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Anatomy of the bones of the crane and face, Study notes of Anatomy

Study document on facial and cranial bones

Typology: Study notes

2021/2022

Available from 04/17/2023

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AXIAL SKELETON: BONES OF
THE CRANIUM AND FACE
Lecture 2
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AXIAL SKELETON: BONES OF

THE CRANIUM AND FACE

Lecture 2

The Skeleton

• SKELETON

  • 206 bones total
  • 2 categories:
    • Axial (skull, vertebral column, & thoracic cage)
    • Appendicular (UE, LE, Pelvic Girdle)

Cranium

  • Encloses and protects the brain
  • Provides attachment for muscles of the scalp, lower jaw, neck and back Consists of 8 bones:
    • Frontal - Temporal (2)
    • Parietal (2) - Sphenoid
    • Occipital - Ethmoid

Helpful Definitions…

  • Fissure : narrow slit/deep sulcus
  • Foramen : opening through bone/membrane
  • Fossa : shallow depression (cavity)
  • Sulcus: groove
  • Meatus : tubelike opening, passage or canal
  • Process : projection
  • Condyle : round protuberance

Frontal Sinus

Parietal Bones “Wall”

  • Form lateral aspect of cranium
  • Join on top of the skull (sagittal suture)
  • Unite with the frontal bone (coronal suture)
  • Unite with the occipital bone (lambdoidal suture)

Occipital Bone

  • Forms posterior wall and floor of cranium
  • Meets parietal bone at lambdoidal suture
  • Foramen magnum
  • Occipital condyles
  • Hypoglossal canal
  • Superior and Inferior nuchal lines
  • External occipital protuberance

Occipital bone

Fontanels

Temporal Bone

  • Below parietal bones
  • Unite with parietal bones at squamosal suture
  • External auditory meatus
  • Mandibular fossa
  • Zygomatic process
  • Styloid process
  • Mastoid process
  • Stylomastoid foramen

Temporal bone

Sphenoid bone

  • “Butterfly” shaped bone
  • Forms lower lat. wall of cranium, part of floor of cranium and post wall of orbit
  • Greater / lesser wings
  • Sella Turcica “turkish saddle”
  • Foramen Rotundum
  • Foramen Ovale
  • Foramen Spinosum

Sphenoid Bone

Sphenoid Bone