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ASCP Exam Questions and Solutions: Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Exams of Nursing

Answers and solutions for various biochemistry and molecular biology questions, including histones, DNA bonding, lymphoma types, leukemia translocation, polymerases, mitochondrial polymerase, molecular beacon design, NGS techniques, SNPs in human genome, FLT3 involvement in diseases, RNA storage conditions, lab document retention, HIV viral load difference, antibiotic resistance mechanisms, irinotecan and UGT1A1 effect, RNA stability, formamide effect, common DNA form, PCR reaction components, primer dimers, virus affecting kidney transplant patients, warfarin association, most specific PCR, GC content of primers, degraded DNA sample type, highest vancomycin resistance, HCV genotype comparison, avoiding RNase, aldehyde dehydrogenase, thermal device verification, blood storage for DNA analysis, test implementation metrics, gel for 200-250 bp, sample inhibition, TP53 or p53, bDNA characteristics, sensitivity vs specificity, accuracy vs precision, PPV, stop codon, start codon, carbamazepi

Typology: Exams

2023/2024

Available from 04/07/2024

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ASCP Exam Questions WITH COMPLETE
SOLUTIONS(MB)
What kind of bond do histones have with DNA? Correct Answer: Ionic
What amino acids compose histones? Correct Answer: Lysine and Arginine
Which lymphoma has t-cell rearrangements? Correct Answer: Sezary Syndrome
Acute Promyelocytic leukemia translocation? Correct Answer: t(15,17)
Leading strand polymerase: Correct Answer: Delta
DNA repair polymerase(s): Correct Answer: Beta or Epsilon
Mitochondrial polymerase: Correct Answer: Gamma
Molecular beacon design: Correct Answer: (R-sequence-Q)
Which method uses visible light? Correct Answer: Pyrosequencing
Lagging strand polymerase: Correct Answer: Alpha
In NGS what is coverage referring to Correct Answer: # of times a base is read
Which type of NGS is best used for small indels? Correct Answer: paired-end
Number of SNPs in human genome? Correct Answer: 10^7 book answer
10^6 exam answer (closest answer available)
FLT3 is involved in what disease? Correct Answer: AML
RNA storage condition for 6 months? Correct Answer: -70C in Ethanol
How long to keep obsolete document in lab according to CAP? Correct Answer: 2 years
HIV viral load difference? Correct Answer: 0.5 log 10
Antibiotic resistance mechanism in MRSA? Correct Answer: altered drug target
PBP2a
mecA
What is the effect of Irinotecan and UGT1A1? Correct Answer: Decrease drug metabolism
What part of RNA increases half-life and stability? Correct Answer: G cap or 5' cap
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ASCP Exam Questions WITH COMPLETE

SOLUTIONS(MB)

What kind of bond do histones have with DNA? Correct Answer: Ionic What amino acids compose histones? Correct Answer: Lysine and Arginine Which lymphoma has t-cell rearrangements? Correct Answer: Sezary Syndrome Acute Promyelocytic leukemia translocation? Correct Answer: t(15,17) Leading strand polymerase: Correct Answer: Delta DNA repair polymerase(s): Correct Answer: Beta or Epsilon Mitochondrial polymerase: Correct Answer: Gamma Molecular beacon design: Correct Answer: (R-sequence-Q) Which method uses visible light? Correct Answer: Pyrosequencing Lagging strand polymerase: Correct Answer: Alpha In NGS what is coverage referring to Correct Answer: # of times a base is read Which type of NGS is best used for small indels? Correct Answer: paired-end Number of SNPs in human genome? Correct Answer: 10^7 book answer 10^6 exam answer (closest answer available) FLT3 is involved in what disease? Correct Answer: AML RNA storage condition for 6 months? Correct Answer: -70C in Ethanol How long to keep obsolete document in lab according to CAP? Correct Answer: 2 years HIV viral load difference? Correct Answer: 0.5 log 10 Antibiotic resistance mechanism in MRSA? Correct Answer: altered drug target PBP2a mecA What is the effect of Irinotecan and UGT1A1? Correct Answer: Decrease drug metabolism What part of RNA increases half-life and stability? Correct Answer: G cap or 5' cap

Formamide decreases Tm by: Correct Answer: altering H-bonds Common form of DNA is: Correct Answer: B form, Right-Handed Order to add to a PCR reaction Correct Answer: Master mix Patient sample Positive control Negative control Primer dimers are formed due to: Correct Answer: 3' Complementarity Virus affecting patients after kidney transplant is Correct Answer: BK Virus Warfarin is associated with? Correct Answer: VKORC1 and CYP2C Which is most specific PCR? Correct Answer: Nested PCR then Real Time PCR What is the proper GC content of primer? Correct Answer: 50-60% Which sample type to expect degraded DNA from? Correct Answer: FFPE Highest vancomycin resistance? Correct Answer: vanA HCV genotype 1 vs 2 : Which has a low viral load and best sustained response to drugs? Correct Answer: HCV Genotype 2 To avoid RNAse at what temp should you bake the glassware? Correct Answer: 250*C for 4 hours Aldehyde dehydrogenase question Correct Answer: Alcohol dependence Metabolizing alcohol Thermal devices are verified by which agency? Correct Answer: NIST How long can blood be stored at 4degC for DNA analysis? Correct Answer: 72 hours Before a test can be implemented what metrics are required? Correct Answer: waived, moderate complexity , high complexity What gel do you use for 200-250 bp? Correct Answer: 6% Polyacrylamide Gel A sample was spiked with a positive control and results were negative for positive control and the spiked sample. What happened? Correct Answer: Sample had an inhibitor What is TP53 or P53? Correct Answer: Oncogene

What enzyme binds the 5' end to 3' end of ds dna? Correct Answer: Primase PCR Inhibitors Correct Answer: Hemoglobin, Heparin, Xylene, Phenol, Cyanol, and Bromophenal blue How many repeats you would normally find in fragile X? Correct Answer: A repeat length exceeding 200 CGGs If you had Multiplex PCR with low yield on all targets how could you increase yield? Correct Answer: Adjust the annealing time and temp If you had multiplex PCR with 2 probes with melting temps of 41 degree and 53 deg and couldn't change target sequence how can you adjust reaction for higher yield? Correct Answer: Adjust the GC content of one of the probe to match the other probe to increase yield Denaturing breaks Inter-strand h bonds or intra-strand h bonds Correct Answer: Inter-strand Bonds (weaker) What is HPLC Correct Answer: High Performance Liquid Chromatography a form of column chromatography that pumps a sample mixture or analyte in a solvent (known as the mobile phase) at high pressure through a column with chromatographic packing material (stationary phase)