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AS Physics data and formulae. For use in exams from the June 2016 Series onwards. Version 1.4. 1. DATA - FUNDAMENTAL CONSTANTS AND VALUES. Quantity.
Typology: Exams
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permeability of free space 0 4 π × 10 –^7 H m–^1
permittivity of free space 0 8. 85 × 10 –^12 F m–^1
the Stefan constant 5. 67 × 10 –^8 W m–^2 K–^4
the Wien constant 2. 90 × 10 –^3 m K
electron rest mass (equivalent to 5.5 × 10–^4 u)
electron charge/mass ratio
proton rest mass (equivalent to 1.00728 u)
proton charge/mass ratio
neutron rest mass (equivalent to 1.00867 u)
atomic mass unit
quadratic equation a
b b ac x 2
2
2
Body Mass/kg Mean radius/m
curved surface area of cylinder
4
3
Class Name Symbol Rest energy/MeV
photon photon (^0)
0
baryons proton p 938.
neutron (^) n 939.
antiquarks have opposite signs
Type Charge
Baryon number
Strangeness
3
2
3
1
3
1
3
1
3
1
3
1
Lepton number
photon energy (^) 𝐸 = ℎ𝑓 =
photoelectricity ℎ𝑓^ =^ +^ 𝐸k (max)
energy levels (^) ℎ𝑓 = 𝐸 1 – 𝐸 2
de Broglie Wavelength (^) 𝜆 =
wave speed (^) 𝑐 = 𝑓𝜆 period (^) 𝑓 =
first harmonic 𝑓^ =^
fringe spacing 𝑤^ =^
diffraction grating 𝑑 sin 𝜃 = 𝑛𝜆
refractive index of a substance s , 𝑛 = 𝑐 𝑐s for two different substances of refractive indices n 1 and n 2 , law of refraction 𝑛 1 sin 𝜃 1 = 𝑛 2 sin 𝜃 2
𝑛 2 𝑛 1
moments moment = 𝐹𝑑
velocity and acceleration 𝑚^ =^
equations of motion
force (^) 𝐹 = 𝑚𝑎
force (^) 𝐹 =
impulse 𝐹 Δ𝑡 = Δ(𝑚𝑚) work, energy and power
𝑊 = 𝐹 𝑠 cos 𝜃
𝐸k =
𝑚 𝑚^2 Δ𝐸p =^ 𝑚𝑔Δℎ
∆𝑊 ∆𝑡 ,^ 𝑃^ =^ 𝐹𝑚
𝑒𝑓𝑓𝑒𝑐𝑒𝑒𝑛𝑐𝑒 =
𝑚 𝑉
Hooke’s law 𝐹 = 𝑘 𝛥𝛥
Young modulus
𝑡𝑡𝑛𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡 𝑡𝑡𝑠𝑡𝑡𝑡 𝑡𝑡𝑛𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡 𝑡𝑡𝑠𝑠𝑡𝑛
tensile stress =
𝐹 𝐴
tensile strain =
∆𝐿 𝐿
1 2