Docsity
Docsity

Prepare for your exams
Prepare for your exams

Study with the several resources on Docsity


Earn points to download
Earn points to download

Earn points by helping other students or get them with a premium plan


Guidelines and tips
Guidelines and tips

Anatomy and Physiology - Urinary System Outline - Lecture Slides |, Study notes of Physiology

urinary system outline Material Type: Notes; Class: Anatomy & Physiology; Subject: Biology / Biological Sciences; University: Schoolcraft College; Term: Forever 1989;

Typology: Study notes

2009/2010

Uploaded on 12/07/2010

ephrayim921
ephrayim921 🇺🇸

5

(1)

11 documents

1 / 7

Toggle sidebar

This page cannot be seen from the preview

Don't miss anything!

bg1
!
1!
BIOL%105%
Lecture%Outline%
%
Chapter(15ͶUrinary(System(
Read%Chapter%15%(pp.%517:543)%
Complete%review%questions%(pp.%541:542ͿηƐ%2:5,%9:14,%16:18,%24%%
%
The(Urinary(System(
(
The%urinary%system%removes%______________________%from%the%body%
%
Consists%of:%
Kidneys%
Ureters%
Urinary%Bladder%
Urethra%
%
The%urinary%system%functions%to:%
%
Remove%______________________%wastes%from%the%bloodstream%
%
______________________%formation%
o Maintains%water%and%electrolyte%concentrations%
o Regulates%pH%and%volume%of%body%fluids%
%
Control%__________%production%
%
o Kidneys%secrete%__________________________________%
%
Regulate%%____________________________________________%
%
o Kidneys%secrete%______________________%
%
Kidneys(
(
Reddish:brown,%bean:shaped%organs%
%
Positioned%_______________________________________%on%either%side%of%the%vertebral%
column%
%
Between%_____%and%_____%
%
_________________%kidney%sits%slightly%higher%than%the%_________________%
%
Surrounded%by%______________________%and%______________________%tissues%
%
%
pf3
pf4
pf5

Partial preview of the text

Download Anatomy and Physiology - Urinary System Outline - Lecture Slides | and more Study notes Physiology in PDF only on Docsity!

BIOL 105

Lecture Outline Chapter 15ͶUrinary System Read Chapter 15 (pp. 517-­‐543) Complete review questions (pp. 541-­‐542Ϳη͛Ɛ͗ 2-­‐5, 9-­‐14, 16-­‐18, 24 The Urinary System The urinary system removes ______________________ from the body Consists of: Kidneys Ureters Urinary Bladder Urethra The urinary system functions to: Remove ______________________ wastes from the bloodstream ______________________ formation o Maintains water and electrolyte concentrations o Regulates pH and volume of body fluids Control __________ production o Kidneys secrete __________________________________ Regulate ____________________________________________ o Kidneys secrete ______________________ Kidneys Reddish-­‐brown, bean-­‐shaped organs Positioned _______________________________________ on either side of the vertebral column Between _____ and _____ _________________ kidney sits slightly higher than the _________________ Surrounded by ______________________ and ______________________ tissues

Kidney structure Lateral surface is ______________________, medial surface is ______________________ Medial depression leads to the hollow ____________________________________ o Blood vessels, nerves, lymphatic vessels, and the ureter enter the kidney

Superior end of the ureter forms the ____________________________________ within the renal sinus o Divided into major and minor calyces (tubes); small renal papillae project into each minor calyx Two distinct regions within the kidney:

  1. Renal ______________________: renal pyramids; appears striated
  2. Renal ______________________: contains the nephrons Renal Blood Vessels Renal arteries Carry O o Branch into smaller diameter arteries and arterioles 2 -­‐rich blood from the abdominal _________________ into the kidneys

o ______________________ arterioles lead to the ______________________ Renal veins Move Oin the abdominal cavity 2 -­‐poor blood from the kidneys into the _________________________________

Nephrons Each kidney contains ~1 million nephrons Each nephrons consists of: ____________________________________ ( filtering portion of the nephron ) o ______________________: ball of capillaries o _______________________________________: receives the filtrate ____________________________________ o Leads away from the glomerular capsule

____________________________________________ of the blood moves substances via filtration through the walls of the glomerular capillaries o ____________________________________________ of the blood resists filtration Filtration rate is influenced by: ___________________________ of afferent and efferent arterioles Plasma colloid ______________________ pressure Filtration rate is regulated by:

  1. Impulses from the ________________________________ nervous system __________ blood pressure/blood volume Æ afferent arterioles ___________________ o Glomerular filtration rate ___________________ Æ body conserves water
  2. Renin-­‐angiotensin system Regulates ______________________ excretion o Secretion of rennin initiates a cascade of reactions resulting in the production of

ƒ ___________________________; increased ADH and aldosterone secretion Tubular Reabsorption Substances in the glomerular filtrate are returned to the ___________________________ Diffuse out of the renal tubule into the peritubular capillaries Most reabsorption occurs in the ______________________ convoluted tubule Transport mechanisms for reabsorption of filtrate: Passive o Move from ______________ Æ ______________ concentrations o ______________________ convoluted tubule (high) Æ ____________________________________________ (low)

Active o Requires ________; move from ______________ Æ ______________ concentrations ƒ i.e. reabsorption of glucose Segments of the renal tubule are adapted to absorb specific substances:


o Occurs passively by osmosis o Proximal convoluted tubule ______________________ o Active transport; pumped out of the renal tubule (70% PCT) ƒ As sodium ions move, negatively charged ions follow ƒ As a result, the concentration of solute in the peritubular capillariesincreases ƒ Water follows via osmosis Remember tonicity and osmosis ʹ water moves from an area of

low Æ high solute!

Tubular Secretion Substances in the ______________________ are returned to the ________________________ Substances move from the ________________________________ into the


Occurs in the ______________________ convoluted tubule and collecting duct ______________________ transport Requires ATP; moves from low Æ high concentrations Secretion of H +^ ions helps maintain blood pH Urine Composition & Volume 95% ______________________; contains urea , uric acid and trace amounts of amino acids and electrolytes Volume Typically ______________________ liters (L) per day

Composed of transitional epithelium and connective tissue Micturition Expels urine from the urinary bladder As the bladder fills with urine the walls ______________________ Stimulates ______________________ receptorsreflex center (spinal cord) Æ impulses sent to the micturition

___________________________ impulses are sent to the detrusor muscle o Contraction of the detrusor muscle prevents the bladder from emptying The ____________________________________________ is composed of skeletal muscle (voluntary) o External urethral sphincter relaxes Æ urine moves from the urinary bladder to the outside via the urethra