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Alkanes Alkenes Alkynes C3H8 C3H6 C3H4 C4H8 C4H6, Lecture notes of Chemistry

Alkanes. Alkenes. Alkynes. Use the model above to answer the following questions ... contains the most hydrogen atoms per carbon atom (hint: compare all.

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2021/2022

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Honors Chemistry Name _________________________________
I.S.: Organic Compounds Naming Date _______________________Block______
Model 1: Examples of organic molecules:
1. Based on what you see in common between these molecules, which element do you think is
always found in an organic molecule? ______________________
2. A hydrocarbon is the simplest type of organic molecule. Based on the name, which 2 elements do
you think are found in a hydrocarbon? ________________________________
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Model 2: The 3 Types of Hydrocarbons
Alkanes Alkenes Alkynes
Use the model above to answer the following questions
1. What types of bonds (single, double, triple) are found between carbon atoms in…
a. Alkanes: _____________________________________________________________
b. Alkenes: _____________________________________________________________
c. Alkynes: _____________________________________________________________
2. Which type of hydrocarbon contains the most hydrogen atoms per carbon atom (hint: compare all
the 3 carbon molecules in the first row)?
Propane
Glucose
Aspirin
C3H8 C3H6 C3H4
C8H18 C8H16 C8H14
C4H8 C4H6
C4H10
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Download Alkanes Alkenes Alkynes C3H8 C3H6 C3H4 C4H8 C4H6 and more Lecture notes Chemistry in PDF only on Docsity!

I.S.: Organic Compounds Naming Date _______________________Block______

Model 1: Examples of organic molecules :

  1. Based on what you see in common between these molecules, which element do you think is

always found in an organic molecule? ______________________

  1. A hydrocarbon is the simplest type of organic molecule. Based on the name, which 2 elements do

you think are found in a hydrocarbon? ________________________________

**Model 2: The 3 Types of Hydrocarbons** ## Alkanes Alkenes Alkynes **Use the model above to answer the following questions** 1. What types of bonds (single, double, triple) are found **between carbon atoms** in… a. Alkanes: _____________________________________________________________ b. Alkenes: _____________________________________________________________ c. Alkynes: _____________________________________________________________ 2. Which type of hydrocarbon contains the **_most hydrogen atoms per carbon atom_** (hint: compare all the 3 carbon molecules in the first row)? **Propane** **Glucose** **Aspirin** ## C 3 H 8 C^3 H^6 C^3 H^4 ## C 8 H 18 C 8 H 16 C 8 H 14 ## C 4 H 8 C 4 H 6 ## C 4 H 10 I.S.: Organic Compounds Naming Date _______________________Block______ 3. **Alkanes** are considered to be **saturated hydrocarbons** while **alkenes and alkynes** are considered to be **unsaturated hydrocarbons.** Using the model as well as your answer to number 2, list 2 characteristics of saturated hydrocarbons and 2 for unsaturated hydrocarbons **Unsaturated Hydrocarbons Saturated Hydrocarbons** ## Model 3: Hydrocarbons and their Names ## Ethane ## C 2 H 6 ## Ethene ## C 2 H 4 ## Ethyne C 2 H 2 **Examine the 3 molecules and their names above.** 1. What do they have in common? 2. What is different? 3. What do you think the “Eth” part of the molecular name tells you? 4. What do you think the “ane” part of the molecular name tells you? 5. What do you think the “ene” part of the molecular name tells you? 6. What do you think the “yne” part of the molecular name tells you? ***Go back and name the molecules on the first page in the table** I.S.: Organic Compounds Naming Date _______________________Block______ **Directions:** Using Table R, circle and name the functional group present in the following organic molecules **Structural Formula Functional Group Present Uses (just FYI)** **Carboxylic acid** Main active ingredient in vinegar Main active ingredient in rubbing alcohol Type of “CFC” Used as propellant, refrigerant Used to preserve tissues Main active ingredient in nail polish remover Can be used as part of starting fluid for gas and diesel engines Found in many types of fruit, has characteristic flavors and sweet smell of banana or apple. Also used as a synthetic fruit flavoring in foods Used in plastics Compound that is naturally produced when animal tissues decompose (after death) *Note: molecules marked with the same shapes are those that may look similar but have different functional groups