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Spring Examinations 2010 / 2011
Exam Code(s) 3BEE Exam(s) Third University Examination in Sports & Exercise Engineering
Module Code(s) EE^334 Module(s) Kinesiology of Human Movement
Paper No. 1
External Examiner(s) Professor G.W. Irwin Internal Examiner(s) Professor G. Ó Laighin
Instructions: Answer any 3 questions from 4, which each carry 20 marks.
Duration 2 hrs
No. of Pages 4 including the cover page Department(s) Electrical & Electronic Engineering
Requirements None
(a) Based on the assumption that the air resistance is negligible, it is suggested that the overall motion characteristic of a long jumper may be analysed by assuming that the centre of gravity of the athlete undergoes a projectile motion (Figure 1).
Figure 1
Consider an athlete who jumps a horizontal distance of 8m. If the athlete was airborne for 1s, calculate the takeoff speed, takeoff angleof the centre of gravity of the athlete and the maximum height of the athlete’s centre of gravity. [10 Marks] (b) The diver illustrated in Figure 2, undergoes both translational and rotational, or general motion. The overall translational motion of the diver can be analysed by observing the trajectory of the diver’s centre of gravity which can be assumed to undergo projectile motion.
Figure 2
Consider a case in which a diver takes off from a diving board located at a height h 0 =10m above the water level and enter the water at a horizontal distance l=5m from the end of the board. If the total time the diver remains in the air is t 2 =2.5s, calculate the speed and angle of takeoff of the diver’s centre of gravity. [10 Marks]
(a) Define the following sensor parameters giving an example of the parameter in each case:
- Range
- Linearity
- Sensitivity
- Bandwidth
- Temperature coeffecient
- Repeatability
- Reproducibility
- Sensor Response [8 Marks]
(b) Explain in detail, using figures, the term Spasticity. The answer should outline the anatomical basis for the condition and indicate how the presence of calf muscle spasticity affects the gait characteristics of a person. [6 Marks] (c) Briefly explain how you would calibrate an integrated accelerometer device. We are going to carry out a calibration on an accelerometer by carrying out a series of measurements under known acceleration conditions. Signals names are assigned to each of these measurements.
Suppose: 0g_Xaccel 1g_Xaccel and -1g_Xaccel
are the voltages recorded from an integrated accelerometer’s X-axis analogue output for X-axis accelerations of: 0g +1g and –1g
Write the equation for acceleration value (in g) corresponding to a voltage reading of V* from the accelerometer X-axis analogue output. [6 Marks] Q.4. (a) Explain the basic principles of FES based correction of hemiplegic drop foot using surface techniques. In the answer refer to the sensing mechanism used, where in the human gait cycle FES is applied and why, the muscles and nerves involved, electrode positioning, the typical stimulus amplitudes, pulse durations and pulse frequencies used, the timing parameters adopted and the different type of stimulation intensity envelopes which can be used. [10 Marks]
(b) What are the difficulties associated with this “neural orthosis”? [5 Marks]
(c) Draw a block diagram of a generic biomedical instrumentation system and explain briefly the function of each component in the system. [5 Marks]
