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APHY |! 101 |! Ivy |! Tech |! Exam |! 1/ |! Midterm |!
questions |! with |! verified |! solutions
Signs |! of |! aging |! at |! the |! cellular |! level |! are: |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔impaired |! cell |! division |! and |! the |! ability |! to |! break |! down |! and |! recycle |! worn |! cell |! parts. The |! elbow |! is |! distal |! to |! the |! wrist. |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔False The |! ears |! are |! lateral |! to |! the |! eyes. |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔True Which |! of |! the |! following |! lists |! best |! illustrates |! the |! idea |! of |! increasing |! levels |! of |! complexity? |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔Organelles, |! cells, |! tissues, |! organs, |! organ |! systems A |! decomposition |! reaction |! can |! be |! symbolized |! by |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔AB |! → |! A |! + |! B. A |! parietal |! layer |! of |! a |! serous |! membrane |! _______, |! whereas |! a |! visceral |! layer |! of |! a |! serous |! membrane |! ________. |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔lines |! cavities; |! covers |! organs The |! three |! major |! parts |! of |! a |! cell |! are |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔the |! nucleus, |! cytoplasm, |! and |! cell |! membrane.
Smooth |! endoplasmic |! reticulum |! has |! ribosomes |! and |! rough |! endoplasmic |! reticulum |! does |! not. |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔False In |! negative |! feedback |! mechanisms |! changes |! away |! from |! the |! normal |! state |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔stimulate |! changes |! in |! the |! opposite |! direction. Chemistry |! is |! important |! to |! the |! study |! of |! physiology |! because |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔all |! of |! the |! above. Consider |! the |! following |! list |! of |! commonly |! found |! items |! and |! their |! pH |! values: |! Which |! of |! the |! choices |! includes |! all |! acids? |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔Vinegar, |! grapes, |! tomatoes, |! and |! coffee In |! phagocytosis |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔a |! cell |! membrane |! engulfs |! solid |! particles. Which |! of |! the |! following |! transport |! processes |! does |! not |! require |! expenditure |! of |! cellular |! energy? |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔Facilitated |! diffusion An |! organic |! compound |! always |! contains |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔carbon |! and |! hydrogen. Saturated |! fats |! _______ |! than |! unsaturated |! fats. |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔have |! more |! single |! carbon-carbon |! bonds
A |! water |! solution |! that |! contains |! equal |! numbers |! of |! hydrogen |! ions |! and |! hydroxide |! ions |! is |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔Neutral What |! characteristic |! do |! simple |! diffusion |! and |! facilitated |! diffusion |! share? |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔Both |! move |! a |! substance |! from |! a |! region |! of |! higher |! concentration |! to |! one |! of |! lower |! concentration |! without |! cellular |! energy. If |! the |! concentration |! of |! glucose |! in |! the |! water |! outside |! of |! a |! cell |! is |! higher |! than |! the |! concentration |! inside, |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔water |! will |! leave |! the |! cell |! by |! osmosis. Homeostasis |! is |! the |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔tendency |! of |! the |! body |! to |! maintain |! a |! stable |! internal |! environment. Nucleic |! acids |! are |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔composed |! of |! building |! blocks |! called |! nucleotides. Metabolism |! is |! defined |! as |! _____. |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔all |! the |! chemical |! reactions |! occurring |! in |! an |! organism |! that |! support |! life The |! secondary |! structure |! of |! a |! protein |! molecule |! is |! the |! result |! of |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔hydrogen |! bonds. The |! number |! of |! protons |! in |! an |! atom |! of |! an |! element |! always |! equals |! its |! atomic |! weight. |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔False
A |! cell |! that |! can |! divide |! to |! give |! rise |! to |! any |! cell |! type |! is |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔totipotent. Cancer |! can |! result |! if |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔mitosis |! is |! too |! frequent |! or |! does |! not |! stop. The |! oral, |! nasal, |! orbital, |! and |! middle |! ear |! cavities |! are |! in |! the |! dorsal |! cavity. |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔False Cilia |! and |! flagella |! extend |! from |! certain |! cells, |! enabling |! them |! to |! move. |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔True Cells |! lose |! water |! when |! placed |! in |! a |! __________ |! solution. |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔Hypertonic A |! selectively |! permeable |! membrane |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔allows |! some |! substances |! to |! pass |! through |! and |! excludes |! others. When |! the |! body |! is |! placed |! in |! the |! anatomical |! position, |! which |! of |! the |! following |! is |! not |! true? |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔The |! palms |! are |! facing |! backward. Which |! of |! the |! following |! correctly |! describes |! the |! structural |! organization |! of |! the |! cell |! membrane? |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔A |! bilayer |! of |! phospholipid |! molecules |! in |! which |! protein |! molecules |! are |! embedded |! and |! can |! move
The |! aerobic |! reactions |! of |! cellular |! respiration |! occur |! in |! the |! mitochondria. |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔True Which |! of |! the |! following |! substances |! increases |! in |! abundance |! during |! cellular |! respiration? |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔ATP A |! cofactor |! is |! ______ |! and |! examples |! are |! _____. |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔a |! necessary |! part |! of |! some |! enzymes; |! copper, |! iron, |! and |! zinc An |! ATP |! molecule |! consists |! of |! an |! adenine, |! a |! ribose, |! and |! three |! phosphates. |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔True The |! electron |! transport |! chain |! is |! a |! series |! of |! enzyme |! complexes |! that |! pass |! electrons, |! releasing |! energy |! that |! is |! used |! to |! phosphorylate |! ADP |! to |! ATP |! on |! the |! inner |! mitochondrial |! membrane. |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔True A |! cell |! may |! contain |! hundreds |! of |! different |! types |! of |! enzymes. |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔True ATP |! is |! important |! to |! cellular |! processes |! because |! it |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔provides |! energy |! for |! cellular |! work |! when |! the |! terminal, |! high-energy |! bond |! is |! broken. Which |! choice |! lists |! structures |! in |! order |! of |! increasing |! size? |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔nitrogenous |! base |! - |! nucleotide |! - |! gene |! - |! chromosome |! - |! genome
Which |! of |! the |! following |! is |! not |! one |! of |! the |! four |! basic |! types |! of |! body |! tissues? |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔Eye |! tissue The |! tissue |! through |! which |! gases |! are |! exchanged |! between |! the |! blood |! and |! the |! air |! in |! the |! lungs |! is |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔simple |! squamous |! epithelium. A |! _______ |! membrane |! lines |! tubes |! and |! cavities |! that |! open |! to |! the |! outside |! of |! the |! body. |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔Mucous Muscle |! cells |! with |! more |! than |! one |! nucleus |! are |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔skeletal |! muscle |! cells |! only. Epithelial |! tissue |! functions |! in |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔secretion, |! absorption, |! and |! protection. Extracellular |! matrix |! consists |! of |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔ground |! substance |! and |! protein |! fibers. Adipose |! tissue |! is |! a |! form |! of |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔connective |! tissue. Which |! of |! the |! following |! characteristics |! is |! used |! to |! name |! tissue |! types? |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔Organization |! of |! cells A |! skeletal |! muscle |! fiber |! contains |! many |! nuclei. |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔True
Involuntary |! muscle |! tissues |! are |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔smooth |! muscle |! tissue |! and |! cardiac |! muscle |! tissue. Blood |! is |! composed |! of |! red |! blood |! cells, |! white |! blood |! cells, |! and |! platelets |! suspended |! in |! a |! fluid |! extracellular |! matrix |! called |! plasma. |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔True Skin |! wrinkles |! with |! age |! because |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔fat |! is |! lost |! from |! the |! subcutaneous |! layer |! and |! the |! dermis |! shrinks. Milk |! and |! ear |! wax |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔are |! secreted |! from |! modified |! sweat |! glands. Skin |! cancer |! is |! most |! likely |! to |! develop |! from |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔nonpigmented |! epithelial |! cells. Cutaneous |! carcinomas |! are |! usually |! caused |! by |! regular |! exposure |! to |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔ultraviolet |! light. Nerve |! fibers |! scattered |! throughout |! the |! dermis |! are |! associated |! with |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔muscles, |! glands, |! and |! sensory |! receptors. A |! burn |! affecting |! only |! the |! epidermis |! is |! a |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔superficial |! partial-thickness |! burn.
Three |! physiological |! factors |! that |! affect |! the |! color |! of |! skin |! are: |! volume |! of |! blood |! in |! dermal |! vessels, |! carotene |! in |! the |! subcutaneous |! layer, |! and |! various |! diseases. |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔True A |! nail |! consists |! of |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔a |! nail |! bed |! and |! nail |! plate. Which |! of |! the |! following |! is |! a |! normal |! response |! to |! excessive |! loss |! of |! body |! heat |! in |! a |! cold |! environment? |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔Dermal |! blood |! vessels |! constrict. Skin |! cells |! play |! an |! important |! role |! in |! producing |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔vitamin |! D. The |! arrector |! pili |! muscle |! is |! attached |! to |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔a |! hair |! follicle. Reddened |! skin |! reflects |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔dilated |! blood |! vessels |! with |! more |! blood |! entering |! the |! dermis. As |! epidermal |! cells |! move |! up |! through |! the |! strata |! away |! from |! their |! blood |! supply, |! they |! die |! and |! become |! keratinized. |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔True Eccrine |! sweat |! glands |! differ |! from |! sebaceous |! glands |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔All |! of |! the |! above What |! determines |! the |! color |! of |! skin? |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔The |! amount |! of |! melanin |! that |! melanocytes |! produce.
The |! layer |! of |! the |! epidermis |! that |! includes |! melanocytes |! and |! a |! single |! row |! of |! columnar |! cells |! that |! undergo |! mitosis |! is |! the |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔stratum |! basale. Shafts |! of |! hair |! are |! composed |! of |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔dead |! epidermal |! cells. Which |! of |! the |! following |! happens |! first |! after |! a |! scab |! forms? |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔fibroblasts |! from |! the |! wound |! edge |! form |! new |! collagenous |! fibers. In |! all |! organisms, |! the |! basic |! unit |! of |! structure |! and |! function |! is |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔the |! cell The |! thoracic |! cavity |! lies |! _____________ |! the |! abdominopelvic |! cavity. |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔superior |! to Signs |! of |! aging |! at |! the |! cellular |! level |! are |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔impaired |! cell |! division |! and |! the |! ability |! to |! break |! down |! and |! recycle |! worn |! cell |! parts. The |! diaphragm |! separates |! the |! thoracic |! and |! the |! abdominopelvic |! cavities. |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔True Which |! action |! is |! the |! main |! function |! of |! the |! digestive |! system? |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔Absorption |! of |! nutrients
The |! oral, |! nasal, |! orbital, |! and |! middle |! ear |! cavities |! are |! in |! the |! dorsal |! cavity. |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔False The |! digestive |! system |! filters |! wastes |! from |! the |! blood. |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔False The |! elbow |! is |! distal |! to |! the |! wrist. |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔False Which |! of |! the |! following |! characteristics |! of |! life |! and |! their |! descriptions |! are |! correct? |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔Circulation-the |! movement |! of |! substances |! in |! body |! fluids The |! ears |! are |! lateral |! to |! the |! eyes. |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔True In |! negative |! feedback |! mechanisms |! changes |! away |! from |! the |! normal |! state |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔stimulate |! changes |! in |! the |! opposite |! direction. Homeostasis |! is |! the |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔tendency |! of |! the |! body |! to |! maintain |! a |! stable |! internal |! environment. An |! anatomical |! section |! that |! separates |! the |! body |! into |! right |! and |! left |! portions |! is |! a |! __________ |! section. |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔sagittal
Consider |! the |! following |! list |! of |! commonly |! found |! items |! and |! their |! pH |! values: |! Which |! of |! the |! choices |! includes |! all |! acids? |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔Vinegar, |! grapes, |! tomatoes, |! and |! coffee Lipids |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔all |! of |! the |! above. Electrolytes |! are |! substances |! that: |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔ionize |! in |! water. An |! electrolyte |! ionizes |! in |! water. |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔True The |! number |! of |! protons |! in |! an |! atom |! of |! an |! element |! always |! equals |! its |! atomic |! weight. |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔False A |! water |! solution |! that |! contains |! equal |! numbers |! of |! hydrogen |! ions |! and |! hydroxide |! ions |! is |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔neutral Which |! of |! the |! following |! substances |! is |! an |! element? |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔Iron Which |! of |! the |! following |! groups |! of |! compounds |! is |! hydrophobic? |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔Lipids The |! atomic |! weight |! of |! an |! element |! whose |! atoms |! contain |! 8 |! protons, |! 8 |! electrons, |! and |! 8 |! neutrons |! is |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔ 16
A |! decomposition |! reaction |! can |! be |! symbolized |! by |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔AB |! → |! A |! + |! B. The |! difference |! in |! hydrogen |! ion |! concentration |! between |! solutions |! with |! pH |! 4 |! and |! pH |! 5 |! is |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔tenfold Chemistry |! is |! important |! to |! the |! study |! of |! physiology |! because |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔all |! of |! the |! above. Cancer |! can |! result |! if |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔mitosis |! is |! too |! frequent |! or |! does |! not |! stop. In |! phagocytosis |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔a |! cell |! membrane |! engulfs |! solid |! particles. If |! the |! concentration |! of |! glucose |! in |! the |! water |! outside |! of |! a |! cell |! is |! higher |! than |! the |! concentration |! inside, |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔water |! will |! leave |! the |! cell |! by |! osmosis. Cilia |! and |! flagella |! extend |! from |! certain |! cells, |! enabling |! them |! to |! move. |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔True Chromosomes |! duplicate |! during |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔Interphase A |! cell |! that |! can |! divide |! to |! give |! rise |! to |! any |! cell |! type |! is |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔totipotent.
Cells |! lose |! water |! when |! placed |! in |! a |! __________ |! solution. |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔hypertonic What |! characteristic |! do |! simple |! diffusion |! and |! facilitated |! diffusion |! share? |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔Both |! move |! a |! substance |! from |! a |! region |! of |! higher |! concentration |! to |! one |! of |! lower |! concentration |! without |! cellular |! energy.
