Download APEA QBank Practice Test Exam: Comprehensive Questions and Answers for 2024/2025 and more Exams Nursing in PDF only on Docsity!
APEA QBank Practice Test Exam | Comprehensive Questions and Answers Latest Updated 2024/2025 With 100% Verified Solutions What is the treatment of choice for community acquired, uncomplicated pneumonia? - amoxicillin Vitamin B12 deficiency anemia is a type of ____________ anemia. - pernicious; macrocytic Prostate infection or inflammation can cause a sharp rise in PSA values. When should this value go back down to normal levels and be checked after an acute infection? - 4 weeks The most common cause of atypical pneumonia in adults - mycoplasma pneumoniae An herbal supplement thought to help BPH - saw palmetto A male patient presents to your clinic with a lump in his breast. How should we work this up? - clinical breast exam, mammogram, AND ultrasound If a patient with strep comes back after 48 hours with no improvement on antibiotics, what should you then prescribe? - a penicillin or cephalosporin with beta lactamase coverage How long must a tick be attached to the skin in order for Lyme disease to be transferred? - 48 hours When should kids be treated for hypertension? - if they also have diabetes, are symptomatic, have hypertension > 95th percentile, or when end organ damage is present ACEIs can cause what electrolyte abnormality? - hyperkalemia A positive "drop arm" test is a sign of what? - torn rotator cuff The medical term for spoon shaped nails - koilonychia
Koilonychia is a sign of what? - iron deficiency anemia How is influenza diagnosed? - a nasal swab What finding would be most likely to differentiate gout from septic arthritis? - fever would be indicative of septic arthritis Diphenhydramine has __________ properties and is contraindicated in which patient populations? - anticholinergic; elderly and those with glaucoma The medical term for flat feet - pes planus How does plantar fasciitis usually present? - as pain in the morning with resolution after several steps, but as it worsens the patient will start to complain of heel pain throughout the day and with walking Scope of practice for NPs is not influenced by which entity? - a court of law Used to establish a designated level of professional competence - licensure Treatment of subclinical hypothyroidism is generally not indicated unless the TSH is ___________. - greater than 10 In the presence of an elevated serum TSH, what is the next step in management? - repeat TSH plus free T Patients with a history of UC or Crohn's should have a colonoscopy how often? - every 1-5 years due to the increased risk of colorectal cancer What is the first line treatment for community acquired atypical pneumonia? - macrolides such azithromycin. If the pt cannot take a macrolide, then they can do levofloxacin or doxycycline
What is the recommended treatment for blepharitis? - erythromycin 1cm ribbon 5x daily for 7 days What is the recommended treatment for severe anorexia with delusions? - 2nd atypical antipsychotics What lab values need to be monitored in a patient on Tizanidine? - LFTs and BP at baseline and 1 month after the max dose is achieved (can cause hepatotoxicity and hypotension) What class of drug is dabigatran (pradaxa)? - direct thrombin inhibitor The most effective treatments for acne related to increased sebum production are what? - oral contraceptives and isotretinoin Oral contraceptive regimen in which both the estrogen and progesterone concentrations vary throughout the cycle - quadriphasic Oral contraceptive regimen in which the estrogen and progestin doses are fixed throughout the cycle - monophasic Oral contraceptive regimen in which in the estrogen dose remains the same for the first 21 days of the cycle, while progestin is lower in the first half and higher in the second half - biphasic Oral contraceptive regimen in which the estrogen remains consistent and the progestin dose varies - triphasic Patients who are receiving beta blockers may find what treatment for allergies ineffective? - treatments containing epinephrine For a patient on warfarin who needs to receive a tetracycline antibiotic, how will we adjust their warfarin? - tetracyclines depress prothrombin activity, same as warfarin, so we need to decrease the warfarin to avoid an increase in INR and significant bleeding What is the herbal, valerian root often used for? - insomnia/sleep, ADHD, anxiety, depression
What is the herbal, saw palmetto, often used for? - BPH What is the herbal, black kohosh, often used for? - symptoms of menopause - hot flashes What is the herbal, St. John's wart, often used for? - depression What are the intrauterine transplacental infections that can be passed from mother to infant? - think TORCH; toxoplasmosis, Other (syphilis, varicella zoster, parvovirus) Rubella, Cytomegalovirus and Herpes simplex, as well as tuberculosis. Note that chlamydia is NOT transplacental, but rather transvaginal during childbirth The antibiotic of choice for a dog bite - augmentin; doxy if there is a penicillin allergy Obese women should gain how much weight during pregnancy? - 11 - 20 pounds Overweight women should gain how much weight during pregnancy? - 15 - 25 pounds Normal weight people should gain how much weight during pregnancy? - 25 - 35 pounds Underweight people should gain how much weight during pregnancy? - 28 - 40 pounds Pregnant women should increase their daily caloric intake by how many calories per day? - 300 Immunizations are considered to be what level of prevention? - primary Children can start to ride a tricycle around age _____ - 3 A gray or white ring present around the peripheral iris - arcus senilis
How do we treat thrush in infants? - application of nystatin to inside of the mouth, sterilize all pacifiers and bottle nipples; a topical antifungal may be applied to the nipples HMO and PPOs are called what? - managed care plans TCAs can cause what worsened problem in a patient with BPH? - urinary retention Signs of a ruptured ovarian cyst - nausea, vomiting, shoulder pain, fever Growing pains often start in what age group? - 3 - 5 What antibiotics are considered safe in pregnancy? - beta lactams (cephalosporins, amox, augmentin), nitrofurantoin, vancomycin, metronidazole, clindamycin, and fosfomycin an inflammation in the hip joint that causes pain, limp and sometimes refusal to bear weight. This occurs in pre-pubescent children and is the most common cause of hip pain. It occurs when a viral infection, such as an upper respiratory infection, moves to and settles in the hip joint. - transient synovitis HCTZ can cause _________, whereas ACEI can cause _________ - hypokalemia; hyperkalemia Hyperparathyroidism can cause what? - hypercalcemia and thus, osteoporosis PID should improve after ____ of the antibiotic course. - 3 days A loss of the central sulcus of the prostate on DRE is a sign of what? - BPH A woman who gets the MMR vaccine should wait at least __________ before getting pregnant. - 4 weeks
What is a major cause of cleft palate and lip? - smoking during pregnancy What is Auspitz sign? - the appearance of small bleeding points after successive layers of scale have been removed from the surface of psoriatic papules or plaques Treatment of choice for pyelonephritis - ciprofloxacin
