Download Anatomy and Physiology II Final Exam Practice: 250 Questions & Answers and more Exams Anatomy in PDF only on Docsity!
ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY II FINAL EXAM
PRACTICE 2025|ACTUAL 250 EXAM QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS|LATEST UPDATE|ALREADY
GRADED A+
Anemia is caused by a defective gene resulting in abnormal hemoglobin: a. Hemorrhagic anemia b. Aplastic Anemia c. Pernicous Anemia d. Sickle Cell Anemia d. Sickle Cell Anemia Which of the following has the function of defending against parasites? a. Erythrocyte b. Basophil c. Neutrophil d. Lymphocyte e. Eosinophil e. Eosinophil Blood clotting is dependent upon: a. Vitamin A b. Vitamin D
c. Vitamin E d. Vitamin K e. Vitamin C d. Vitamin K Which of the following is involved in blood clotting? a. Erythrocyte b. Basophil c. Neutrophil d. Thrombocyte e. Eosinophil d. Thrombocyte An excessive production of erythrocytes: a. Hemorrhagic anemia b. Polycythemia c. Pernicous anemia d. Sickle cell anemia b. Polycythemia Anemia caused by destruction of blood forming elements in bone marrow: a. Hemorrhagic anemia b. Aplastic anemia
In the ABO blood typing system, this is the "universal donor". a. Type A b. Type B c. Type AB d. Type O d. Type O Which of the following is a blood clotting protein? a. Albumin b. Fibrin c. Immunoglobulin d. Collagen b. Fibrin A foreign substance that can cause the body to produce an antibody: a. Antigen b. Immunoglobulin c. Albumin d. Collagen a. Antigen The formation or production of blood cells is known as: a. Anemia
b. Hematopoiesis c. Hyperglycemia d. Hypoglycemia b. Hematopoiesis The three important plasma proteins are _________, __________, and _________. Albumins, Globulins, and Fibrinogen The two types of connective tissue that make blood cells are _________ and ________. Myeloid and Lymphatic The red pigment in red blood cells that carries oxygen is called ________. Hemoglobin These white blood cells are the most numerous of the phagocytes: _________. Neutrophils These white blood cells produce antibodies to fight microbes: _________. B-Lymphocytes, B-cells Thrombin converts the inactive plasma protein __________ into a fibrous gel called __________.
_______ are thicker chambers of the heart, which are sometimes called discharging chambers. Ventricles The _______ are thinner chambers of the heart, which are sometimes called the receiving chambers of the heart. Atria The ventricles of the heart are separated into right and left sides by the ________. Interventricular Septum Another term for the visceral pericardium is the ________. Epicardium The heart valve located between the right atrium and right ventricle is called the ______ valve. Tricuspid Atrioventricular (AV)
The term ________ refers to the volume of blood ejected from the ventricle during each beat. Stroke Volume The _______ is the pacemaker of the heart and causes the contraction of the atria. Sinoatrial The _______ are extensions of the atrioventricular fibers and cause the contraction of the ventricles. Purkinje fibers The ECG tracing that occurs when the ventricles depolarize is called the _________. QRS complex The ECG tracing that occurs when the atria depolarize is called the ________. P Wave The ________ are the microscopic blood vessels in which substances are exchanged between the blood and tissues. Capillaries
Describe the following list of parts in order of where blood would flow from start to finish through the heart: Left atrium, tricuspid valve (right atrioventricular valve), right ventricle, left ventricle, pulmonary artery, right atrium, pulmonary semilunar valve.
- Right Atrium- receives blood from the great veins
- Tricuspid Valve (right AV valve)- through to
- Right ventricle- sends it into the
- Pulmonary Semilunar valve- into the
- Pulmonary vein- blood returns to the heart oxygenated into the
- Left atrium
- Mitral Valve (Left AV valve) through to
- Left ventricle- mitral valve closes upon muscle contraction
- Aortic semilunar valve- opens and allows blood to flow out into the aorta The most muscular chamber of the heart: a. Right Atrium b. Right Ventricle c. Left Atrium d. Left Ventricle d. Left Ventricle
The "wall" separating the two ventricles: a. Atrioventricular septum b. Ineratrial septum c. Interventricular septum d. None of the above c. Interventricular Septum Which of the following is NOT a part of the electrical conductance system of the heart? a. sinoatrial node b. bundle of His c. Purkinje fibers d. sentinel node e. atrioventricular node d. sentinal node A major artery in the small intestine: a. superior mesentric
True or False: Polycythemia may increase blood viscosity (thickness) due to an increase in red blood cells and that may put a person at risk for a stroke or myocardial infarction. True Function as exhange vessels for substances such as glucose, oxygen, and carbon dioxide: a. arteries b. capillaries c. veins b. capillaries The pulmonary veins carry: a. oxygenated blood b. deoxygenated blood a. oxygenated blood True or False:
The brachiocephalic artery supplying the right side of the body corresponds to the aorta that supplies the left side of the body. True In the fetus, this structure "shunts" blood from the right atrium to the left atrium allowing most of the blood to bypass the fetal lungs: a. aorta b. ductus arteriosus c. foramen ovale d. foramen rotundum c. foramen ovale The celiac artery supplies the: a. brain b. face c. thigh d. armpit e. stomach e. stomach Hint: think of Celiac disease, a digestive condition where the immune system attacks gluten.
d. aortic valve a. brachiocephalic valve The valve located between the left atrium and the left ventricle: a. tricuspid valve b. pulmonic valve c. mitral valve (bicuspid valve) d. aortic valve c. mitral valve (bicuspid valve) True or False: Angina pectoris is another name for myocardial infarction. False Angina pectoris, or stable angina, is generally chest pains and typically occurs in patients with prior existing heart disease. It occurs when the heart muscle is not getting as much blood as it needs. The immunity that develops after a person has had a disease is an example of: a. active natural immunity
b. passive natural immunity c. active artificial immunity d. passive artificial immunity a. active natural immunity The immunity that comes from the injection of antibodies made by another individual's immune system is an example of: a. active natural immunity b. passive natural immunity c. active artificial immunity d. passive artificial immunity d. passive artificial immunity The main cells involved in cell-mediated immunity are called _________. T-cells, or T Lymphocytes The main cells involved in humoral immunity are the _______ cells. B-cells, or B Lymphocytes
The many lymph vessels that enter the lymph node are called the ______ vessels. The single vessel leaving the lymph node is called the ______ vessel. afferent vessels, efferent vessel The thymus gland is the site of maturation for these WBCs: ___________. It also produces the hormone _________. T Lymphocytes (T-cells), Thymosin The three pairs of tonsils are the _______ tonsils, the _______ tonsils, an the ________ tonsils. Pharyngeal (adenoid), Palatine, Lingual ___________ kills invading cells by drilling holes in their plasma membrane, which disrupts the sodium and water balance. Compliment fixation Macrophages were originally ________ that migrated into the tissues. Monocytes
________ cells produce antibodies. B-cells Lymphatic vessels in the walls of the small intestine: a. veins b. lacteals c. thoracic duct d. both a and b e. none of the above b. lacteals Injection of a vaccine (such as polio vaccine): a. natural active immunity b. natural passive immunity c. artificial active immunity d. artificial passive immunity c. artificial active immunity Which of the following is NOT a primary cell of the immune system? a. neutrophil
