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A collection of terms and concepts related to human anatomy and physiology. It covers a wide range of topics, including the structure and function of various body systems, such as the cardiovascular, respiratory, and digestive systems. The document also discusses cellular components, transport mechanisms, and feedback regulation. The terms and concepts presented in the document are commonly covered in introductory-level anatomy and physiology courses at the university level. The document could be useful for students studying these subjects as a reference or study guide, providing definitions, explanations, and examples of key anatomical and physiological principles.
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Umbilical - ✔✔Navel region Urinary - ✔✔The kidneys and ureters are organs of the _________ system Ventral - ✔✔Another term for "anterior" would be _______. visceral pericardium - ✔✔The ______ attaches to the surface of the heart Wrist - ✔✔The common term for the carpal region is the _______. 2 - ✔✔Bone is composed of ____ percent cells. a basement membrane - ✔✔Epithelium is connected to underlying connective tissue by ______ abduction - ✔✔A movement away from the midline of the body is called ______ Abduction - ✔✔Spreading the fingers demonstrates ________ Acromial - ✔✔shoulder adipocytes - ✔✔Cells that store fat
Anatomical - ✔✔A person who is standing facing forward with hands at the sides and palms facing forward is in the ________ position. Anatomy - ✔✔The branch of biological science that studies the external and internal structure of the body and the physical relationship among body parts. antecubital - ✔✔front of elbow anterior - ✔✔An anatomical term that means same as ventral is ______ apocrine - ✔✔Which type of secretion involves the loss of apical cytoplasm? Axillary - ✔✔Armpit basolateral - ✔✔Which surface attaches to the underlying epithelial cells or deeper tissues? bone - ✔✔Chondrocytes are to cartilage as osteocytes are to _________ Brachial - ✔✔arm Buccal - ✔✔cheek region
Cephalic - ✔✔Head region Cervical - ✔✔Neck channels formed by integral proteins - ✔✔Water molecules and small ions enter a cell through _______________ cheeks - ✔✔The common term for the buccal region is the ________. Chondrocytes - ✔✔Antiangiogenesis factor is a chemical produced by ______________ that blocks the growth of blood vessels. collagen - ✔✔Dominant fiber type in dense connective tissue collagen, reticular, and elastic - ✔✔3 types of protein fibers in connective tissue connective - ✔✔blood is what type of tissue? Connective tissue - ✔✔Living cells in a non-living matrix Coxal - ✔✔Hip region Cranial - ✔✔skull
Crural - ✔✔leg region Cytology - ✔✔The analysis of the internal structure of individual cells is called ________. Cytology - ✔✔The study of the liver is to gross anatomy as the study of a liver cell is to __________. Cytology - ✔✔Which science began with the invention of the microscope? cytosol - ✔✔liquid in a cell cytosol - ✔✔The watery component of the cytoplasm is called ________ dense irregular connective tissues - ✔✔tissues that provide strength and support for areas subjected to stresses from many directions are _____________ depression - ✔✔opening the mouth is an example of _______ depression - ✔✔the movement of a body part downward is called ______ developmental - ✔✔The study of the changes in form that occur between conception and physical maturity is called ___________ anatomy.
Endocrine - ✔✔Insulin and other hormones that regulate energy use in the body are produced by the ______ system. Endocrine - ✔✔The pituitary gland and thyroid gland are organs of the _______ system. endoplasmic reticulum - ✔✔intracellular transport endoplasmic reticulum - ✔✔Which organelle is responsible for the following: - shipping molecules to the Golgi apparatus - drug and toxin neutralization - modification of new proteins - lipid synthesis enzymes; hormones - ✔✔Secretions through a duct might provide _______, whereas ductless secretions act as ________. epithelium - ✔✔Close examination of a healthy organ reveals a lining of several layers of cells. The layers do not contain any blood vessels and one surface of the cells lines the cavity of the organ. This tissue is a type of ________. epithelium - ✔✔tissue type that lines, protects, and secretes eversion - ✔✔A twisting motion of the foot that turns the sole of the foot outward is known as _______ Extrinsic regulation - ✔✔____________ results from the activities of the nervous or endocrine system.
Extrinsic regulation - ✔✔Jared was working in a hot dish room all afternoon sweating. After his shift, he stepped out into a cold December night and got goosebumps. What time of homeostatic regulation best describes these physiological responses? Facilitated diffusion - ✔✔If a large, lipid-insoluble solute wanted to move passively through the plasma membrane, which transport mechanism would it need to use? facilitated diffusion - ✔✔What type of diffusion allows molecules to only move with the aid of a protein in the membrane? False - ✔✔True/False: Functions of epithelia includes supporting muscle cells. False - ✔✔True/False: Steroids are important in insulating and slowing heat loss False - ✔✔True/False: The Golgi apparatus sends transport vesicles to the RER. False - ✔✔True/False: The nervous system directs long term responses to change. False - ✔✔True/False: The osmotic pressure of a solution increases as the amount of water in it increases Femoral - ✔✔thigh
Gluteal - ✔✔buttock gluteal - ✔✔What region corresponds to the buttocks? Golgi apparatus - ✔✔Renewal or modification of the cell membrane is a function of the ________ ground substances - ✔✔The viscous material between cells of areolar connective tissue Hallux - ✔✔big toe heart - ✔✔A midsagittal section of the body would pass through the ________ highly vascular - ✔✔Unlike cartilage, bone is ___________ histology - ✔✔Study of tissues Histology - ✔✔The study of tissues with a microscope is called __________. Homeostasis - ✔✔The central principle of physiology is ________.
Homeostasis - ✔✔The maintenance of a relatively constant internal environment in an organism is termed _________. Homeostasis - ✔✔The tendency for physiological systems to stabilize internal conditions is called ________. Homeostatic failure - ✔✔Disease is an indicator of _________ hyaline cartilage - ✔✔Which type of connective tissue is found in the trachea and between the ribs and sternum? Hydrolysis of ATP - ✔✔Diffusion of a substance across the cell membrane is influenced by all the following except ________________ Hyperextension - ✔✔An extension past the anatomical position is known as
hyperextension - ✔✔Extreme bending of the head backwards is an example of
hypertonic - ✔✔A blood cell undergoes crenation when it is placed in a _________ solution. hypertonic - ✔✔Which solution contains the most solute?
lacuna - ✔✔The space occupied by an osteocyte lateral - ✔✔The lungs are ______ to the heart lateral - ✔✔The movement of rotating a limb outward is called ______ rotation. Left upper - ✔✔The spleen is located in the __________ quadrant. ligands - ✔✔Receptor molecules on the surface of cells bind specific molecules called _______ lining urinary bladder - ✔✔Transitional epithelium is found _______- Lumbar - ✔✔loin or lower back lymph - ✔✔3 major subdivisions of extracellular fluid found in the body are plasma, interstitial fluid, and _________ Lymphatic - ✔✔Which organ system includes the spleen and the tonsils? Lysosomes - ✔✔Which organelle is involved in the destruction of bacteria and old organelles and the liberation of enzymes? Mammary - ✔✔breast
Manual - ✔✔hand matrix - ✔✔Combination of fibers and ground substance in supporting connective tissues is known as _______ medial - ✔✔The heart is ______ to the lungs medial - ✔✔The movement of rotating a limb toward the anterior surface of the body is called _______ rotation Mediastinum - ✔✔The _______ separates the pleural cavities and includes the pericardial cavity Medical - ✔✔Anatomy uses a special language, called ________ terminology, which involves the use of word roots, prefixes, suffixes, and combining forms to construct terms related to the body in health and disease. Membranous - ✔✔The endoplasmic reticulum is an example of a __________ organelle Mental - ✔✔chin region mesenchymal - ✔✔Which cell is present in many connective tissues that can differentiate into different types of cell?
nonmembranous organelles - ✔✔ribosomes, cilia, centrioles, and cytoskeleton are examples of _________ nuclear envelope - ✔✔The nucleus is surrounded by the ____________ Ocular/Orbital - ✔✔eye Olecranal - ✔✔back of elbow on the heart itself - ✔✔Visceral pericardium is located _______ One body part in relation to another. - ✔✔Terms of anatomical direction are used to describe opposition - ✔✔To pinch a thumb and finger involves a movement called ______ Orbital - ✔✔eye cavity Organ physiology - ✔✔The study of kidney function is an example of __________. Organism, system, organ, tissue, cellular, molecular - ✔✔Levels of organization in order from most complex to simplest osmosis - ✔✔diffusion of water from a greater to a lesser water concentration across a selectively permeable membrane
osteocyte - ✔✔Mature bone cell Otic - ✔✔ear ovary - ✔✔An organ not contained within the abdominal cavity Palmar - ✔✔palm parasagittal - ✔✔A cut parallel to the midsagittal plane would produce a _______ section Patellar - ✔✔front of knee Pathological - ✔✔Anatomical features that change during illness are studied in _______ anatomy. Pectoral region - ✔✔chest region Pedal - ✔✔foot Pedal - ✔✔Term referring to the foot
pollex - ✔✔thumb Popliteal - ✔✔back of knee Positive - ✔✔This type of feedback exaggerates the effects of variations from normal produces a slower response than the nervous system - ✔✔What is a characteristic of the endocrine system? pronation - ✔✔opposite of supination prone - ✔✔A patient placed face down is in the _____ position. protein - ✔✔A compound consisting of more than 100 amino acids is known as a protract - ✔✔You ________ your mandible when you grasp your upper lip with your lower teeth. Pubic - ✔✔pubis RBC will hemolyze & water will enter the RBC - ✔✔If a red blood cell (RBC) is placed in a 0.5% salt solution, which of the following would occur?
Receptor - ✔✔With regard to maintaining homeostasis, in a situation of negative feedback the ________ functions as a detector. Receptor; control center; effector - ✔✔Homeostatic regulation usually involves a(n) _________ that detects a particular stimulus, and a(n) _________ that responds to the stimulus by communicating with a(n) _________ whose activity has an effect on the same stimulus. Regional - ✔✔The study of the superficial and internal features in a specific area of the body is called ___________ anatomy. Reinforced - ✔✔With regard to maintaining homeostasis, in a positive feedback situation the stimulus is ________. Respiratory - ✔✔The trachea belongs to the __________ organ system. Respiratory - ✔✔Which organ system removes carbon dioxide from the bloodstream? reticular connective - ✔✔the framework or stroma of organs such as the spleen, liver, and lymph nodes is made up of ______ tissue ribosome - ✔✔Which is NOT one of the three major components of a typical eukaryotic cell? plasma membrane, nucleus, ribosome, cytoplasm Right lower; left lower - ✔✔The urinary bladder is found in these two quadrants