with their society, autistic using several body languages as their means to communicate, they tend to be somewhat socially immature and may be seen by others as odd and eccentric. That is why, we as common people need to be aware to our society issues by
reading or watching literary works in order to get better information and knowledge. Reasons for studying literature are different for every person. They want to get new knowledge and some moral values from the literary work. On the other hand, people study literature to get pleasure because they will feel happy and comfortable while reading or studying literature. Literature pleases us by imitating life or more precisely by displaying its writer visions of life as it or as the writer thinks it should be. People also say that written literature has a great power to influence someone’s feeling. People can cry or laugh only by reading a group of sentences in the literary work. This recent global, literature has been growing wider and wider along with the on going development of science and technology that it brought influences to human lives. It is surely that this condition requires human creativity to keep up with the flow of invention and innovation. The form communication in early human civilization was detained by spoken or written form of media, but now, at this present civilization the new form of electronic media gives greater influence to human life. Literature is now, no longer performed only on stage but on electronic media such as television. The invention of motion picture technology through TV developed further into another form, which is called film. Film is the most familiar literary work to the common people than the other literary works or genres like poetry, prose, drama – on stage – and etc. We can see the fact that nowadays almost everyone in this world has at least one
In the development of film, the film makers do not only want to get profit but also they have a special intention which they want to give to the society that is called moral values. Moral values will give us new knowledge about social condition such as how we should behave and how we should socialize with them in our society. From the elaboration above I have several reasons why I want to analyze the film Mozart and the Whale are: (1) To give more information about Asperger syndrome to the reader to get a clearly definition about it. (2) Mozart and the Whale is a unique and interesting movie to be discussed since it performs unusual main character and story line. (3) By analyzing this movie, I try to help reader to have better understanding about Asperger syndrome and autism suffers in their social interaction.
In order not to discuss something irrelevant I had limited the discussion by presenting and focusing my attention to the following problems: (1) What is the personal characteristic of Asperger’s syndrome sufferer represented by Donald Morton? (2) What are the difficulties of someone with Asperger syndrome to have social interaction?
Based on the formulated problems above, this study has two objectives. They are elaborated as follow: (1) To explore the personal characters of Asperger’s syndrome sufferers represented by Donald Morton. (2) To identify the difficulties of someone with Asperger’s syndrome in social interaction.
The result of the study is fully expected to give broad view and knowledge of the meaning of Asperger’s syndrome, as we all know, some people still have wrong definition and perception about it. They mostly being a victim of social bullying in society. Underestimation and discrimination is a part of their life. From this study, the writer wants to give clear description to the readers about autistic disorder in order to have better information. Providing the way for English Department students especially literature program to study literary works in more imaginative way and help them to see deeply in it and giving a weighty references for other researcher who wants to conduct literary research in the same field will be an outmost expectation of the writer.
To arrange the written report, I divided my study into some chapters and subchapters. Each chapter discusses certain related issues. The first chapter is the introduction. It involves general background of the study, reason for choosing the topic, statements of the problem, objectives of the study, significance of the study and outline of the study.
All of references and information about Asperger’s syndrome which are used by the writer to support her in conducting her analysis upon the topic are discussed and presented in this chapter. The writer picks the source from books and also internet about film, Asperger’s syndrome, autism, and social interaction.
Film, as common people know, is a kind of entertainment which is broadcasted in theater or television set. It is the easiest way of educating or getting in touch with art works for ordinary people at present. This subchapter elaborates more about it. 2.1.1 Definition of Film The name "film" comes from the fact that photographic film had historically been the primary medium for recording and displaying motion pictures. Many other terms exist for an individual motion picture, including picture, picture show, photo-play, flick, and most commonly, movie. Hornby (1995:434) states that film is a story, etc recorded as a set of moving pictures to be shown on television or at the cinema. Additional terms for the field in general include the big screen, the silver screen, the cinema, and the movies. Traditional films are made up of a series of individual images called frames. When these images are shown rapidly in succession, a viewer has the illusion that motion is occurring. The viewer
cannot see the flickering between frames due to an effect known as persistence of vision whereby the eye retains a visual image for a fraction of a second after the source have been removed. This phenomenon is called beta movement (www.wikipedia.com). Films are cultural artifacts created by specific cultures, which reflect those cultures, and, in turn, affect them. Film is considered to be an important art form, a source of popular entertainment, and a powerful method for educating citizens. The visual elements of cinema give motion pictures a universal power of communication; some movies have become popular worldwide attractions by using dubbing or subtitles that translate the dialogue. Films are produced by recording images from the world with cameras, or by creating images using animation techniques or special effects. Naturally, the images needed to be carefully designed to achieve the desired effect and the underlying principle became the basis for the development of film animation.
The nature of the film determines the size and type of crew required during filmmaking. A film crew is a group of people hired by a film company, employed during the "production" for the purpose of producing a film or motion picture. Crew is distinguished from cast , the actors who appear in front of each other of the camera or provide voices for characters in the film. The crew interacts with but is also distinct from the production staff, consisting of producers, managers. Communication between production and crew generally passes through the director and his/her staff of assistants. Medium-to-large crews are generally divided into departments with well defined hierarchies and standards for
music fitting the mood of the film. In early 1920, most films were produced along with list of sheet music. In 1920s, a new technology allowed filmmakers to attach a soundtrack of speech, music, and sound effects synchronized with the action on screen. Ever since, silent film became sound films or “talking picture” or talkies. In this era, there were the greatest filmmakers such as Sergei Eisenstein, F. W. Murnau, Fritz Lang, D. W. Griffith and Charles Chaplin with their greatest contributions to the film realm. The next step was the introducing of ”natural color” films, after the end of World War II, more and more movies were filmed in color as the industry in America came to view color as essential to attracting audiences. By the end of 1960s, color had become a norm for filmmakers. The next decades, film schools had produced and educated independent filmmakers. Last but not least, digital technology has been the driving force to take the throughout 1990s development and into the 21st century’s technology. 2.1.3 Genres of Film In theory, film genre is categorization and classification of film based on similarities in narrative elements and patterns such as setting and props, subject matters, themes, mood, period, plot, motifs, style, structure, situation, icons, and stars (www.filmsite.org/genres.html). Films are not really subjected to genre analysis by film historians until the 1970s. All films at least have one major film genre, although there are number of films that are considered having more than one main genre (sub-genre). In general, we will find plenty of film genres as film development. In order to have deeper understanding about film genres, here are the kinds of main film genres:
Action Films Action films usually include high energy, big-budget physical stunts and chases, possibly with rescues, battles, fights, escape, destructive crises, non-stop motion, spectacular rhythm and pacing, and adventurous. Usually this film often involve two dimensional “good-guy” battling bad-guy. Action film asks for high prices. Adventure Films Adventure films are usually exciting stories, with novel experiences. Some people recognize adventure film as action film because it has many similarities inside. Adventure films could be searches or expeditions for lost continents, “jungle” and “desert” epics, treasure hunts, disaster films. Comedy Films Comedies are light-hearted plots designed to amuse and provoke laughter. Comedy films often present funny story which can make the viewer laughs. Crime and Gangster Films Crime (gangster) films are developed around the actions. Criminal and gangster films are often categorized as film noir or detective-mystery films because of underlying similarities between these cinematic forms. This category includes a description of various serial killer films. In crime gangster films we often find violence.
Drama Films
