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APEA 3P exam - 3 EXAM 2025 / 2026 Accurate Real
Exam Questions and Correct Answers
What is the recommended treatment for Bell's palsy? - answer>>steroids and anti-virals How is the pain of trigeminal neuralgia vs temporal arteritis different? - answer>>in trigeminal neuralgia, the pain is like a shock hitting the side of your face whereas temporal arteritis is more like a headache What are the preventative treatment options for migraines? - answer>>beta blockers, amitriptyline, venlafaxine, topamax, valproate What is Addison's disease? - answer>>adrenal insufficiency; the patient will be low in cortisol and sodium but their potassium will be high What are s/s of Addison's disease? - answer>>bronze or discolored skin, salt cravings At what week of pregnancy is the uterus palpable just above the pubic symphysis? - answer>>week 12 What is the biggest side effect of colchicine? - answer>>diarrhea What is Paget's disease? - answer>>there is localized increased bone turnover and blood flow resulting in the breakdown of bone and replacing it with weakened and highly vascular bone putting the indiv at increased risk of fractures How do we treat Paget's diseease? - answer>>bisphosphonates How do we treat a broken clavicle in an infant? - answer>>no treatment; it should heal on it's own What does the apprehension test assess for? - answer>>used to assess for stability of the shoulder or knee; assesses for stability
How does the parathyroid gland regulate calcium? - answer>>when parathyroid hormone is released, it pulls calcium out of the blood and into the circulation in response to hypocalcemia. it also increases absorption of calcium from the intestine What is the first line treatment for trigeminal neuralgia? - answer>>carbamazepine (tegretol) or amitriptyline. also want to do gabapentin or something for nerve pain How would you describe the appearance of molluscum contagiosum? - answer>>papules that are umbilicated and contain a caseous plug a rare complication of pregnancy characterized by the abnormal growth of trophoblasts, the cells that normally develop into the placenta - answer>>molar pregnancy At what week of pregnancy is the fundus palpable halfway between the pubic symphysis and umbilicus?
- answer>>week 16 At what week of pregnancy is the fundus of the uterus at the umbilicus? - answer>>week 20 At what week of pregnancy is the fundus of the uterus halfway between the xiphoid process and umbilicus? - answer>>week 28 At what week of pregnancy is the fundus just below the xiphoid process? - answer>>week 34 Increased sweat production is a sign of what endocrine disorder? - answer>>hyperthyroidism How should pregnant women wear their seatbelt? - answer>>with the shoulder strap like a normal person and then the groin strap below the belly and across the hips What is another name for fifth disease? - answer>>parvovirus aka slapped cheek disease aka erythema infectiosum Which type of prevention are vaccinations? - answer>>primary
What is first line treatment for PAD? - answer>>walking and physical activity to improve circulation. second line is an aspirin or anti-platelet What should we tell our patients with PAD NOT to do? - answer>>do not elevate the feet; keep them down How do we diagnose PAD? - answer>>an ABI < 7; doppler can also be used to diagnose as well but is the second choice What are s/s of peripheral vascular disease? - answer>>think V meaning volume overload aka edema, may ache or be uncomfortable but is not painful, bounding pulses, ruddy discoloration If a patient is on Coumadin but then they may need to go on an antibiotic for an infection and Bactrim is the drug of choice, what should you do? - answer>>Bactrim increases INR so we would want to decrease the coumadin dose while the patient is on this If a patient is on Coumadin but then they may need to go on Rifampin, what should you do? - answer>>Rifampin decreases INR so we'd want to increase the coumadin dose If a patient on coumadin's INR is 3.1- 4 ,what should you do? - answer>>decrease the weekly dose by 5 - 10% If a patient on coumadin's INR is 4.1-5.0, what should you do? - answer>>hold one dose then decrease the weekly dose by 10% If a patient's INR is greater than 5, what should you do? - answer>>consult cards, likely would hold two doses then decrease the weekly dose An anorexic patient will have a BMI of what? - answer>>less than 18 What is primary amenorrhea? - answer>>when the patient has never gotten their period before (there is an absence of menarche) but they have all of their secondary sex characteristics
Secondary amenorrhea is a lack of menses after of not having a period; but you have had one before - answer>>3 months What do we need to do first when a patient comes in with secondary amenorrhea? - answer>>rule out pregnancy Anorexia can put you at risk for what? - answer>>osteoporosis, amenorrhea, cardiac damage Amenorrhea is considered a risk factor for what? - answer>>osteoporosis What is the best indication of an anorexic patient doing better? They tell you they are eating more, they have weight gain, or they get their period back? - answer>>they get their period back If a pregnant woman has syphilis, what should we do? - answer>>treat it with penicillin while she is pregnant because there is risk for spontaneous abortion What is the causative organism of mastitis? - answer>>staph What is the first line treatment for mastitis? - answer>>keflex (a cephalosporin). If that doesn't work, then try another antibiotic. If that STILL doesn't work, then refer for an ultrasound What is one of the biggest risk factors for cervical cancer? - answer>>numerous sexual partners Preeclampsia most commonly shows up at what time in pregnancy? - answer>>around week 20 How do we treat UTIs in a pregnant woman? - answer>>can either do penicillin, cephalosporin, or a macrolide (can NOT do doxy or a fluoroquinolone) When do fibrocystic breasts tend to flare up and cause tenderness and lumps? - answer>>about 10 days before menses What can be a sequelae of an ectopic pregnancy? - answer>>pelvic inflammatory disease and infertility due to scarring of the fallopian tube (salpingitis)
When do we perform alpha fetoprotein screening in pregnancy? - answer>>15- 20 weeks Alpha fetoprotein screening in pregnancy can help determine the presence of what in pregnancy? - answer>>spina bifida and anencephaly What is placenta previa? - answer>>when the placenta blocks the cervical opening of the uterus What is placenta abruptio? - answer>>when the placenta either fully or partially detaches from the uterine wall When does placental abruption most commonly occur? - answer>>in the third trimester What is the major difference in symptomalogy between placenta abruptio and placenta previa? - answer>>a placental abruption is painful whereas placenta previa is painless If a pregnant woman comes in with painless vaginal bleeding, what should we be considering? - answer>>placenta previa What is the recommended treatment for polymyalgia rheumatica? - answer>>steroids Patients with SLE are going to have what abnormal labwork? - answer>>elevated ESR and CRP How do we treat lupus flares? - answer>>steroids What are common sequelae of fibromyalgia? - answer>>insomnia and depression What is a great treatment option for fibromyalgia? - answer>>amitriptyline (a TCA) because it helps with chronic pain, sleep, and depression How is fibromyalgia diagnosed? - answer>>when at least 8 out of 11 points bilaterally are tender to touch and the symptoms have lasted longer than 3 months
What is slipped capital femoral epiphysis? - answer>>when the femoral head of the hip is out of place What is the trendelenburg sign and when is it positive? - answer>>when the patient is standing straight and the pelvis on the unaffected side drops; this is a sign of a slipped capital femoral epiphysis What is the main characteristic of a slipped capital femoral epiphysis? - answer>>walking with a limp SCFE is most common in which patient population? - answer>>adolescents What is legg-calve-perthe disease? - answer>>avascular necrosis of the femoral head due to a lack of blood supply Legg-calve-perthes disease is most common in which patient population? - answer>>young children What is the radiographic study of choice for the knee? - answer>>MRI What is the radiographic study of choice for the back? - answer>>x ray What is bursitis? - answer>>a fluid collection in the bursa of a joint How is bursitis treated? - answer>>a needle to instill intraarticular steroids and then pull off fluid Bursitis can be a issue - answer>>recurrent The medical term for knock knees - answer>>genu valgum The medical term for bow legs - answer>>genu varum What is myasthenia gravis? - answer>>an autoimmune disorder that causes muscle weakness of the voluntary muscles
How do we treat any rotator cuff injuries? - answer>>wear a sling to stabilize the arm and refer to ortho How long do migraine headaches last? - answer>>4-72 hours How can we abort cluster headaches? - answer>>calcium or 100% oxygen application Which type of headaches come with lacrimation and sinus symptoms? - answer>>cluster headaches What bacteria is the leading cause of urethritis? - answer>>neisseria gonorrhea What is the most common cause of hypercortisolism? - answer>>excessive ACTH production How do we treat developmental hip dysplasia in a child under 6 months? - answer>>Pavlik harness; if older than 6 months may need surgery It is recommended that all children younger than with sickle cell anemia take daily prophylactic antibiotics. What antibiotic is this? - answer>>5 years old; penicillin When can cervical cancer screening stop if no abnormal screening history is present? - answer>>age 65 When should breast cancer screening begin and end with a biannual mammogram? - answer>>age 50 - 74 When should colorectal cancer screening stop? - answer>>age 85 Who qualifies for a low dose CT scan for lung cancer screening purposes? - answer>>age 50 - 80 years anyone who currently smokes or has stopped smoking within the last 5 years What does an ASC-US (atypical squamos cells of undetermined significance) pap smear result necessitate? - answer>>Do HPV testing with this. If positive, repeat in one year if age 21 - 24 or send for colposcopy if older than 25. If negative, repeat pap in 3 years.
Which pap smear result is considered to be HPV positive? - answer>>LSIL If a patient has LSIL with a negative HPV test, what would you do? - answer>>repeat in 1 year If a patient has LSIL with no HPV test or a positive HPV test, what should you do? - answer>>refer for colposcopy If a patient's pap results show NILM, what should you do? - answer>>repeat in 3 years If a patient's pap results show ASC-H or HSIL what should you do? - answer>>refer for colposcopy The valgus stress test assesses what? - answer>>the medial collateral ligament The varus stress test assesses what? - answer>>the lateral collateral ligament The Lachman's test assesses what? - answer>>the ACL The McMurray's test assesses for what? - answer>>a torn meniscus The anterior drawer test assesses what? - answer>>the acl The posterior drawer test assesses what? - answer>>the posterior cruciate ligament (pcl) a normal rise in blood sugar as a person's body prepares to wake up due to a release of cortisol and growth hormone - answer>>dawn phenomenon How can you tell between the dawn and somogyi effect? - answer>>If the blood sugar level is low at 2 a.m. to 3 a.m., suspect the Somogyi effect. If the blood sugar level is normal or high at 2 a.m. to 3 a.m., it's likely the dawn phenomenon.
