Study with the several resources on Docsity
Earn points by helping other students or get them with a premium plan
Prepare for your exams
Study with the several resources on Docsity
Earn points to download
Earn points by helping other students or get them with a premium plan
Community
Ask the community for help and clear up your study doubts
Discover the best universities in your country according to Docsity users
Free resources
Download our free guides on studying techniques, anxiety management strategies, and thesis advice from Docsity tutors
Anatomy and Physiology 101 Final Exam Ivy Tech (100 out of 100) Latest Update (GRADED A)
Typology: Exams
1 / 32
This page cannot be seen from the preview
Don't miss anything!
What is the difference between anatomy and physiology anatomy- study of structure physiology- study of function what are the levels of organization subatomic particle- protons, electrons, neutrons atom molecule macromolecule organelle cell tissue organ organ system organism what are the characteristics of life? movement responsiveness respiration absorption secretion
digestion assimilation- changing of absorbed substances into chemically different forms circulation reproduction growth what are the requirements of life? water food heat pressure oxygen define homeostasis maintaining of a stable enviroment what is a homeostatic mechanism monitors aspects of internal environment and corrects as needed *negative feedback mechanism define matter anything that takes up space and has mass element
hydrogen bond formed between water molecule, attraction between positive end of polar molecule and negative end of another polar molecule define synthesis, decomposition, and exchange reactions Synthesis- A+B=AB Decomposition- AB=A+B exchange- AB+CD=AD+BC define reactant starting materials of reactions product ending material define catalyst a substance that speeds up a chemical reaction what is an acid dissociates with water base combines in water
what happens to salts when dissolved in water and what is produced? The salt molecules are "torn apart" by the water, and are reduced to sodium (Na+) and chlorine (Cl - ) ions. what is the pH scale? what ions are involved in the pH scale? pH scale- indicated the concentration of hydrogen ions in a solution, H+ and OH- organic molecule contains Carbon and hydrogen and dissolves in water. inorganic molecule does not contain C and H and dissociates with water What is dehydration synthesis taking water out (producing water) to form a new product. Uses energy hydrolysis separation of two macromolecules by adding water. Releases energy what are carbohydrates provide energy and cell structure
located in cytoplasm. directly codes for amino acids and as acts as a messenger between DNA and ribosomes to make proteins describe cell membrane controls what goes in and out of cell, phospholipid bilayer nucleus control center cytoplasm contains cytosol cytosol aqueous substance organelles organized/specialized structures in cell Function of Ribosomes synthesize protein ER
transport system, ribosome attachment, synthesize lipids Golgi apparatus modify, package, deliver protein mitochondria generate energy Function lysosome digest worn out cell parts or unwanted substances peroxisome breakdown organic molecules centrosome produce cilia and flagella, distribute chromosomes during cell division Function vesicle store, transport or digest cellular products and cellular waste cilia propel substances across surfaces
engulfs solids from surroundings exocytosis vesicle fuses with membrane and releases contents outside of cell transcytosis ferries particles through cell isotonic neutral hypertonic cell shrinks hypotonic cell swells interphase cell growth, replicates material to prepare for cell division, synthesize organelles for cell divisision prophase chromosomes form, nuclear envelop disappears
metaphase chromosomes align midway between centrioles anaphase chromosomes separate and move to centrioles (opposite ends telophase chromatin forms, nuclear envelope forms anabolism anabolism- provides the materials needed for cellular growth and repair dehydration synthesis catabolism breaks down larger molecules into smaller molecules hydrolosis define denaturization change the nature or natural qualities of a substance How is ATP made?
how is RNA made? DNA transcription Where do you find simple squamous tissue? lines air sacs, blood vessels, and lymphatic vessels Where do you find simple cuboidal tissue? line kidney tubules, ovaries, and ducts where do you find simple columnar tissue line uterus, stomach, intestines where do you find pseudo-stratified columnar tissue line respiratory pathways where do you find stratified squamous tissue line oral cavity, vagina, and anal canal where do you find stratified cuboidal tissue line ducts of mammary glands, sweat glands,salivary glands, and pancreas where do you find stratified columnar tissue
line male urethra and part of pharnyx where do you find transitional tissue line urinary bladder, ureters, and part of urethra loose CT bind sin to structures mainly fibroblasts, elastic and collagenous fibers Adipose Tissue cushion, insulate, store fat adipocytes reticular CT reticular fibers support internal organ walls dense CT bind body parts together elastic and collegenous fibers, few fibroblasts tendons, ligaments, dermis elastic CT
chondrocyte cells of cartilage lacunae hole for chondrocyte osteocyte cells of bone lamellae thin calcified layer of bone canaliculi canal or duct neuron and neuroglial cell functional cells of neurons neuron nerve cell
what pigments are used in determining skin color? melanin, melanoid, keratin, hemoglobin, and oxyhemoglobin. apocrine gland less numerous and found in the armpit, groin, and around the nipples. Their secretions are thicker, whitish in color, and contain high amounts of proteins. They secrete their product into associated hair follicles. Bacteria feed on this secretion, which produces body odor eccrine gland glands are more numerous and found all over the body. They secrete clear, watery sweat with dissolved salts, electrolytes, and organic wastes. They are essential in your body's thermoregulation mechanisms. These glands secrete directly to the skin surface parts of long bone? epiphysis- distal and proximal diaphysis- middle portion medullary cavity- inner hollow portion periosteum- outer layer of bone compact bone Due to the strength of compact bone, its main functions is to support the entire body. Compact pact bone also stores calcium spongy bone
circumduction supination pronation eversion inversion protraction retraction elevation depression
