Download ARRT BOARD EXAM TESTBANK|2025-2026|ACTUAL 900+ QUESTIONS&ANSWERS|ALREADY GRADED A+ and more Exams Health sciences in PDF only on Docsity!
ARRT BOARD EXAM TESTBANK| 2025 - 2026|ACTUAL
900+ QUESTIONS&ANSWERS|ALREADY GRADED A+
What is the TD 5/5 for the kidney? - ANS:->>>23 Gy What would a QA level 1 action item require? - ANS:->>>Inspection, but treatment can continue What is the backscatter factor at the level of Dmax? - ANS:->>>Tissue Air Ratio (TAR) What technique can be used to accomplish forced shallow breathing? - ANS:-
Gating What are the parts of the oral cavity? - ANS:->>>Floor of the mouth, retromolar trigone, gingiva, anterior 2/3 of tongue, hard palate What is the tolerance for gantry & collimator angle indicators? - ANS:->>>1.0˚ What does T1b glottic cancer involve according to the AJCC staging system?
- ANS:->>>Both vocal cords What is the most common breast cancer diagnosis? - ANS:->>>Invasive infiltrating ductal carcinoma When a patient is treated with an SAD of 12 cm, what would the SSD be? - ANS:-
88 cm
What is the single most effective way of preventing the spread of infection? - ANS:-
Washing hands What is the most common dose-limiting toxicity for chemotherapeutic drugs? - ANS:->>>Myelosuppresion What is the most common form of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma? - ANS:->>>Mycosis fungoides What is the TD 5/5 for the whole liver? - ANS:->>>30 Gy What must a treatment prescription contain? - ANS:->>>Total dose, daily dose, orientation of treatment fields, fractionation scheme, beam energy, beam-modifying devices, anatomic site, treatment technique
Which phase after total body exposure to radiation is characterized by having no symptoms? - ANS:->>>Latent phase What is a general characteristic of well- differentiated tumors? - ANS:->>>Benign Which primary diagnosis indicates prophylactic cranial irradiation? - ANS:-
Small cell carcinoma What is used to prevent a hot spot at the junction of two treatment fields with a small hinge angle? - ANS:->>>Wedge What is a near miss in radiation therapy treatment delivery? - ANS:->>>A harmful event that was caught prior to the delivery of treatment What is included in the ITV? - ANS:->>>PTV, CTV, & GTV
What happens to the PDD curve as the field size increases? - ANS:->>>It increases Of what is the JRCERT an example? - ANS:->>>Accrediting body If an orthogonal pair is taken with the first angle at 215˚, what would the second angle be? - ANS:->>>305˚ Of what does a patient presenting with petechiae have signs? - ANS:->>>Bleeding How do radiolucent contrast agents appear on radiographs? - ANS:->>>Dark What is the most commonly involved lymph node in individuals with nasal cavity & paranasal sinus cancer? - ANS:->>>Submandibular node What is an example of a sterile procedure? - ANS:->>>The insertion of a urinary catheter What is the most common side effect of patients being treated with EBRT to the vagina? - ANS:->>>Dyspareunia When reviewing a transverse slice, what directional terms orient the image? - ANS:->>>Anterior/posterior & right/left What does it mean when a surgical report indicates the presence of positive margins? - ANS:->>>There is disease remaining What is a common screening technique for prostate cancer? - ANS:->>>Digital rectal exam
What is the most radiosensitive stage of gestation? - ANS:->>>Preimplantation What defines clinically significant weight loss? - ANS:->>>A patient losing 10% or more of their body weight Which plane divides the body into anterior & posterior portions? - ANS:-
Coronal plane How should the table be moved if a field needs to be shifted 1 cm posteriorly? - ANS:->>>1 cm anteriorly How can tongue immobilization be accomplished? - ANS:->>>Cork What is the radiation protection quality factor for x-rays? - ANS:->>> 305˚ Of what does a patient presenting with petechiae have signs? - ANS:->>>Bleeding How do radiolucent contrast agents appear on radiographs? - ANS:->>>Dark What is the most commonly involved lymph node in individuals with nasal cavity & paranasal sinus cancer? - ANS:->>>Submandibular node What is an example of a sterile procedure? - ANS:->>>The insertion of a urinary catheter What is the most common side effect of patients being treated with EBRT to the vagina? - ANS:->>>Dyspareunia When reviewing a transverse slice, what directional terms orient the image? - ANS:->>>Anterior/posterior & right/left What does it mean when a surgical report indicates the presence of positive margins? - ANS:->>>There is disease remaining What is a common screening technique for prostate cancer? - ANS:->>>Digital rectal exam What is the most radiosensitive stage of gestation? - ANS:->>>Preimplantation What defines clinically significant weight loss? - ANS:->>>A patient losing 10% or more of their body weight Which plane divides the body into anterior & posterior portions? - ANS:- >>>Coronal plane How should the table be moved if a field needs to be shifted 1 cm posteriorly? - ANS:->>>1 cm anteriorly How can tongue immobilization be accomplished? - ANS:->>>Cork What is the radiation protection quality factor for x-rays? - ANS:->>> When will patients begin to experience epilation? - ANS:->>>After an initial dose of 2000 cGy What is a keloid? - ANS:->>>Scar overgrowth What is thrombocytopenia? - ANS:->>>A condition in which the patient has a reduced number of platelets When should PPE be worn? - ANS:->>>When tattooing a patient For what cancer is Duke's staging used?
- ANS:->>>Colorectal What is a below-normal diastolic blood pressure reading? - ANS:->>>Less than 60
What materials are used to make cerrobend blocks? - ANS:->>>Bismuth, lead, tin, cadmium As the treatment volume increases, what happens to tolerance doses? - ANS:-
Decrease If an object is 7 cm in real life, but 8.2 cm on film, what is the magnification factor?
- ANS:->>>1. What type of chemotherapy is 5 - FU? - ANS:->>>Antimetabolite If 215 MUs will be delivered during a 315˚ arc, how many MUs per degree will be delivered? - ANS:->>>0.68 MU/degree What is the limit of radiation exposure to the embryo/fetus once women declare pregnancy? - ANS:->>>0.5 mSv A whole body dose of 100 - 1000 cGy would cause symptoms from which syndrome? - ANS:->>>Hematopoietic What are the three major pathways of lymphatic drainage of the breast? - ANS:-
Internal mammary, transpectoral, & axillary Why does the intensity of a photon beam decrease rapidly with increasing distance? - ANS:->>>Inverse square law How often should the IMRT x-ray output consistency be checked? - ANS:->>>On a monthly basis A radiation therapist who is 37 years old should not have a lifetime effective dose
exceeding: - ANS:->>>370 mSv What is the most common histology for cancer of the brain? - ANS:->>>Astrocytoma When should informed consent be signed? - ANS:->>>Prior to the patient receiving any procedure How are areas where the dose equivalent exposure is 0.1 rem/week classified? - ANS:->>>Controlled areas What is the treatment area that includes the gross palpable tumor & surrounding volume of tissue containing subclinical disease? - ANS:->>>CTV What drugs are used to reduce cerebral edema? - ANS:->>>Corticosteroids How far should esophageal radiation field margins extend to account for nodular drainage? - ANS:->>>6 cm above & below the tumor What are the four R's of radiobiology? - ANS:->>>Repopulation, reoxygenation, repair & redistribution What is the most common method for sterilization? - ANS:->>>Heat Where are nosocomial infections spread? - ANS:->>>In the hospital What does a prescription to be administered BID indicate? - ANS:->>>Dosing should occur twice a day Which organization is responsible for establishing suggested dose limits for safe practices within the United States?
- ANS:->>>National Council on Radiation Protection & Measurements
(NCRP)
Which organization regulates the use of radioactive materials to ensure adequate protection of public health & safety? - ANS:->>>Nuclear Regulator Commission (NRC) What parts of the body are Vac Fix immobilization devices used to immobilize? - ANS:->>>Pelvis, abdomen, chest The pituitary can be located by identifying what skeletal structure in the skull? - ANS:->>>Sella tursica What is individual treatment dose indicated in the prescribed dose known as? - ANS:->>>Fractionation During which stage of gestation is embryonic death & resorption the most common result of exposure to radiation?
- ANS:->>>Preimplantation Who is legally responsible for providing detailed information to the patient to obtain informed consent? - ANS:->>>Physician When using a custom cerrobend block, what needs to be added to the MU calculations? - ANS:->>>Tray factor What type of dose-response relationship do radiation-induced cancer, leukemia &
genetic effects follow? - ANS:->>>Linear, non-threshold What is the daily tolerance of the laser & treatment isocenter coincidence? - ANS:-
+/- 2 mm During what gestational period does radiation exposure usually affect the nervous system? - ANS:->>>23 to 37 days What type of break in DNA is efficiently repaired & not significant cell kill? - ANS:- Single strand What defines the concept that patients are treated as individuals & informed about procedures to facilitate appropriate decisions? - ANS:->>>Autonomy
What type of tissue may give rise to rhabdomyosarcoma? - ANS:->>>Skeletal muscle For what types of cancers is brachytherapy commonly used? - ANS:->>>Cervical, breast, prostate What is the standard to which the effect of radiation of a test type is compared for RBE? - ANS:->>>250 kV x-ray What is the conventional dose for the treatment of prostate cancer? - ANS:->>>7, cGy-8,000 cGy
What type of care aims to help dying patients & their families by providing support for quality of life? - ANS:->>>Hospice What type of images are created by the therapist to demonstrate reproduction of the treatment area & verify correct beam placement? - ANS:->>>Localization Where do level II axillary lymph nodes lie? - ANS:->>>Under the pectoralis muscle What is used to define the size & extension of a tumor at the time of diagnosis? - ANS:->>>Staging During which phase of the cell cycle are human cells most radiosensitive? - ANS:-
M What refers to the junction between the manubrium & body of the sternum? - ANS:- Sternal angle What anatomical landmark can be used to locate the prostate? - ANS:->>>Neck of the femur What is the process posterior to the earlobe that can be used to mark the inferior border of the whole brain field? - ANS:->>>Mastoid process What are the properties of ionic iodine contrast media? - ANS:->>>Radiopaque & has a high osmolality rate
What doctrine describes how a person is injured through no fault of his/her own?
- ANS:->>>Res ipsa loquitur To what organ does rectal cancer typically spread distantly? - ANS:->>>Liver What is the proper application of light pressure with fingers to the body? - ANS:-
Palpation What describes the aggressiveness of a tumor based on the degree of differentiation? - ANS:->>>Grading Which cancer of the brain &/or spinal cord is the most likely to seed through the CSF? - ANS:->>>Medulloblastoma The penetration of x-ray through tissue is primarily a function of: - ANS:- Milliampere-second (mAs) The cricoid cartilage is at which vertebral level? - ANS:->>>C Fractionated SBRT treatments are typically delivered over the course of how many days? - ANS:->>>1 to 5 What is the most anterior lobe of the cerebrum? - ANS:->>>Frontal lobe What is the point in space relative to the treatment machine about which various
What is the equivalent square of a 4x10 cm field? - ANS:->>>5.7 cm Which device may best be used to measure the dose at various points within a mantle field when treating a Hodgkin's patient? - ANS:->>>Thermoluminescent dosimeter What is the primary lymphatic drainage of the testicle? - ANS:->>>Peri- aortic nodes Which imaging technique can produce a 4D image? - ANS:->>>Cone beam CT What does the "T" define in the TNM staging system? - ANS:->>>The size & extent of the primary tumor What is the measurement of the thickness of a patient along the CAX, or at any other point within the irradiated volume? - ANS:->>>Separation What may be the arrangement of CT simulation lasers? - ANS:->>>Consist of a single overhead laser that moves to project the sagittal plane, are two vertical moving lateral lasers to project coronal plane, can be fixed lasers to project the transverse plane What is oral defamation? - ANS:->>>Slander What is TD 5/5? - ANS:->>>The dose which will cause 5% of the population to experience a defined side effect within 5 years What condition results from rising too quickly, which can cause dizziness &/or fainting? - ANS:->>>Orthostatic hypotension What is the equivalent of 1 rem in Sv? - ANS:->>>0.01 Sv
What is the normal range of WBCs in a healthy adult? - ANS:->>>3,500 to 10, cells/mcL Which type of interaction is sometimes described as true absorption? - ANS:-
Photoelectric effect What side of the patient should be closer to the side of movement when assisting from a wheelchair to the treatment table? - ANS:->>>Stronger side What properties define the carina? - ANS:->>>It is the bifurcation at the level of T4- T5, it typically correlates to the 'angle of Louis', it forms the beginning of the right & left main stem bronchi What is the ethical principle that directs health care professionals to avoid harmful actions to patients? - ANS:->>>Nonmaleficence What are contraindications for chemotherapy? - ANS:->>>Recent surgery, liver or kidney impairment, infection Which type of radiation is more likely to cause indirect interaction of radiation & the cell? - ANS:->>>Low linear energy transfer What is the topographic anatomical landmark that correlates with T2? - ANS:- Manubrium What may exposure to low levels of radiation produce? - correct answer
What are topograms? - ANS:->>>Pilot/scout images that define the CT scan range & are used for patient alignment What are the benefits of brachytherapy?
- ANS:->>>It can be performed on an outpatient basis, has a shorter recovery time, & is a minimally invasive technique What is the function of the scattering foil in a linear accelerator? - ANS:->>>Broaden & flatten the electron beam What is the threshold radiation dose to the whole brain for necrosis or infarction? - ANS:->>>4,500 cGy What syndrome results from whole body irradiation to doses in the 1,000-5,000 cGy range manifested by infection, bone marrow depression, electrolyte imbalance, watery diarrhea, & denudation to the villi in the small intestines? - ANS:-
Gastrointestinal What is the normal range of platelets in a healthy adult? - ANS:->>>150,000- 450,000 mc/L What should be used to help hold a patient securely when transferring from a wheelchair to the table? - ANS:->>>Transfer belt What term describes the responsibility to do good & act in the best interest of the patient even if it is inconvenient & sacrifices must be made? - ANS:- Beneficence What is a highly reactive species with an unpaired valence or outer shell electron? - ANS:->>>Free radical
The Ann Arbor staging system is commonly used to stage which cancers? - ANS:-
Lymphoma What is the daily tolerance level of the ODI? - ANS:->>>2 mm What are common chemotherapy drugs used for treating breast cancer? - ANS:- Carboplatin, paclitaxel (Taxol), & 5-FU What is a characteristic of sensitive screening tests? - ANS:->>>They are able to provide a true positive result What can be used in the room to aid in patient positioning? - ANS:->>>Field light, wall lasers & overhead laser What is stereotactic radiation to tumors of the brain known as? - ANS:->>>SRS
4,500 cGy What syndrome results from whole body irradiation to doses in the 1,000-5,000 cGy range manifested by infection, bone marrow depression, electrolyte imbalance, watery diarrhea, & denudation to the villi in the small intestines? - ANS:- >>>Gastrointestinal What is the normal range of platelets in a healthy adult? - ANS:->>>150,000- 450,000 mc/L What should be used to help hold a patient securely when transferring from a wheelchair to the table? - ANS:->>>Transfer belt What term describes the responsibility to do good & act in the best interest of the patient even if it is inconvenient & sacrifices must be made? - ANS:- >>>Beneficence What is a highly reactive species with an unpaired valence or outer shell electron? - ANS:->>>Free radical The Ann Arbor staging system is commonly used to stage which cancers? - ANS:- >>>Lymphoma What is the daily tolerance level of the ODI? - ANS:->>>2 mm What are common chemotherapy drugs used for treating breast cancer? - ANS:- >>>Carboplatin, paclitaxel (Taxol), & 5-FU What is a characteristic of sensitive screening tests? - ANS:->>>They are able to provide a true positive result What can be used in the room to aid in patient positioning? - ANS:->>>Field light, wall lasers & overhead laser What is stereotactic radiation to tumors of the brain known as? - ANS:->>>SRS What is a written legally valid document that indicates a patient's decisions about future medical treatment? - ANS:->>>Formal advanced directive What would the exposure of a radiation beam with an intensity of 100 mR/hr at 1 m be at 2 m? - ANS:->>>25 mR/hr What is the depth to tumor of the PA field if the separation is 32 cm & the depth to tumor of the AP field is 14 cm? - ANS:->>>18 cm Which skin cancer histology is most likely to spread distantly to the lung? - ANS:- Melanoma What should the maximum exposure of radiation not exceed for a member of the general public? - ANS:->>>100 mrem/year At what angle to the table should a wheelchair be placed? - ANS:->>>45˚
