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AQA AS LEVEL (740 4 /1) CHEMISTRY PAPER 1: INORGANIC AND
PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY QUESTION PAPER+ MARK SCHEME
MAY 2024
AS
CHEMISTRY
Paper 1 Inorganic and Physical Chemistry
Tuesday 14 May 2024 Morning Time allowed: 1 hour 30 minutes
Materials
For this paper you must have: the Periodic Table/Data Sheet, provided as an insert (enclosed) a ruler with millimetre measurements a scientific calculator, which you are expected to use where appropriate.
Instructions
Use black ink or black ball-point pen. Fill in the boxes at the top of this page. Answer all questions. You must answer the questions in the spaces provided. Do not write outside the box around each page or on blank pages. If you need extra space for your answer(s), use the lined pages at the end of this book. Write the question number against your answer(s). All working must be shown. Do all rough work in this book. Cross through any work you do not want to be marked.
Information
The marks for questions are shown in brackets. The maximum mark for this paper is 80.
Advice
You are advised to spend about 65 minutes on Section A and 25 minutes on Section B. For Examiner’s Use Question Mark 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Section B TOTAL
Do not write outside the box 7 (^0 1). 2 Explain, in terms of oxidising ability, why the observations from these reactions do not allow the student to identify the halide ion present in P and the halide ion present in R. [2 marks] (^0 1). 3 The student does a second experiment to determine the halide ion in each of P and R. The student adds a few drops of aqueous silver nitrate solution to 2 cm^3 of each potassium halide solution. Table 2 shows the student’s observations. Table 2 Student’s Observation P Precipitate formed R Precipitate formed Describe a further chemical test that the student can complete on the precipitates formed to identify the halide ion present in P and the halide ion present in R. Describe how the observations from this test can be used to identify the halide ion present in P and the halide ion present in R. [3 marks] Turn over for the next question Turn over ►
Do not write outside the box 7 (^0 2). 1 Explain why the third ionisation energy of beryllium is much higher than the second ionisation energy of beryllium. [3 marks] (^0 2). 2 Magnesium reacts slowly with cold water but rapidly with steam. Compare these reactions, in terms of the products formed. You should identify one similarity in, and one difference between, these reactions. [2 marks] Similarity Difference (^0 2). (^3) The reaction of calcium with water is a redox reaction. Explain, in terms of oxidation states, why this reaction involves both oxidation and reduction. [2 marks] 0 2 This question is about the elements in Group 2.
Do not write outside the box 0 3 This question is about structure and bonding. (^0 3). 1 Define electronegativity. [1 mark] (^0 3). 2 Explain why the C–Cl bond is polar. [2 marks] (^0 3). 3 Although the C–Cl bond is polar, CCl 4 is a non-polar molecule. Explain why. [2 marks]
Do not write outside the box 10 (^0 3). 4 There are van der Waals forces between non-polar molecules. Explain what causes these forces. [3 marks] Barium reacts with oxygen to form barium oxide. Barium oxide has a high melting point and an ionic lattice structure similar to that of sodium chloride. (^0 3). 5 Draw a 3D diagram to show how the particles are arranged in a barium oxide lattice. You should draw eight particles. [2 marks] Turn over ►
Do not write outside the box Turn over ►
Do not write outside the box 0 5
SF 6 and SF 3 have different shapes and different bond angles.
Deduce the shape of SF 6 and the shape of SF 3
State the bond angle in SF 6 and the bond angle in SF 3 Justify the bond angles by referring to electron pairs. [6 marks] 6
Do not write outside the box 0 6 This question is about atomic structure and mass spectrometry. (^0 6). 1 Give the full electron configuration for Br [1 mark] A sample of bromine (Br 2 ) is analysed in a mass spectrometer. The sample is ionised using electron impact ionisation. (^0 6). 2 Give an equation, including state symbols, for the process that occurs during the ionisation of bromine. [1 mark]
Do not write outside the box (^0 6). 3 Bromine exists as two isotopes, 79 Br and 81 Br, which exist in equal abundance. Figure 1 shows an incomplete mass spectrum for this sample of bromine. Figure 1 Complete the spectrum by adding a label to each axis, and adding any further peaks you would expect to see. [3 marks] (^0 6). 4 State how the detector enables the relative abundance of each ion to be determined. [1 mark] Turn over for the next question Turn over ►
Do not write outside the box (^0 7). 3 Use your answer to Question 07.2 and the information given to calculate the percentage by mass of magnesium oxide in the tablets. [6 marks] Percentage by mass of MgO^8 (^0 7). 2 Calculate the amount, in moles, of hydrochloric acid that was added to the tablets in Step 3. Give your answer to an appropriate precision. [1 mark] Amount of hydrochloric acid mol Turn over ►
Do not write outside the box (^0 8). 1 Define standard enthalpy of formation. [2 marks] (^0 8). 2 Silver nitrate(V) is formed when silver nitrate(III) undergoes thermal decomposition. 2 AgNO 2 (s) ⟶ Ag(s) + AgNO 3 (s) + NO(g) Δ H = +56.2 kJ mol–^1 The standard enthalpy of formation of AgNO 3 (s) is −123.0 kJ mol–^1 The standard enthalpy of formation of NO(g) is +90.4 kJ mol–^1 Determine the standard enthalpy of formation of AgNO 2 (s) [2 marks] Standard enthalpy of formation kJ mol–^1 (^0 8). 3 Suggest why the enthalpy change for the thermal decomposition of solid silver nitrate(III) is difficult to determine experimentally. [1 mark] 0 8 This question is about silver nitrate.
Do not write outside the box 4 (^0 9). 1 State, in terms of electrons, the meaning of the term oxidising agent. [1 mark] (^0 9). 2 Give a half-equation to show the oxidation of copper to copper(II) ions. [1 mark] (^0 9). 3 Give a half-equation to show the reduction of NO 3 – ions in acidic solution to NO 2 [1 mark] (^0 9). 4 Use your answers to Question 09.2 and Question 09.3 to deduce an overall equation
for the reduction of NO 3 ions by copper. [1 mark] 0 9 This question is about redox reactions.
Do not write outside the Section B^ box Answer all questions in this section. Only one answer per question is allowed. For each question completely fill in the circle alongside the appropriate answer. CORRECT METHOD WRONG METHODS If you want to change your answer you must cross out your original answer as shown. If you wish to return to an answer previously crossed out, ring the answer you now wish to select as shown. You may do your working in the blank space around each question but this will not be marked. Do not use additional sheets for this working. (^1 0) What is the percentage atom economy for the formation of sodium nitrate in the reaction between sodium carbonate and nitric acid? Na 2 CO 3 + 2 HNO 3 → 2 NaNO 3 + H 2 O + CO 2 [1 mark] A 36.6% B 50.3% C 57.8% D 73.3% (^1 1) Which involves the formation of a dative covalent bond? [1 mark] A PCl 3 +^ Cl 2 →^ PCl 5 B Na+^ + H–^ → NaH C Mg^ +^ Cl 2 →^ MgCl 2 D
BH 3 + H–^ → BH 4 Turn over ►
