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"Primary prevention of HIV and other sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) would include the following: a. Use of condoms and avoidance of anonymous partners. b. Vaccination against herpes, hepatitis and meninogococcal infections.. c. Prophylactic antibiotics for any oral sex. d. Annual health screenings. - CORRECT ANSWER✅ a. use of condoms and avoidance of anonymous partners." "One of the developmental considerations for teaching an adolescent is : a. They tend to build on past life experiences which may be relevant to the new learning. b. They are reflecting on unsatisfactory life aspects. c. One should anticipate negative responses, but support autonomy by involving them in decision-making whenever possible. d. Parents are strong role models for the development of health habits at this stage. - CORRECT ANSWER✅ c. One should anticipate negative responses, but support autonomy by involving them in decision-making whenever possible."
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"Primary prevention of HIV and other sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) would include the following: a. Use of condoms and avoidance of anonymous partners. b. Vaccination against herpes, hepatitis and meninogococcal infections.. c. Prophylactic antibiotics for any oral sex. d. Annual health screenings. - CORRECT ANSWER ✅ a. use of condoms and avoidance of anonymous partners." "One of the developmental considerations for teaching an adolescent is : a. They tend to build on past life experiences which may be relevant to the new learning. b. They are reflecting on unsatisfactory life aspects. c. One should anticipate negative responses, but support autonomy by involving them in decision-making whenever possible. d. Parents are strong role models for the development of health habits at this stage. - CORRECT ANSWER ✅ c. One should anticipate negative responses, but support autonomy by involving them in decision-making whenever possible." "An ambulatory nurse should teach adults the importance of routine screening for which of the following? a. Lung cancer b. Ovarian cancer c. Colorectal cancer d. bladder cancer - CORRECT ANSWER ✅ c. Colorectal cancer"
"Legal mandates for professional nurses to educate patients include: a. The Joint Commission's requirements b. State's nurse practice acts. c. American Nurses Association's standards of practice. d. American Hospital Association's list of patient rights. - CORRECT ANSWER ✅ b. State's nurse practice acts." "As an advocate for patients, an ambulatory care nurse may provide coordination of care across service lines and venues. Patient education by the nurse related to this role may include: a. Expressing his or her voice in the allocation of health resources. b. Evaluating services available and applying process improvement to decrease inefficiencies and resolve gaps. c. Increasing outreach efforts in the community. d. Orienting the patient to services available that may meet their needs. - CORRECT ANSWER ✅ d. Orienting the patient to services available that may meet their needs." "Ms. Brown, a 21 year old university student, has been diagnosed with hepatitis A. she insists she is able to return to classes. An important aspect of her patient education includes: a. Hepatitis A is contagious and she needs to take precautions to prevent its transmission to others. b. Hepatitis A is a reportable disease, so she needs to contact the health department. c. She probably contracted this illness because has not been taking good care of herself, with proper rest and nutrition. d. Smoking or secondhand smoke exposure will delay her recovery. - CORRECT ANSWER ✅ a. Hepatitis A is contagious and she needs to take precautions to prevent its transmission to others." "What is the most important factor to consider in choosing printed materials for patient education? a. Age of the patient b. Developmental stage of the patient c. Patient readiness to learn d. Literacy level of the patient - CORRECT ANSWER ✅ d. Literacy level of the patient" "Following a breast biopsy under moderate sedation, the nurse is preparing to discharge the patient. What patient education is the most important for the patient's safety in the next few hours?
"Aspirin therapy has recently been approved for primary prevention of cardiovascular events. However, the risk-to-benefit ratio should be assessed because aspirin is known to increase risk of: a. Hot flashes in post-menopausal women. b. Bronchospasm in patients with asthma c. Gastrointestinal bleeding d. Gall bladder information - CORRECT ANSWER ✅ c. Gastrointestinal bleeding" "Which of the following is cited frequently as a barrier to patient counseling in ambulatory care? a. Lack of interest by patients b. Time constraints for clinicians and the episodic nature of interactions. c. Inability to overcome language barrier and low literacy. d. Lack of community resources and printed materials. - CORRECT ANSWER ✅ b. Time constraints for Clinicians and episodic nature of interactions" "Motivational interviewing has been described as a patient-centered and collaborative method of changing behavior. A feature of motivational interviewing involves individuals who: a. Learn by observing others b. Change behavior in response to reinforcements; increasing rewards for healthy behaviors and decreasing rewards for unhealthy ones. c. Take health related action if they perceive susceptibility to and severity of an illness can be reduced by taking the action. d. Have self-eficacy and can be guided to evaluate their own behavior and generate their own behavior and generate their own solutions to change. - CORRECT ANSWER ✅ d. Have self-eficacy and can be guided to evaluate their own behavior and generate their own solutions to change." "In providing health education about weight management to a large group, which instructional method is most likely to be successful? a. Case study b. Role playing c. Powerpoint presentation and discussion. d. Simulation exercises - CORRECT ANSWER ✅ c. Powerpoint presentation and discussion" "Whitney, a 24- year-old African American, presented in labor for her first baby, having had no prenatal care. She does not want any extra tests done on her baby, and does not see the reason for hang the baby tested for sickle cell disease, since she had her husband are both healthy. Her nurse would best explain the reason for the testing by saying: a. One in 10 African Americans has sickle cell trait, and 1 in 325 has sickle cell disease.
b. Whitney may have sickle cell disease and not know it, because the chronic anemia and vasocculsive effects of sickle cell disease usually occur when a woman is older. c. Although she and her husband may be healthy they may still have sickle cell trait, which could result in disease in their baby. d. There are four major variants of the disease, and she or her husband may have one of the milder forms. - CORRECT ANSWER ✅ c. Although she and her husband may be healthy they may still have sickle cell trait which could result in disease in their baby." "The goal of performance improvement is to: a. Identify root causes of problems and errors. b. Validate existing knowledge and to generate new knowledge. c. Measure and report the health status of patients. d. Improve the delivery of care. - CORRECT ANSWER ✅ d. Improve the delivery of care" "The ambulatory infusion center has collected data about environmental contamination with chemotherapeutic agents to evaluate their preventive practices and spill management. The findings indicate detectable levels of the agents on the floor in the area of the IV pole near infusion chair#1, but no measurable chemotherapeutic agents elsewhere in the infusion suite. This degree of variation in the data may be called: a. Common-cause variation b. Internal benchmarking c. Special-cause variation d. Prospective data - CORRECT ANSWER ✅ C. Special - cause variation" "The purpose of a rating system for levels of evidence in evidence-based practice guidelines is to: a. Indicate the optimal treatment plan that promotes the best patient outcomes. b. Allow the reviewer to estimate the quality and strength of the evidence. c. Enhance the adoption of best practices d. Demonstrate the strength of the link to national standards. - CORRECT ANSWER ✅ b. Allow the reviewer to estimate the quality and strength of the evidence." "Which of the following is true about evidence-based practice? a. Relies on established clinical practices from within an organization and the personal experiences of clinicians as the basis for designing practice protocols. b. Integrates research evidence with clinical experience to support the best recommended guideline for practice. c. Best evidence comes from a single descriptive or qualitative study.
"In managing the budget of an outpatient clinic, which of the following would be considered a direct and variable cost of providing patient services? a. Rent of the suite of offices and exam rooms b. Cost of the human resources department, which manages hiring, payroll, and benefits. c. Cost of the vaccines and other stock medications. d. Liability insurance. - CORRECT ANSWER ✅ C. Cost of the vaccines and other stock medications" "The general surgery physician group is planning to hire a bariatric surgeon to provide surgical interventions for patients who are morbidly obese. Which of the following facilities and equipment changes would be most important for staff safety? a. Hallway and doorway clearance will accommodate extra-wide wheelchairs? b. The area to discharge the patient from the clinic is near the exit of the building. c. Patient transfer and lift devices are provided. d. There are hallway safety rails installed. - CORRECT ANSWER ✅ c. patient transfer and lift devices are provided." "When doing a check on the emergency cart's defibrillator, the nurse finds it fails to charge rapidly to the appropriate level. In contacting the equipment maintenance department, she learns there have been similar issues with several defibrillators in the facility. After assuring well-functioning equipment is in place in the patient care areas, what is the most important action she should take next? a. Assure a report is submitted to the manufacturer and the food and drug administration regarding the equipment failure. b. Negotiate with the manufacturer for replacement or reimbursement for the defective equipment. c. Educate other personnel about the policy regarding use of defibrillators. d. Reassess how many defibrillators and other types of emergency equipment need to be available for patient emergencies across the facility. - CORRECT ANSWER ✅ a. Assure a report is submitted to the manufacturer and the food and drug administration regarding the equipment failure." "The growth in ambulatory care in the past 20 years has been primarily driven by: a. Increased payment by health maintenance organizations for the use of new technology in outpatient settings. b. Changes in reimbursement that have made it more cost effective to provide care in outpatient settings. c. Patient preferences to have their care delivered in outpatient settings whenever possible.
d. Increased demand for services overall, as people are living longer with chronic illness. - CORRECT ANSWER ✅ b. changes in reimbursement that have made it more cost effective to provide care in outpatient setting." "Which of the following is true about determining staffing in ambulatory care? a. Benchmarking surveys provide ratios that are useful in all ambulatory care specialties. b. There are several well-researched and validated formulas and tools in the literature for determining staffing in ambulatory care. c. Factors that influence staffing include payer mix, types of patient encounters, and requirements for each encounter. d. Primary care clinics and surgical specialty clinics have very similar staffing requirements. - CORRECT ANSWER ✅ c. factors that influence staffing include payer mix, types of patient encounters, and requirements for each encounter." "Andrew Kim, RN, works as a member of a primary care team. There are multiple other roles on the team, including physicians, nurse practitioners, a clinical pharmacist (PharmD), medical assistants, clerks, and a social worker. A young female patient presents with a conflict in her family, and anxiety that her husband is leaving them. What would Andy's best action be? a. Briefly assess and recommend the social worker's assistance to the patient. b. Refer to outpatient psychiatry for crisis intervention. c. determine if the patient is seeing a counselor' d. Ask the physician to provide the assessment and support functions this patient might require.
b. Consumption of alcohol during pregnancy can lead to severe physical and mental problems for the infant. c. Risky drinking has been defined as more than four drinks per occasion for males and more than three drinks per occasion for females. d. Speaking frequently with a child about drinking is likely to alienate him or her and may have a negative rather than positive effect on behavior. - CORRECT ANSWER ✅ a. The physical and psychological effects of alcohol use." "Childhood obesity has become a national health problem in the United States. Topics important to include in counseling for the parents of school-aged children include: a. Diets high in energy are also high in nutritional value. b. Provide a variety of foods, including grains, fruits, and vegetables. c. School-aged children will automatically choose the right nutrients for themselves if they see their parents and other role models doing so. d. A multivitamin is important to supplement a child's diet at this age. - CORRECT ANSWER ✅ b. Provide a variety of foods, including grains, fruits, and vegetables." "Mr. McIntire is a 37 year old patient who has a 25 pack a year history of smoking. Today, he has told his physician he is ready to quit. Ryan, the ambulatory care nurse, has been asked to assist Mr. McIntire. Which of the following describes a potential method to assist this patient to quit smoking? a. Explain that relapsing is part of the process. b. Advise Mr. McIntire about the harms of smoking, which impact nearly every organ in the body. c. Set specific goals and a quit date. d. Use motivational interviewing to help him understand his ambivalence about quitting. - CORRECT ANSWER ✅ c. Set specific goals and a quit date." "A 53 year old man has recently been diagnosed with diabetes. The provider has sent him to the nurse for instruction about glucose monitoring at home. The patient arrives for teaching as scheduled, but has not yet purchased the electronic monitoring device. Which of the following would be the best nursing action at this time? a. Assess the patient's current understanding and his interest in learning about self-monitoring his glucose. b. Demonstrate the procedure using the glucose-monitoring device used in the office. c. Have the office assistant give him written materials about glucose control and schedule him to return another day to discuss. - CORRECT ANSWER ✅ a. Assess the patients current understanding and his interest in learning about self-montoring his glucose."
“In assessing the philosophy for nursing services for possible revision, the nurse executive is most heavily influenced by the organization's: a. mission statement b. consumer surveys c. financial resources d. policy statements - CORRECT ANSWER ✅ CORRECT ANSWER is: a. mission statement The organization's philosophy must always be consistent with the mission of the enterprise. In this way, there is clarify of intent about what the organization stands for and what it intends to accomplish." "In planning for change, the successful change agent makes a commitment to: a. help followers arrive at total consensus regarding the change. b. encourage subgroup opposition to change so many viewpoints can be heard c. utilize change by drift if resistance to change is too strong d. be available to support those affected by change until refreezing occurs. - CORRECT ANSWER ✅ The CORRECT ANSWER is: d Unless there is support until the desired change has replaced the status quo, the likelihood of "backsliding" is high. The successful change agent recognizes the need to help her or his clients remain with the process until the desired change has replaced the prior way of doing things." "Strategic planning: a. focuses on the long-range goals for the organization b. requires a broad range of management expertise c. is synonymous with tactical planning d. is generally a middle-management function. - CORRECT ANSWER ✅ The CORRECT ANSWER is: a. Strategic planning, in contract to tactical planning, is future-directed and concerned primarily with putting in place the resources to achieve long-term goals." "In planning for managed care, which of the folllowing goals would be most appropriate for the nurse manager? a. Clinical outcomes should occur within a prescribed time frame. b. Case managers should not function as providers of patient care. c. Managed care practice should be unit-based and unit-specific.
c. the essential feature of the Nursing Minimum Data Set (NMDS). d. prospective structure audits that look at costs as well as quality. - CORRECT ANSWER ✅ CORRECT ANSWER is: a. Critical pathways are (or should be) derived from evidence-based studies and suggest the trajectory the patient will follow, in the absence of unanticipated complications, from admission to discharge." "Healthcare professionals have formed a state coalition to propose legislation to change the state's nursing practice act. Controversies have surfaced regarding entry into nursing practice, the role of the license practical nurse, and the definition of professional nursing. To communicate information about the proposed changes, it would be most effective for the coalition to: a. form a network of all categories of nurses in the state. b. mail minutes from coalition gorup meetings to all constituencies. c. work with groups that have lobbied in the past for changes in the nurse practice act. d. request that coalition members put the proposed changes on the meeting agendas of other groups to which they belong. - CORRECT ANSWER ✅ CORRECT ANSWER is: a. This step will reach the widest audience and generate the greatest response. The network concept also allows for connectivity and relatively quick dissemination of information." "The nurse executive attends all high-level meetings. However, he or she seems to have limited access to the organization's true power base and believes there is inequitable distribution of power among executives of the same rank. To change this situation, the nurse executive's most appropriate first step would be to: a. propose a plan for organizational restructuring. b. form a coalition within the organization to extend her or his network of power. c. improve her or his power base by creating a useful level of tension and competition. d. become sensitive to informal lines of communication in order to gain entry into informal power groups. - CORRECT ANSWER ✅ CORRECT ANSWER is: d. Greater awareness of the informal structure and the power within it will help the nurse executive strategize in such a way that she or he can improve her or his base of support within the organization." "The relationship between the operating room nurses and the surgical nurses at a large hospital has become competitive and uncooperative. The focus of the conflict is patient arrival times at the operating room. The nurse executive appoints a performance improvement team to resolve the conflict. Which of the following statements, if made by a team member, would best indicate that progress has been made toward conflict resolution?
a. "I think it's pretty clear that some people are more responsible than others for this problem." b. "I think we should keep exact records of the time factors for 1 month. Then we will know where the disrepancy lies." c. "I hadn't realized how much time is involved in preparing patients for surgery." d. "It's always good to be able to vent your feelings. It helps when you can tell people what you think." - CORRECT ANSWER ✅ CORRECT ANSWER is: c. This statement shows an awareness of the importance of data gathering and analysis. This person is beginning to understand the performance improvement process." "In evaluating the nursing administration's philosophy statement, the nurse executive's most important step would be to: a. assess whether the statement provides for flexibility. b. assess whether there is consistency between the statement and actual practice. c. create a task force of registered nurses to review the statement d. solicit input from peers about the statement's relevance. - CORRECT ANSWER ✅ CORRECT ANSWER is: b. The reputation and integrity of the organization is judged by the consistency between its stated philosophy and its actual practices." "The nurse executive at a hospital maintains contracts with affiliated educational institutions whose nursing students want to acquire clinical experience. The nurse executive should ensure that each contract includes a: a. copy of the nursing program curriculum b. provision that all nursing faculty members be licensed. c. provision that each student carry individual malpractice insurance d. provision that the hospital's nursing department retains responsibility for nursing care provided by the students. - CORRECT ANSWER ✅ CORRECT ANSWER is: d. Ensuring that the hospital retains responsibility for patient care assures accountability and is consistent with the hospital's regulatory requirements." "Which of the following use of limited resources would most likely result in increased reiumbursement revenues? Increasing the: a. number of clinical nurse specialists b. educational paid days for licensed staff c. educational programs on documentation d. mix and number of clinical staff - CORRECT ANSWER ✅ CORRECT ANSWER is: c. Adequate documentation of patient acuity and complexity may translate to better reiumbursement for the organization. Reimbursement processes such as prospective payment
b. develop methods for determining nursing care costs for each patient category. c. Negotiate redistribution of non-nursing tasks to other departments. d. Ask nurses to become a part of the decision-making process in the areas of patient care, unit management, and hospital governance. - CORRECT ANSWER ✅ CORRECT ANSWER is: b. By knowing the specific cost of care of various patient categories, the nurse executive, along with others withint the department, has needed knowledge upon which to base a cost- containment plan." "Costs per unit of service will increase as: a. volume decreases below the break-even point. b. volume increases c. acuity increases d. management turnover occurs. - CORRECT ANSWER ✅ CORRECT ANSWER is: a. This model is based on the premise that a certain volume is needed to maintain cost balance. When the volume decreases below the break-even point, costs go up. For example, staffing for a 50-bed unit is calculated for an occupancy rate of 85%, with a break-even point of 80%. Downward adjustments in staff numbers occur only when the occupancy rate dips to 75%. Any occupancy rate between 76% & 79% results in a "loss" based on the cost model." "When nurse executives examine job classifications as they plan salary adjustments, they must remember that there are equal-pay tests that must be met to justify such determinations. Therefore, they would examine jobs for which of the following? a. Equal danger on the job, equal intelligence for hire, equal responsibility, and indentical working conditions. b. Equal skill, equal effort, equal responsibility, and similar working conditions. c. Equal job requirements, same working conditions, equal job duties, and equal responsibilities. d. Equal effort, equal working conditions, identical job duties, and equal job requirements. - CORRECT ANSWER ✅ CORRECT ANSWER is: b. This statement accurately reflects the equal-pay test requirements." "Use of the ______________ is the most fiscally responsible method for determining daily staffing needs. a. maximum patient load b. patient classification system c. midnight census d. total bed capacity - CORRECT ANSWER ✅ CORRECT ANSWER is: b. Assuming that the classification system accurately matches resources to patient care needs, the classification system is an effective financial tool."
"In order to stimulate the staff nurses's involvement in research within the organization, the nurse executive's best course of action would be to: a. hire a well-qualified researcher to conduct reserach studies. b. provide staff nurses with needed time for research activities. c. create a joint medical/nursing staff research committee d. ensure that research designs are well grounded and scientific. - CORRECT ANSWER ✅ CORRECT ANSWER is: b. If research at the staff nurse level is a value of the organization, the organization will find a way to provide the staff with time to engage in research." "Of the following activities, which would be the most important for the nurse executive to personally carry out? a. Serve on the policy and procedure committee b. Interpret the job description for a newly hired registered nurse c. Facilitate the dissemination of research in nursing and management systems d. Review the orientation schedule for newly graduated registered nurses - CORRECT ANSWER ✅ CORRECT ANSWER is: c. Such an activity is within the purview of the executive. By ensuring that systems are in place to disseminate research in both nursing and management, the nurse exectuive helps set expectations for the organization's leadership group." "A staff nurse at a unionized agency reports that overtime pay for an after-duty class requiring mandatory attendance was coded as straight pay instead of time and one half as called for in the union contract. Unit managers certify the type and amount of overtime pay. Appropriate action by the nurse exectuive would be to: a. follow up with the nurse's manager to make certain she or he is familiar with the contractual overtime requirements b. accompany the nurse to the payroll office and tell them to make the adjustment c. request that the nurse file a grievance so that payroll adjustment can occur d. turn the matter over to the personnel department for corrective action. - CORRECT ANSWER ✅ CORRECT ANSWER is: a. Managers are responsible for knowing the legalities and contract requirements regaridng overtime. By encouraging the manager to become more familiar with the contract, the nurse executive helps the manager fulfill her or his responsibilities and adds to the manager's competency."
d. autonomy - CORRECT ANSWER ✅ CORRECT ANSWER is: b. confidentiality HIPAA promises stringent adherance to the principles of confidentiality and includes stiff penalties in the face of violation of its tenets." "In terms of professional ethics, the nurse executive is responsible for ensuring that: a. ethics education programs are provided for the nursing staff on an ongoing basis. b. a nursing ethics committee is convened and meets regularly. c. each nurse is provided with a copy of the Code for Nurses with Interpretive Statements published by the American Nurses Association d. nursing's perspective is represented in the organization's formal mechanisms for addressing ethical dilemmas. - CORRECT ANSWER ✅ CORRECT ANSWER is: d The nurse executive ensures that nursing is well-represented within whatever formal framework the organization has in place to deal with ethical issues. Nursing is generally represented on the organization's multidisciplinary ethics committee. Policies and procedures are in place to guide nurses faced with ethical dilemmas in the course of their practice." "Under Title VII of the Civil Rights Act, the employer: a. is not responsible for discrimination on the part of individual supervisors b. is responsible for discrimination on the part of individual supervisors c. can terminate a supervisor for practices determined to be discriminatory d. can se the individual supervisor to recover monetary loss suffered because of discrimination settlements against the organization because of a supervisor's behavior. - CORRECT ANSWER ✅ CORRECT ANSWER is: b The act stipulates that the employer remains responsible for the acts of its employees." "A physician who performs a procedure upon a patient without proper consent has committed: a. assault b. invasion of privacy c. battery d. false imprisonment - CORRECT ANSWER ✅ CORRECT ANSWER is: c Except in emergency situations, where consent is implied, the prfomrance of a procedure upon a patient without his or her explicit consent, or the explicit consent of his or her agent where indicated, constitutes battery on the part of the practitioner. Battery is defined as "the deliberate touching of another without authorization."" "The major anti-discrimination legislation is the: a. HIll-Burton act b. Fair labor standards act
c. Civil Rights Act of 1964 d. Hospital survey and constuction act - CORRECT ANSWER ✅ CORRECT ANSWER is: c." "The duty to select members of a hospital's medical staff is legally vested in: a. the governing board b. the chief of staff c. the administration d. the executive committee - CORRECT ANSWER ✅ CORRECT ANSWER is: A (the governing board) The responsibility for choosing/appointing members of the medical staff of a given institution rests with the governing board (board of directors) of that organization." "The physician-patient relationship may be established by: a. an expressed or implied contract b. a writen contract, witness and notarized c. consultation or abandonment punitive damages - CORRECT ANSWER ✅ CORRECT ANSWER is: a. The fact that the patients seeks care, or in the case of an emergency, needs care, can be interpreted as an implied contract." "A physician who promises to use a certain procedure in performing an operation and uses a different procedure instead may be liable for: a. negligence b. invasion of privacy c. breach of contract d. libel - CORRECT ANSWER ✅ CORRECT ANSWER is: c. The physician has violated the contract agreed to with the patient, whether or not the alternative procedure is preferable, or more advantageous, to the procedure that the physician contracted to perform." "Carter, a physicain specializing in internal medicine, treated Jones for a broken arm. Should Jones later bring a suit for malpractice, Carter will be held liable to the standard of care required for: a. his specialty b. the specialty in which he was treating Jones c. a general practitioner d. ordinary medical care - CORRECT ANSWER ✅ CORRECT ANSWER is: b. The patient can reasonably expect that his broken bone will be set according to the standards of orthopedic practice. If the internal medicine physician cannot perform to this standard, then