ANCC-PMHNP Diagnosis & Treatment Comprehensive Test Guide 2024, Exams of Nursing

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PMHNP

Diagnosis & Treatment

COMPREHENSIVE TEST GUIDE

1. DSM- 5 - TR Diagnostic Criteria Question: A 25-year-old male presents with persistent sadness, loss of interest in activities, and significant weight loss over the past two months. According to DSM- 5 - TR, which diagnosis is most appropriate?

• A) Bipolar Disorder
• B) Major Depressive Disorder
• C) Generalized Anxiety Disorder
• D) Schizophrenia

Answer: B) Major Depressive Disorder

Rationale: The symptoms described align with the DSM- 5 - TR criteria for Major Depressive Disorder, which includes persistent sadness, loss of interest, and significant weight changes.

2. Diagnosis Question: A 40-year-old female reports excessive worry about various aspects of her life for the past six months. She also experiences restlessness and muscle tension. What is the most likely diagnosis?

• A) Panic Disorder
• B) Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
• C) Generalized Anxiety Disorder
• D) Social Anxiety Disorder

Answer: C) Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs)

Rationale: SSRIs are commonly used as the first-line treatment for Major Depressive Disorder due to their efficacy and safety profile.

5. Pharmacotherapeutic Management Question: A patient with Bipolar Disorder is experiencing a manic episode. Which medication is most appropriate for acute management?

• A) Lithium
• B) Fluoxetine
• C) Buspirone
• D) Bupropion

Answer: A) Lithium

Rationale: Lithium is a mood stabilizer that is effective in managing acute manic episodes in Bipolar Disorder.

6. DSM- 5 - TR Diagnostic Criteria Question: A 30-year-old female presents with a history of multiple physical complaints over several years, which have led to significant impairment. What is the most likely diagnosis?

• A) Somatic Symptom Disorder
• B) Illness Anxiety Disorder
• C) Conversion Disorder

• D) Factitious Disorder

Answer: A) Somatic Symptom Disorder

Rationale: Persistent physical complaints causing significant impairment align with the criteria for Somatic Symptom Disorder.

7. Diagnosis Question: A 22-year-old male reports experiencing intense fear and discomfort in social situations, leading to avoidance. What is the most likely diagnosis?

• A) Panic Disorder
• B) Social Anxiety Disorder
• C) Agoraphobia
• D) Specific Phobia

Answer: B) Social Anxiety Disorder

Rationale: Intense fear and avoidance of social situations are characteristic of Social Anxiety Disorder.

8. Complementary and Alternative Treatments Question: Which alternative therapy is often used to manage symptoms of PTSD?

• A) Hypnotherapy
• B) Reiki

• B) Haloperidol
• C) Clonazepam
• D) Carbamazepine

Answer: A) Methylphenidate

Rationale: Methylphenidate is a stimulant medication commonly used to treat ADHD in adults.

11. DSM- 5 - TR Diagnostic Criteria Question: A 45-year-old male presents with persistent delusions and auditory hallucinations for the past six months. What is the most likely diagnosis?

• A) Schizoaffective Disorder
• B) Schizophrenia
• C) Bipolar Disorder with Psychotic Features
• D) Major Depressive Disorder with Psychotic Features

Answer: B) Schizophrenia

Rationale: Persistent delusions and hallucinations for six months meet the criteria for Schizophrenia.

12. Diagnosis

Question: A 35-year-old female reports experiencing recurrent, unexpected panic attacks and persistent concern about having more attacks. What is the most likely diagnosis?

• A) Generalized Anxiety Disorder
• B) Panic Disorder
• C) Social Anxiety Disorder
• D) Specific Phobia

Answer: B) Panic Disorder

Rationale: Recurrent, unexpected panic attacks and concern about future attacks are indicative of Panic Disorder.

13. Complementary and Alternative Treatments Question: Which complementary therapy is often used to reduce anxiety symptoms?

• A) Yoga
• B) Chiropractic Care
• C) Homeopathy
• D) Magnet Therapy

Answer: A) Yoga

Rationale: Yoga has been shown to be effective in reducing anxiety symptoms through physical activity and mindfulness.

16. DSM- 5 - TR Diagnostic Criteria Question: A 28-year-old male presents with a pattern of unstable relationships, self-image, and affects, along with marked impulsivity. What is the most likely diagnosis?

• A) Narcissistic Personality Disorder
• B) Borderline Personality Disorder
• C) Antisocial Personality Disorder
• D) Histrionic Personality Disorder

Answer: B) Borderline Personality Disorder

Rationale: Unstable relationships, self-image, and impulsivity are key features of Borderline Personality Disorder.

17. Diagnosis Question: A 50-year-old female reports experiencing persistent intrusive thoughts and repetitive behaviors aimed at reducing anxiety. What is the most likely diagnosis?

• A) Generalized Anxiety Disorder
• B) Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
• C) Panic Disorder
• D) Specific Phobia

Answer: B) Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder

Rationale: Persistent intrusive thoughts and repetitive behaviors are characteristic of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder.

18. Complementary and Alternative Treatments Question: Which herbal supplement is commonly used to treat symptoms of anxiety?

• A) Echinacea
• B) Ginkgo Biloba
• C) Kava
• D) Ginseng

Answer: C) Kava

Rationale: Kava is an herbal supplement that has been shown to reduce symptoms of anxiety.

19. Psychopharmacotherapeutic Management Question: Which medication is often used as an adjunctive treatment for Major Depressive Disorder when first-line treatments are insufficient?

• A) Aripiprazole
• B) Lorazepam
• C) Carbamazepine
• D) Propranolol

D) Schizophrenia

Correct Answer: B) Major Depressive Disorder

Rationale: The symptoms described align with the diagnostic criteria for Major Depressive Disorder, characterized by persistent depressive symptoms. Case Study Question 2: When considering a differential diagnosis for a patient with symptoms of mood instability, impulsivity, and recurrent self-harming behaviors, which disorder should be ruled out first? A) Borderline Personality Disorder B) Bipolar Disorder C) Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder D) Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder

Correct Answer: A) Borderline Personality Disorder

Rationale: Borderline Personality Disorder often presents with symptoms of mood instability and self-harming behaviors, which can be confused with Bipolar Disorder. Case Study Question 3: In the context of complementary and alternative treatments for anxiety disorders, which approach focuses on promoting relaxation and stress reduction through controlled breathing techniques? A) Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy B) Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction

C) Acupuncture D) Aromatherapy

Correct Answer: B) Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction

Rationale: Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction is a technique commonly used to reduce anxiety by promoting relaxation and stress reduction. Case Study Question 4: A patient with a history of treatment-resistant depression is being considered for psychopharmacotherapy. Which class of medications is often prescribed as an augmentation strategy in such cases? A) Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs) B) Benzodiazepines C) Atypical Antipsychotics D) Tricyclic Antidepressants

Correct Answer: C) Atypical Antipsychotics

Rationale: Atypical Antipsychotics are commonly used as augmentation agents in treatment-resistant depression due to their additional effects on mood regulation. Case Study Question 5: When managing a patient with schizophrenia who is experiencing severe positive symptoms such as hallucinations and delusions, which type of medication is typically considered first-line treatment? A) Mood Stabilizers B) Antidepressants

C) Hyperactivity only D) Both inattention and hyperactivity-impulsivity

Correct Answer: D) Both inattention and hyperactivity-impulsivity

Rationale: The diagnosis of ADHD requires the presence of symptoms related to both inattention and hyperactivity-impulsivity. Case Study Question 8: In the context of complementary treatments for PTSD, which approach focuses on exposing the individual to traumatic memories in a safe and controlled environment? A) Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) B) Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT) C) Prolonged Exposure Therapy D) Herbal Supplements

Correct Answer: C) Prolonged Exposure Therapy

Rationale: Prolonged Exposure Therapy is a common approach for treating PTSD by gradually exposing individuals to their traumatic memories in a safe setting. Case Study Question 9: A patient with treatment-refractory OCD is being considered for psychopharmacotherapy. Which class of medications is often prescribed as a first-line treatment for OCD? A) Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs) B) Antipsychotics

C) Benzodiazepines D) Tricyclic Antidepressants

Correct Answer: A) Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs)

Rationale: SSRIs are commonly used as first-line treatment for OCD due to their efficacy in managing obsessive-compulsive symptoms. Case Study Question 10: When managing a patient with bipolar disorder who is experiencing a manic episode, which class of medications is typically considered as a mood stabilizer? A) Antidepressants B) Anxiolytics C) Lithium D) Antipsychotics

Correct Answer: C) Lithium

Rationale: Lithium is a common mood stabilizer used in the treatment of bipolar disorder, particularly during manic episodes. Case Study Question 11: A patient with chronic pain is exploring alternative treatments. Which complementary therapy focuses on using thin needles to stimulate specific points on the body? A) Reiki B) Hypnotherapy

C) Antipsychotics D) Mood Stabilizers

Correct Answer: C) Antipsychotics

Rationale: Antipsychotic medications are used to manage both positive and negative symptoms of schizophrenia, including social withdrawal and apathy. Case Study Question 14: A patient with chronic insomnia is interested in exploring complementary treatments. Which alternative therapy focuses on using breathing techniques and meditation to promote relaxation? A) Tai Chi B) Reflexology C) Yoga D) Tai Chi

Correct Answer: C) Yoga

Rationale: Yoga involves breathing techniques, meditation, and physical postures that can help improve sleep quality and promote relaxation. Case Study Question 15: When considering a diagnosis of PTSD, which DSM- 5 - TR criterion focuses on the persistent negative alterations in cognition and mood following exposure to a traumatic event? A) Intrusion Symptoms B) Avoidance Symptoms

C) Arousal and Reactivity Symptoms D) Alterations in Arousal and Reactivity

Correct Answer: D) Alterations in Arousal and Reactivity

Rationale: This criterion in the DSM- 5 - TR encompasses the persistent negative alterations in cognition and mood that can occur after experiencing a traumatic event. Case Study Question 16: A patient with panic disorder is considering pharmacotherapy. Which class of medications is commonly used as first-line treatment for panic attacks? A) Antipsychotics B) Benzodiazepines C) Antidepressants D) Beta-Blockers

Correct Answer: C) Antidepressants

Rationale: Antidepressants, particularly Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs), are often prescribed as first-line treatment for panic disorder due to their efficacy in reducing panic attacks. Case Study Question 17: In the context of complementary treatments for depression, which approach focuses on changing negative thought patterns and behaviors through structured therapy sessions? A) Acupuncture