Appetitive conditioning A type of conditioning in which the unconditioned stimulus or reinforcer
is a pleasant event or a stimulus the participant tends to approach.
Associative learning Learning in which one event (a stimulus or a response) becomes linked to
another, so that the first event comes activates a representation of the second.
Autoshaping See sign tracking (see below).
Aversive conditioning Conditioning in which the unconditioned stimulus is an aversive stimulus.
Aversive stimulus Noxious or unpleasant stimulus that elicits aversion and/or withdrawal
responses.
CS-US relevance Facilitated learning that occurs with certain combinations of conditioned and
unconditioned stimuli (e.g., taste and illness) as compared with other combinations (e.g., taste
and shock).
Conditioned response A response that comes to be made to the conditioned stimulus as a result
of classical conditioning, abbreviated as CR.
Conditioned stimulus A stimulus that initially does not elicit a conditioned response or activate
a representation of an unconditioned stimulus but comes to do so after pairings with an
unconditioned stimulus, abbreviated as CS.
Conditioned suppression An aversive Pavlovian conditioning procedure in which conditioned
responding is measured by the suppression of positively reinforced instrumental behavior.
Discriminative control A control procedure for Pavlovian conditioning in which one conditioned
stimulus (the CS+) is paired with the unconditioned stimulus, whereas another conditioned
stimulus (the CS-) is presented without the unconditioned stimulus. The development of
responding during the CS+ but not during the CS- is considered evidence of Pavlovian
conditioning.
