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Lecture notes about anthropology
Typology: Lecture notes
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Horace Miner (1912-1993) was an American anthropologist, studied language and agricultural practice, i.e Africa. Main Ideas: The Nacimera are depicted as strange and alien → especially through:
B) Values: fundamental beliefs about what is important, what is good, what is true, and so forth ● Symbols: something that stands for something else, e.g. language, flags, religion, foods. ● Mental maps of reality: maps that people construct to respond to reality Example 1: Hip Hop Music -Originated in the early 1970’s by African Americans and Caribbean immigrants in the Bronx (New York City, United States) -A subculture, characterized by MC-ing/rapping, Dj-ing/scratching records, breakdancing, and graffiti art →reaction to marginalization -Spread all over the world and becomes mainstream -Higher Brothers are a Chinese hip hop group from Chengdu, singing in English, standard Mandarin and Sichuan Dialect -Signed up with the American label 88rising -An example of cultural diffusion and cosmopolitanism Example 2: The US Constitution and the Haudenosaunee (Iroquois) Confederacy -1787: Constitutional Convention → Four years after the United States won its independence from Great Britain -55 state delegates, including George Washington, James Madison, and Benjamin Franklin, convened in Philadelphia to compose a new U.S constitution → The Articles of Confederation -There were no models from Europe that they could learn from -Borrowed from Haudenosaunee (Iroquois) Confederacy, one of the world's oldest participatory democracies (survives until today) -THe Haudenosaunee Confederacy was formed around 1570 and 1600 by five nations: The Mohawks, the Onondaga, the Cayuga, the Oneida, and the Seneca. The Tuscarora joined later (1722) -They formed a multi-state government -Benjamin Franklin diminished the improvement/achievements of native american society (Federalism) -Congress passed a 1988 resolution formally acknowledging the Haudenosaunee (Iroquois) Confederacy on the U.S Constitution Civilization vs. Culture -”Civilzation” comes from the french →denoting some sort of achievements, a complex social structure, progress, and so forth → narrower than the term “culture”. -It can refer to the culture of a complex society, e.g. Inca civilization -Create a distinction between uncivilized and civilized, especially in the 18-19th century
(b) A mask as a symbol of tyranny (especially by the federal government →anti-big government) (c) Anti-mask mandate as a symbol of individual liberty (d) Anti-mask as a symbol of distrust of science and the health care system (e) Anti-mask as a symbol against urban elite(ism) Culture and Property