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AMERICAN RED CROSS LIFEGUARDING FINAL
WRITTEN EXAM 2025 - 2026|ORIGINAL
EXAM|A+GRADE
What is the primary responsibility of a lifeguard? - ANS:>>> - To prevent drowning and other injuries from occurring at their aquatic facility Provide three examples of how lifeguards fulfill their primary responsibility. - ANS:>>>- Monitoring activities in and near the water through patron surveillance, Administering first aid, CPR, and AED, and Working as a team with other lifeguards, facility staff, and management List five examples of secondary responsibilities that should never interfere with patron surveillance. - ANS:>>> - Testing pool water chemistry, Assist patrons by performing safety orientations, administrating swim tests, fitting life jackets, and other duties, Cleaning or performing maintenance, Completing records and reports, and Performing opening duties, closing duties, or facility safety checks and inspections List five characteristics of a professional lifeguard. - ANS:>>> - Knowledgeable and skilled, Reliable, Mature, Courteous and consistent, and Positive
Lifeguards should always do what? - ANS:>>>- Be attentive and sit or stand upright when on surveillance duty A lifeguard is texting while on surveillance duty and fails to recognize a swimmer in distress. What legal principle could be a problem for this lifeguard? - ANS:>>>- Negligence List the five steps that a lifeguard should take when obtaining consent from an injured or ill person before providing first aid or emergency care. - ANS:>>>- State your name, State your level of training, Ask if you may help, Explain that you would like to assess them to find out what you think may be wrong or what you can do to help What is the validity period of an American Red Cross Lifeguarding certification? - ANS:>>>- Two years How does an American Red Cross certified lifeguard get recertified? - ANS:>>> - Going through the Lifeguard class or course again Why is it important to attend a pre-season orientation and training? - ANS:>>> - To ensure that lifeguards understand their responsibilities and know
a chance to practice with other lifeguards at your facility, and it will help you to efficiently respond as a team in an emergency In a water park setting, what additional items might be included in a safety checklist? - ANS:>>> - Inspecting and test run of rides and slides, Checking that rafts, tubes, and/or sleds are properly inflated and the handles are secure, Landing areas are free of rough surfaces and debris, Water level and flow is appropriate for attraction, and Electronic dispatch systems are tested and are operating properly Why should water parks have signs posted at every attraction stating the water depth? - ANS:>>> - To prevent patrons from finding themselves in water that is deeper or shallower than they expected What rules are typically covered at water park attractions? - ANS:>>>- The minimum or maximum number of people allowed on an attraction or tube at a time, The maximum and minimum height or weight requirements for patrons using an attraction, Rules for winding rivers, No jumping or diving into the water, No climbing on any features, Rules for water slides, and No stacking of tubes or life jackets What are some factors that make lifeguarding water parks different than typical
pool? - ANS:>>>- Various attractions, Ride Vehicles, Currents on attractions, Potentially larger crowds, and Different rules and EAPs What items are considered to be personal protective equipment for a lifeguard? - ANS:>>> - Gowns, Shields, Resuscitation masks, Gloves, and Protective Eyewear What equipment should be worn or carried by a lifeguard at all times while on duty? (List at least two and include the reason(s) why this equipment should be worn or carried.) - ANS:>>>- Rescue tubes are capable of keeping multiple victimsafloat and whistles are used to activate their facility's EAP and get attention of other members of the safety team and patrons for policy enforcement What safety equipment/items should be easily accessible for a lifeguard while on duty?(List at least two and describe how/when each item is used.) - ANS:>>>- Backboards are used to remove victims from the water when they are unable to exit the water on their own or when they have a possible injury to the head, neck, or spine and first aid kits include supplies used to treat common injuries at aquatic facilities As a lifeguard you are responsible for consistently enforcing what? - ANS:>>>- Your facility's rules and regulations
- Floating, sculling, or treading water Active drowning victim
- Not able to call for help
- Has extended their arms to the side or front, pressing down for support
- Is positioned vertically with an ineffective kick Passive drowning victim
- Might float face down at or near the surface or might sink to the bottom
- May be limp or have slight convulsive-type movements
- Has no defined arm or leg action, no locomotion, and no breathing What type of station puts you close to the patrons to easily make assists? - ANS:>>>- Ground-Level Stations What type of station is used in waterfront facilities to patrol the outer edge of aswimming area? - ANS:>>> - Floating Stations What type of station is ideal for a single guard facility? - ANS:>>> - Elevated Station
What type of station is good to use with a crowded zone? - ANS:>>> - Roving Stations A lifeguard on duty should be able to recognize and reach a drowning victim within how much time? - ANS:>>> - 30 seconds The size of a zone should allow for a lifeguard to recognize an emergency, reach the victim, extricate and provide ventilation's within how much time? Explain why. - ANS:>>>- 1 1/2 to 2 minutes because in that amount of time you might be able to resuscitate the victim What is the difference between total and zone coverage? - ANS:>>>-Total coverage - When only one lifeguard is conducting patron surveillance for an entire poolwhile on duty. Zone coverage - When the swimming area is divided into separate zones, with one zone for each lifeguard station. ANS:>>>-Searching their zones because they need to recognize signs indicating that someone may need help. Lifeguards should be actively their zones, because. -
- To determine whether a lifeguard can reach the furthest and deepest part of their zone in 30 seconds (Live Recognition Drill)
- To evaluate the ability of the lifeguard to get to a victim, conduct a rescue, extricate, and start ventilations described as rapid, deep breathing, is a dangerous technique used by some swimmers to try to swim long distances underwater or to hold their breath for an extended period while submerged in one place. If you see these dangerous activities, you must intervene. - ANS:>>>-Voluntary hyperventilation RID stands for - ANS:>>>-R: Recognition I: Intrusion D: Distraction During rotation, both lifeguards must ensure there is no lapse in patron surveillance, even for a brief moment. To ensure this, what should each lifeguard do? - ANS:>>>-The incoming lifeguard should search the zone and be aware of the activity level in the zone you will be guarding. Begin searching your zone as you are walking toward your station, checking all areas of the water from the bottom to the surface Fill in the blank: , which can be
The outgoing lifeguard should inform you of any situations that need special attention. The exchange of information should be brief, and patron surveillance must be maintained throughout the entire rotation Which scanning challenge often occurs at waterfronts but should not exist at pools? - ANS:>>>-Murky water Who normally provides training for watercraft used at some waterfront facilities? - ANS:>>>-Facility management List the three major strategies a lifeguard can use to help prevent injuries at an aquatic facility. - ANS:>>>-1) Safety checks
- Enforcing rules
- Recognize changing water and weather conditions List three things that can help determine if a life jacket is appropriate for use. - ANS:>>>-1) Jacket is appropriately sized for patron
- Jacket is properly worn
- Jacket is in good working condition
counselor requests a swim test for a new camper. You use the Red Cross water competency sequence to conduct a swim test. Describe these steps in order: - ANS:>>>-1) Enter the water and completely submerge.
- Recover to the surface and remain there for at least 1 minute (floating or treading). 3) Rotate 360 degrees and orient to the exit.
- Level off and propel oneself on the front or the back through the water for at least 25 yards.
- Exit from the water At waterfront facilities using swim tests for group visits, areas for nonswimmers should: - ANS:>>>-Be separated from the swimmer area with a continuous barrier, such as a pier or buoyed lifeline. Why should an EAP be facility specific? - ANS:>>>-Because every facility is designed differently, different equipment, and different response. Provide three examples of situation-based EAPs. - ANS:>>>-1) Water Emergency- passive victim
- Water Emergency- active victim
- Land Emergency- injury or illness What are the EAP actions for a situation where the victim is responsive and does not require additional care? - ANS:>>>-1) Signal
- Rescue
- Report, advise, release
- Equipment check/ive action 5) Return to duty Describe the actions of the additional safety team members listed below during a rescue where the victim is unresponsive and requires additional emergency care. - ANS:>>>-Other lifeguards:
- The water or land rescue and providing emergency care 2) Back-up zone coverage or clearing the area Additional safety team members: (Front desk staff, maintenance staff or others as designated by the EAP) 1) Summoning EMS personnel
- Bringing additional equipment, if necessary 3) Clearing the area or facility
- Controlling the crowd 5) Meeting EMS
Advise: advise the victim on next steps (ex. go to doctor) Release: release the victim to the appropriate parties (ex: child to their parent) You must be prepared to respond to emergencies that are outside of the immediate aquatic environment and not part of your zone of responsibility. Describe three areas where these emergencies could occur. - ANS:>>>-1) Parking lots
- Locker rooms
- Lobby areas An EAP for a missing person includes quickly checking if the person is in the water. Checking for a submerged victim is most difficult for which area? - ANS:>>>-Underneath play structures at a waterfront with murky water List the general procedures, in order, for situations involving a water rescue. - ANS:>>>-1) Activate the emergency action plan
- Enter the water, if necessary 3) Perform an appropriate rescue
- Move the victim to a safe exit point5) Remove the victim from
water
- Provide emergency care as needed 7) Report, advise, and release What are some factors that should be considered when deciding how to enter the water? - ANS:>>>-- Location of victim
- Condition of victim
- Location of other swimmers
- Your location
- Type of equipment used
- Facility setup
- Water depth Which type of entry would you use if: You are seated on an elevated lifeguard stand in the deep end during recreational swim and spot a passive-drowning victim. The area surrounding your station is clear of patrons and objects. - ANS:>>>-Compact Jump Which type of entry would you use if:
What are the two most common assists and when should each be used? - ANS:>>>-1) Simple Assist
- Reaching Assist You are approaching a victim who is vertical in the water, near the surface in 4 feet of water. The victim is facing you and appears to be unconscious. - ANS:>>>- Passive Victim Front Rescue You are approaching a child who is facing away from you and struggling to keep their head above water. - ANS:>>>-Active Victim Rear Rescue You are approaching a victim from behind who appears to be unconscious. - ANS:>>>-Passive Victim Rear Rescue A victim in the water is not breathing. - ANS:>>>-Always remove a victim who is not breathing from the water as soon as possible to provide care. However, if doing so will delay care, then perform in-water ventilations until you can remove the victim. What are four core objectives in any rescue situation? - ANS:>>>-1) Ensurethe safety of the victim, yourself and others in the vicinity. This includes the
entry, approach, rescue, removal and care provided.
- Use a rescue technique that is appropriate and effective for the situation.
- Provide an appropriate assessment, always treating life-threatening conditions first.
- Handle the rescue with a sense of urgency Head, neck or spinal injuries often are caused by high-impact/high-risk activities. List three examples of high-impact/high-risk activities in an aquatic environment. - ANS:>>>-1) Receiving a blow to the head
- Colliding with another swimmer
- Entering head first into shallow water Place the general rescue procedures for caring for a head, neck or spinal injury in the water in order: - ANS:>>>-1) Activate the facility's EAP (may be specific for these types of injuries)
- Safely enter the water
- Perform a rescue providing manual in-line stabilization
- Remove the victim from the water using the appropriate spinal backboard procedure 5) Check for responsiveness and breathing
