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ANNUAL

REPORT

OCEAN ENERGY SYSTEMS

2 2016 ANNUAL REPORT

2016 ANNUAL REPORT

Published by: The Executive Committee of Ocean Energy Systems Edited by: Ana Brito e Melo and José Luis Villate Designed by: Formas do Possível. Creative Studio | www.formasdopossivel.com

Disclaimer: Ocean Energy Systems (OES), also known as the Technology Collaboration Programme (TCP) on Ocean Energy Systems, functions within a framework created by the International Energy Agency (IEA). Views, findings and publications of the OES do not necessarily represent the views or policies of the IEA Secretariat or its individual member countries.

5

5. INTERNATIONAL SITUATION ON OCEAN ENERGY

Belgium Canada China Denmark European Commission France Germany India Ireland Italy Japan Mexico Monaco Netherlands New Zealand Norway Portugal Republic of Korea Singapore Spain Sweden UK USA

6. WORLWIDE INSTALLED CAPACITY

APPENDICES Appendix 1. The Role of the IEA Appendix 2. Membership of the Executive Committee Appendix 3. Executive Committee Meetings Appendix 4. Completed Projects

CHAIRMAN’S MESSAGE

NEW CHAIRMAN’S BIOGRAPHY

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

1. OVERVIEW OF OES

Vision, Mission and Values

Membership

Executive Committee

2. WORK PROGRAMME

Ongoing Tasks

International Co-Operation

3. MAIN ACHIEVEMENTS IN 2016

Task 1. Collection of Information and Dissemination

Task 4. Assessment of Environmental Effects and Monitoring Efforts

Task 5. Exchange and Assessment of Ocean Energy Device Project Information and Experience

Task 6. Worldwide Web Gis Database for Ocean Energy

Task 7. Cost of Energy Assessment for Wave, Tidal and OTEC

Task 8. Consenting Processes for Ocean Energy

Task 9. International Ocean Energy Technology Roadmap

Task 10. Wave Energy Conversion Modelling Verification and Validation

Task 11. Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion

4. INTERVIEW TO OPEN SEA TEST CENTRES

EMEC - UK

FORCE - CANADA

NNMREC - USA

BIMEP - SPAIN

Nagasaki AMEC - JAPAN

CONTENTS

7

Henry Jeffrey is a specialist in ocean energy roadmaps, action plans and strategies. In 1998 he was awarded a BEng in Mechanical Engineering with 1st class honours from Robert Gordon University and he subsequently attained an MBA degree from Aberdeen Business School in 2006. Following completion of his undergraduate qualification, Henry took the role of Development Engineer with Scottish wave energy developer Wavegen where he remained for 5 years, gaining invaluable industrial experience at the cutting edge of the ocean energy sector. Henry then moved to the University of Edinburgh, where he is currently a Senior Lecturer and leads the Policy and Innovation Group in the Institute for Energy Systems. In this role he contributes to a diverse range of national, European and international ocean energy R&D projects. He leads work on many roadmap and strategy studies and is the coordinator of the EU funded DTOcean project. In addition to his roles at the University of Edinburgh, Henry is the coordinator of the European Energy Research Alliance (EERA) Ocean Energy Joint Programme, serves as Head of Strategy and Internationalisation at Wave Energy Scotland, is responsible for industrial liaison at the SuperGen UK Centre for Marine Energy Research (UKCMER) and has been involved with the IEA Ocean Energy Systems initiative as both UK representative and vice-chair. Henry has authored or co-authored over 30 journal and conference papers along with many of the most notable roadmap and strategy reports in the ocean energy sector.

NEW

CHAIRMAN’S

BIOGRAPHY

MR. HENRY JEFFREY University of Edinburgh. OES Chairman 2017 – 2018

8 2016 ANNUAL REPORT

EXECUTIVE

SUMMARY

Ocean Energy Systems (OES) is the

short name for the Technology

Collaboration Programme on Ocean

Energy Systems under the International

Energy Agency (IEA). This Annual Report

presents an overview of the activities

undertaken within OES in 2016.

Dr. Ana Brito e Melo OES Executive Secretary

INTRODUCTION

The IEA Technology Collaboration Programme on Ocean Ener- gy Systems is one of the collaborative R&D Programmes estab- lished within the IEA, and since its establishment in 2001, the OES participants have been conducting a variety of joint pro- jects. During 2016, the Executive evaluated the achievements of its present 5-year term that will end up in February 2017 and prepared a new Strategic Plan for its 4th 5-year mandate (

• 2022).

The End of Term Report and new Strategic Plan were submitted to the IEA and presented by the Chairman in the Renewable Energy Working Party meeting in Beijing, China (17 -18 October 2016).

2016 was marked by the entry of three new members: India, France and the European Commission. On the other hand, Aus- tralia, after being inactive for 2 years, withdrew the OES, but with a strong hope to soon re-join and to make efforts to iden- tify the appropriate entity to represent the Government in the OES.

At the end of 2016, OES has 25 members, which provide a broad international base of information, sharing experience and knowledge and further a diversified representation of interests: members are from governmental departments, utilities, univer- sities and research organizations, energy agencies and industry associations. This is one of the benefits of joining OES: partici- pants gain an international perspective on ocean energy issues, opportunities and present challenges.

The OES international co-operation facilitates:

- Securing access to advanced R&D teams in the participat- ing countries - Developing a harmonized set of measures and testing pro- tocols for the testing of prototypes - Reducing national costs by collaborating internationally - Creating valuable international contacts between govern- ment, industry and science - Information sharing and networking

This Executive Summary provides a brief summary of the 2016 OES Annual Report. It synthesizes the main achievements in the OES collaborative activities and presents relevant policies and projects by each OES member country. As in previous years, this Annual Report includes a contribution by acknowledged experts from testing centres. Representatives from 5 open sea test cen- tres (EMEC/UK, FORCE/Canada, Oregon/USA, Nagasaki Ma- rine Industry Cluster Promotion Association/Japan and BIMEP/ Spain) have been invited to respond to a few questions related with the role of these test centres, difficulties and opportunities.

10 2016 ANNUAL REPORT

OCEAN ENERGY POLICIES IN MEMBER COUNTRIES

Ocean energy is promoted by governments as a renewable source of energy that will help to tackle climate change and contribute to energy security. OES member countries are developing specific strategies and plans for ocean energy and committing national funding for ocean energy research, development and deployment (RD&D).

The year 2016 witnessed relevant governmental initiatives around the world:

- In the United States, the Department of Energy (DOE) has been actively involved in the preparation of a National Strategy for Marine and Hydrokinetic energy. Stakeholders were invited to give feedback on it by the end of 2016. One of the goals of the plan is to support research to reduce deployment barriers and to accelerate project per- mitting processes. In 2016, the total governmental funding for ocean energy amounted to $44.3 million, of which $27.3 million were allocated to new calls for ocean (and river) energy RD&D projects, addressing key technical and market barriers to commercial deployment in USA. In December 2016, up to $40 million was awarded to develop an open-water, grid-connected national wave energy testing facility in Newport, Oregon, by the Northwest National Marine Renewable Energy Center at Oregon State University. The development of comprehensive testing infra- structures is a strategic imperative for the DOE Water Power Program to successfully address sector challenges. Further, the outcomes of the Wave Energy Prize, a public prize challenge also sponsored by the DOE Program, were announced in late 2016: AquaHarmonics, CalWave Power Technologies and Waveswing America were awarded first, second and third place, respectively. - The Government of Canada has been supporting the advancement of a legislative framework for offshore renew- able energy which have included broad stakeholder engagements in 2016 and additional stakeholder engagements planned for 2017 conducted by Natural Resources Canada involving provincial and territorial governments, industry associations, environmental organizations and indigenous organizations. At the provincial level, Nova Scotia is get- ting ready to release Marine Renewable Energy Regulations , which will lead to the designation of an area for marine energy development. To date, over $50 million national public funding has been committed to marine energy since 2010; Nova Scotia has directly invested in the FORCE development initiative through a contribution of $11 million, in addition to the support for a number of strategic research projects in marine energy. - Mexico reached, in 2016, the final agreements for the creation of the Mexican Centre for Innovation on Ocean Ener- gy (CEMIE-Ocean). This initiative is seen as a collaborative effort between the government, academia and industry in scientific and applied research for ocean energy and training. It will formally start activities at the beginning of 2017. - In 2016, a new Action Plan for Energy (2016-2030) was released by the Chinese Government with specific goals for marine renewable energies by 2030. Also in December last year, the Government release the 13th Five-Year Plan for Renewable Energy with a target of 50 MW by 2020 for ocean energy. This plan promotes the construction of ocean energy test sites. In 2016, RMB 100 million budget were granted by SFPMRE (Special Funding Plan for Ma- rine Renewable Energy) to support 6 projects. To date, China has committed approximately RMB 1 billion to marine renewable energy RD&D, since 2010. - The Republic of Korea has a national strategy for the development of ocean energy, approved by the Government in 2015. Its key action plan is to stimulate R&D and commercialization of ocean energy technologies. Market incen- tives for renewables based on the Renewable Energy Certificates (REC) policy have been implemented. In order to accelerate market development, the currently REC value for tidal current of 2.0 is under review, considering to be increased. In addition, the inclusion of wave and ocean thermal energies in REC policy has started to be discussed. - New Zealand has been developing a strategic approach to the Government’s research investment in marine resourc- es, known as “Sustainable Seas National Science Challenge”. The Challenge aims to support the development of new environmentally sustainable technologies and activities that will add value to the marine economy. Two calls for proposals were launched in 2016 with a partial focus on the Blue Economy.

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TABLE 1: POLICY SUPPORT MECHANISMS

NATIONAL STRATEGY

Ocean energy targetsRoadmap for ocean energyDetailed resource assessmentMarine spatial plan Australia

Belgium

Canada

China

Denmark

European Union

France

Germany

India

Ireland

Italy

Japan

Korea

Mexico

Netherlands

Monaco

Norway

New Zealand

Nigeria

Portugal

Singapore

South Africa

Spain

Sweden

United Kingdom

USA

Fundamental R&DProtoype testingTesting centers

MARKET INCENTIVES

Feed-in tariff or PremiumROC Tradable green certificatesRE portfolio standardOpen sea testing centersStreamlined licencing regime

FINANCING

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x x

x

x x x^ x x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x x x x x x x

x x

x x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

UD

UD

UD

UD

UD

UD

UD

UD

UD UD

UD

UD UD

x x x x x x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x x

x

x x

x

x

x

x x x x x x x

x

x

x

x

x

UD UD

x x x

x x

x

x x x UD x x x

x x

x

x

Updated: December 2016 Source: OES UD: Under development

x x x x x x x x x x

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PROGRESS ON OPEN SEA TESTING

2016 saw many positive developments in ocean energy projects worldwide. Elsewhere, notable projects have come into construction, deployment and testing over 2016:

- Verdant Power continues prior work on cost-effective O&M procedures; - Igiugig Village, Alaska, has partnered with Ocean Renewable Power Company (ORPC) to develop the RivGen Power System, a submerged cross-flow river current turbine system; - Resolute Marine Energy has been working on the de- velopment of control systems for Oscillating Wave Surge Converters (OWSC), with plans to deploy a full scale system at Camp Rilea, Oregon.

CANADA

2016 marked a significant event for FORCE when Cape Sharp Tidal, a berth holder at FORCE, installed their first 2 MW turbine and completed the subsea cable connection in early November 2016. This turbine is now generating electricity for Nova Scotia. Another 20 MW of in-stream tidal energy deployments are planned to be deployed in the next two years at the FORCE site: Cape Sharp Tidal Venture (2 MW), Black Rock Tidal Power (5 MW), Minas Tidal Limited Partnership (4 MW), Atlantis Operations Canada (4.5 MW) and DP Marine Energy (4.5 MW). The 20 MW Annapolis Royal tidal barrage power plant from 1984 continues to operate today. Other projects in Canada have achieved significant milestones during the year:

- Water Wall Turbine deployed 500 kW in-stream tidal turbine at Dent Island, BC, in June 2016; - Idénergie tested 6 river hydrokinetic turbines in 2016, in British Columbia; - Mermaid Power Corporation deployed its Neptune wave energy device on Keats Island, in early Septem- ber 2016; - New Energy Corp. has been working in Manitoba to supply a 25 kW EnviroGen Power Generation System; - Mavi Innovations will be deploying a floating tidal tur- bine at Blind Channel Resort and Marina is scheduled for spring 2017; - Mermaid Power Corporation has been introducing modifications for a new device, Neptune 4, targeted for deployment in summer 2017; - Yourbrook Energy Systems launched a pilot project in Haida Gwaii in the Juskatla Narrows of Masset Inlet; - Big Moon Power successfully completed the test of their Kinetic Keel technology in the upper Bay of Fun- dy and are now planning their next steps.

THE UNITED STATES

In the United States significant investments and efforts were made in 2016 toward realizing commercial ocean energy technology. U.S. has a number of initiatives go- ing on related with several testing facilities: The Pacific Marine Energy Center (PMEC), consisting of two opera- tional test sites - the North Energy Test Site (NETS), off the coast of Newport, Oregon, and Lake Washington in Seattle, Washington – have both been operated by the Northwest National Marine Renewable Energy Center, which is a partnership between Oregon State Univer- sity, the University of Washington, and the University of Alaska Fairbanks. They are now progressing with the development of a full scale, open-ocean, grid-connected wave energy test facility that has been selected for an award that would fund its design, permit and construc- tion. The Southeast National Marine Renewable Energy Center (SNMREC), an Ocean Current Test Facility oper- ated by Florida Atlantic University, is working to advance research in open-ocean current systems. The Hawaii Na- tional Marine Renewable Energy Center (HINMREC) is supporting the Navy in the operation of the Navy’s Wave Energy Test Site (WETS) operated by the U.S. Naval Facil- ities Engineering Command, and hosts an Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion (OTEC) Test Site. Several other de- velopments are taking place in testing facilities in North Carolina, New Hampshire and Maine.

Among recent developments is the successful construc- tion and test of one of the world’s largest magnetically geared generators for direct-drive applications by ABB. Several other projects are moving ahead:

- Columbia Power Technologies, Inc., (CPwr) has com- menced dry testing of the commercial scale PTO at NREL; - Fred Olsen wave energy converter - the BOLT Lifesaver - has successfully been tested at the Navy’s Wave Energy Test Site since its deployment in March 2016; - Ocean Energy USA is progressing to initiate tests in 2017 at the Navy’s Wave Energy Test Site; - The Azura wave energy device has been testing a half scale device for 19 months since 2015 and will now progress to full scale; - Columbia Power Technologies, after 10 years of de- velopment effort, will be deploying a new improved wave energy device at sea;

14 2016 ANNUAL REPORT

MEXICO

A new wave energy device is being developed in Mexico as the result of the collaboration between industry and academia. The device is expected to be deployed close to the facilities of the port El Sauzal, Baja California, and laboratory experiments will be conducted during 2017.

CHINA

In 2016, there was good progress with the development of their three national test sites: the small scale test site in Weihai Shandong province, the tidal energy full scale test site in Zhoushan, Zhejiang Province, and a wave en- ergy full scale test site in Wanshan, Guangdong Province. Several projects in China have shown good progress:

- The platform of the LHD Tidal current energy demon- stration was deployed near the Xiushan Island in March 2016. This platform plans to accommodate 7 turbines with installed capacity of 3400 kW, 2 of which have already been installed (#1 turbine: 400 kW, # turbine: 600 kW) and connected to the grid; - The 120 KW turbine, installed by Zhejiang University (ZJU) near the Zhairuoshan Island, has been operating since 2015 and has accumulated over 30 MWh. New turbines are planned to be installed in 2017; - The hybrid project (wave, wind, bioenergy and solar energy), which includes a 300 kW, wave energy device has been approved by SOA; - A number of other R&D tidal current and wave ener- gy projects were tested in 2016, with the support of SFPMRE and lead by Chinese Universities. One of these projects, the 100 KW prototype of Sharp Eagle Wanshan deployed in Wanshan Islands since Novem- ber 2015 has accumulated over 30 MWh till June 2016; - An OTEC system was installed in 2016 with govern- mental support.

REPUBLIC OF KOREA

Korea has been conducting an R&D project led by KRISO aiming to develop a 10 MW wave and offshore wind hy- brid power generation system for deep ocean, involving 15 universities and research institutes and 10 industrial companies, funded by the Korean Government. Another R&D project supported by the Government was initiated in 2016: the development of an integrated energy stor- age system and wave energy converters, applicable to breakwaters in remote harbours. The research and de- velopment project of a 1 MW arrayed-buoy wave energy

converter, using the “Salter’s duck” concept, started in December 2016 and is expected to be ended by 2020 with sea trials near Jeju Island. 2016 saw relevant achievements in Korea:

- The construction of the 500 kW Yongsoo OWC Pilot Plant, 1.5 km Offshore Jeju Island was completed in July 2016 and has been operational since then; - INWave Onshore-Based wave energy plant developed by INGINE was deployed is the sea in close proximi- ty to the shoreline. Since the installation of its first 135 KW pilot plant on Jeju Island, in late 2015, the plant has been in operation, connected to the grid; - The “30 KW Heaving Semi-spheres with Hinged Arm Wave Energy Converter Platform” project conducted by Hwa Jin Co., was successfully concluded in 2016, with the installation of the prototype near Hupo-hang in the East Sea; - An Active-controlled Tidal Current Power Generation System (200 kW) was manufactured and is expected be deployed in 2017; - Since 2012, the development project for the 300 KW Floating Pendulum Wave Energy Converter has been carried out by KRISO with the support from MOF. In 2016, its construction was completed and it is planned to be tested at the open sea test centre of Jeju in 2018; - 20 KW OTEC and 200KW HOTEC plants are in op- eration and conducting the performance test at the Sea Water Utilization Plant Research Centre (SUPRC), in Gangwon-do Goseoung-gun. For the commercial- ization phase, KRISO is in charge of manufacturing a 1 MW OTEC demonstration plant, which is expected to be completed in 2018 and after tests transferred to Tarawa, Kiribati, in 2019.

INDIA

India continues the development of two types of floating wave energy devices, namely the backward bent duct- ed buoy (BBDB) and a wave powered navigational buoy. This second prototype will be tested offshore Chennai. Design of an OTEC powered desalination plant in Ka- varatti, in the Union Territory of Lakshadweep, has com- menced and scheduled completion is 30 months. India is also involved in the development of low temperature thermal desalination plants. The marine hydrokinetic turbines for Indian waters have low speeds and medium range torques and NIOT has been developing expertise to deliver products for these particular conditions.

16 2016 ANNUAL REPORT

- The Normandie Hydro tidal turbine pilot farm project, located in the Raz Blanchard tidal race, is progress- ing through the construction and installation stage. Planned for a 20-year period of operation, the 14 MW farm of 7 OpenHydro tidal turbines is coordinated by DCNS in cooperation with the French utility EDF; - HYDROQUEST and CMN, together with the Univer- sity of Caen Normandy, were awarded funding, in February 2016, to install a Hydroquest demonstrator turbine of 1 MW on the Paimpol-Bréhat EDF test site in autumn 2017; - France is also heavily investing in OTEC: a 10.6 MW OTEC floating plant is being developped for the Mar- tinique caribbean island.

MONACO

In Monaco, ocean energy activities are related with the demonstration of sea water heat pumps to generate en- ergy. The number of sea water heat pumps is expected to increase in the near future.

SPAIN

The Mutriku wave power plant completed its first five years of continuous operation reaching, by the end of 2016, a record of cumulative energy produced from waves with more than 1.3 GWh injected into the power grid. Also in the Basque Country, the Biscay Marine En- ergy Platform (BiMEP) open sea test centre promoted by EVE and IDAE, has been in operation since its inaugura- tion in July 2015. In 2016 several Spanish projects achieved good mile- stones:

- The so called MARMOK-A-5 device, developed by OCEANTEC, was deployed in October at BiMEP and grid connected, delivering the first kWh in December. This is the first floating wave energy device connected to the grid in Spain; - An offshore platform was installed at PLOCAN on the Canary Islands, which together with the electrical infrastructure expected in early 2017 will allow PLO- CAN to be fully operational in 2017; - The wave energy device prototype developed by Wedge has been tested at PLOCAN site; - Rotary Wave developed a 1:4 scale device to demon- strate its Butterfly technology in the Mediterranean Sea.

PORTUGAL

In 2016, there were two active developers in Portugal: AW-Energy from Finland and Bombora Wave Power from Australia. Bombora has been taking the first steps, preparing the documentation to apply for the licence of a first prototype in Portugal; AW-Energy has been working with Portuguese authorities to license the first-of-a-kind commercial scale device expected to be built and de- ployed during the spring/summer of 2017, with funding from the InnovFin Energy Demo Projects (EDP) scheme, a joint initiative by the EIB Group and the European Com- mission. Simultaneously, AW-Energy has also started to plan their first wave energy park in Peniche - the project called “Ondas de Peniche” winner of the NER 300. Pico OWC plant in Azores produced over 39 MWh in 2016.

ITALY

The Italian company Enel Green Power with DCNS from France have been selected by the Chilean Government’s economic development organization CORFO ( Corpo- ración de Fomento de la Producción ) to set up a centre of marine energy R&D excellence in Chile, named Marine Energy Research and Innovation Centre (MERIC). In Italy, a number of successful projects were active in 2016:

- The first full scale prototype (100 kW) of GEM, “the Ocean’s Kite” turbine built by a consortium of Ve- netian companies, has been deployed in the Venice Lagoon. The next step will be the development and deployment of a 200 kW in the Strait of Messina; - A new prototype of the “Kobold Turbine” was built (120-150 kW) and will be placed on the Lomboc Is- land (east of Bali); - Enel Green Power has bought the H24 wave energy device from the Italian company 40South Energy and will support the development and commercialisation of the technology; - Enel Green Power is evaluating an onshore OWC sys- tem, a caisson breakwater plant, called REWEC (Res- onant Wave Energy Converter) built in Civitavecchia Port; - The wave energy device called ISWEC has been test- ed since 2015 on Pantelleria Island; - The Italian manufacturing company Umbra initiated collaboration with the French start-up EEL Energy, which has been developing an innovative tidal ener- gy device with a flexible membrane actuated by tidal currents; first test campaigns are scheduled for 2017.

17

BELGIUM

The Flemish wave energy developer Laminaria is planning a deployment at the EMEC test site in Orkney, Scotland in 2017 (LAMWEC project).

DENMARK

The DanWEC wave energy test site was very active in 2016 with two Danish companies Wavepiston and Resen Waves and the German wave energy system NEMOS. Another two devices - Weptos and CrestWing - are mak- ing progress to test their devices in 2017 in Denmark.

THE NETHERLANDS

REDstack, a salinity plant in The Netherlands, was re- warded in 2016 as one of the three ‘National Icons’. Also, during the year several activities with tidal current pro- jects have been progressing. The 1.25 MW tidal power plant in the Eastern Scheldt, installed by the end of 2015, performed very well during the year. In the OTEC 2016 symposium in Amsterdam, organised by the Dutch company BlueRise, a Memorandum of Un- derstanding (MoU) was signed between the Dutch Ma- rine Energy Centre (DMEC), the Dutch Energy from Wa- ter Association (EWA) and the Ocean Energy Association of Japan.

GERMANY

In Germany there is no ocean energy deployment or test- ing activity in the sea, however around 15 R&D institutes and universities and a number of companies are active in ocean energy:

- SCHOTTEL HYDRO is developing a prototype of the semi-submersible tidal power platform “TRITON”, scheduled to be deployed at the FORCE tidal research centre at the Bay of Fundy, Canada; - ANDRITZ HYDRO delivered three turbines to Mey- Gen project; - Bosch Rexroth has been developing electro-active polymers for power generation and published a final report in 2016; - The NEMOS GmbH has been testing a 1:5 scale wave energy device at the Nissum Bredning Test Station in Denmark; - SINN Power GmbH has been tested their first wave power module at the Port of Heraklion, Greece.

NORWAY

In Norway, two prototypes were deployed during 2016: the 250 kW Deep River pilot project and the Tide Tec scaled turbine prototype by Tidetec AS. A number of Norwegian companies are planning deployments to take place during 2017. Runde Environmental Centre (REC), located on Runde Island on the Norwegian west coast, was active in 2016 with the testing of the Swedish developer Waves4power. This project is now being upgraded to be re-deployed be- fore the end of 2017.

SWEDEN

The Lysekil wave energy research test site at the west coast of Sweden has been grid connected since Novem- ber 2015; at the Lysekil site, preparations have been made during 2016 for next year´s grid connection of three wave energy converters. Two other projects deployed in Sweden have been op- erational: the Söderfors marine current project and the Sotenäs project. At Söderfors site, the turbine blades were changed in 2016 and the vertical marine current converter was grid connected. The Sotenäs Project was initiated in November 2011 and 36 wave energy convert- ers (corresponding to 3 MW) have been deployed along with the subsea generator switchgear. The wave power plant was initially grid connected in January 2016. This project is funded by the Swedish Energy Agency, the power company Fortum and by Seabased Industry AB. Waves4Power is a Swedish company demonstrating a full scale wave power device at sea, in Runde, in Norway. A few other deployments from Swedish companies are planned to take place outside Sweden: Minesto develop- ing Deep Green for low-velocity tidal and ocean currents; CorPower Ocean at EMEC; Seabased signed a contract for a wave energy park in Ghana, which is under installation.

19

TEST SITE NAME LOCATION

BELGIUM

Ostend wave energy test site

Harbour of Ostend

TEST SITE NAME LOCATION

CHINA

National tidal energy full scale test site

National small scale test site

National wave energy full scale test site

Zhoushan, Zhejiang Province

Weihai, Shandong Province

Wanshan, Guangdong Province

TEST SITE NAME LOCATION

DENMARK

DanWEC Hanstholm DanWEC NB Nissum Bredning

TEST SITE NAME LOCATION

FRANCE

SEENEOH estuarine and ¼ scale tidal site

SEM-REV, wave and floating offshore wind test-site

Paimpol-Brehat, tidal site

Bordeaux

Le Croisic

Bréhat

TEST SITE NAME LOCATION

SWEDEN

The Lysekil wave energy research test site Lysekil

Söderfors research site Dalälven

TEST SITE NAME LOCATION

NORWAY

Runde Environmental Centre (REC) Runde Island

TEST SITE NAME LOCATION

NEW ZEALAND

NZ Marine Energy Centre Cook Strait

TEST SITE NAME LOCATION

REPUBLIC OF KOREA

Tidal Energy Open Sea Test Centre(Undecided)

K-WETEC(Korea Wave Energy Test and Evaluation Centre)

Undecided

Jeju

Operational Under Development Planned Grid connected

20 2016 ANNUAL REPORT