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AGRICULTURE INDUSTRY 1, Lecture notes of Agricultural engineering

this document explain about Application of Information Technology Regarding Precision Agriculture Increasing Crop Production, Agricultural Process, and Types of Agriculture

Typology: Lecture notes

2020/2021

Available from 01/10/2023

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AGRICULTURE INDUSTRY 1
A. Application of Information Technology Regarding Precision Agriculture Increasing
Crop Production
Information and communication technology in industry 4.0 is currently very flexible so
that it can be applied in any field. One application is in the agricultural sector. Smart
farming, or precision agriculture, is the use of information and communication
technology in agriculture, which is expected to improve the quality and quantity of
agricultural crop production. Smart farming can be done in all agricultural activities, from
the production process to the marketing of agricultural products.
Smart farming leverages technologies such as the Internet of Things (IoT), robotics, and
drones that can be used for land management, monitoring, and marketing. With the
presence of more advanced technology and the application of the right software, the land
management process can be carried out using machines that have been programmed
without a crew. The use of drones equipped with devices to capture images can be used
for land mapping, monitoring disturbances of animals that eat agricultural products, and
monitoring how many plants are ready to harvest.
The final part of the agricultural process at harvest is selling the harvest to consumers or
customers. However, currently, the problem that often occurs is how the harvest can be
easily obtained or found by customers and also how the profits obtained by farmers can
be greater. Therefore, with the development of information technology, these problems
can be solved with a marketing and sales system using an application (Marketplace
Application). This marketing application allows farmers to reach consumers directly, so
they can sell their agricultural products at reasonable prices without intermediaries, who
usually buy agricultural products at very low prices. With this application, it can also cut
the costs of the distribution chain so that the profits to be obtained by farmers can be
greater and market them so that they can easily attract consumers from various regions.
In addition, customers can also get a cheaper selling price because they buy directly from
farmers rather than from intermediaries anymore.
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AGRICULTURE INDUSTRY 1

A. Application of Information Technology Regarding Precision Agriculture Increasing Crop Production Information and communication technology in industry 4.0 is currently very flexible so that it can be applied in any field. One application is in the agricultural sector. Smart farming, or precision agriculture, is the use of information and communication technology in agriculture, which is expected to improve the quality and quantity of agricultural crop production. Smart farming can be done in all agricultural activities, from the production process to the marketing of agricultural products. Smart farming leverages technologies such as the Internet of Things (IoT), robotics, and drones that can be used for land management, monitoring, and marketing. With the presence of more advanced technology and the application of the right software, the land management process can be carried out using machines that have been programmed without a crew. The use of drones equipped with devices to capture images can be used for land mapping, monitoring disturbances of animals that eat agricultural products, and monitoring how many plants are ready to harvest. The final part of the agricultural process at harvest is selling the harvest to consumers or customers. However, currently, the problem that often occurs is how the harvest can be easily obtained or found by customers and also how the profits obtained by farmers can be greater. Therefore, with the development of information technology, these problems can be solved with a marketing and sales system using an application (Marketplace Application). This marketing application allows farmers to reach consumers directly, so they can sell their agricultural products at reasonable prices without intermediaries, who usually buy agricultural products at very low prices. With this application, it can also cut the costs of the distribution chain so that the profits to be obtained by farmers can be greater and market them so that they can easily attract consumers from various regions. In addition, customers can also get a cheaper selling price because they buy directly from farmers rather than from intermediaries anymore.

In addition to marketing applications, there are also entrepreneurial applications in agriculture that can connect investors with farmers who need capital. Capital is very important for farmers to start farming and run their business. Capital is also a major problem faced by many farmers in Indonesia. Not a few rural farmers sell their land because they do not have the capital and move to the city to change professions. Therefore, with current technological developments and the application of the right software, it is hoped that an application can be made that can help connect investors with farmers to support the capital needs of these farmers. B. Agricultural Process Indonesia was initially an agrarian society, meaning that its primary source of income came from farming. Indonesia is heavily dependent on its agricultural land for both its food and its livelihood. All actions connected to farming or growing land for crops, particularly food crops, are considered to be part of agriculture. Smallholder agriculture, plantations, animal husbandry, fisheries, and forestry are some of the ways that agricultural land may be used. Agriculture is the practice of raising food and livestock using the natural resources of plants and animals. Agriculture is acknowledged as a crucial factor in the growth of civilization since it eventually resulted in the construction of networks for the distribution of food, which were then used to feed the populace. C. Types of Agriculture

1. Rice Fields Rice fields are plots of land that are cultivated and irrigated for planting rice. For the purposes of rice growth, rice fields must be able to support standing water because rice really needs flooding at certain periods of its growth. Rice fields are irrigated through an irrigation system from springs, rivers, and rainwater.

times, Ladang are often converted into greenhouses so that farmers are more comfortable and to give a modern impression. Ladang is also easy to care for and the amount of production is large when compared to the yard system. These farming systems are generally found in sparsely populated areas with unlimited land availability. In general, the crops cultivated in the fields are food crops, such as land rice, corn, or tubers.

3. Moor (Tegalan) The moor is dry land. The topography is sloping. It is never flooded. The irrigation only relies on rainwater. Therefore, the growth of plants on it is very dependent on rainwater. Moor land is difficult to irrigate from irrigation because of the uneven surface. During the dry season, the land will be dry and difficult for agricultural crops to grow. The moor is essentially a form of agroforestry found in rural areas. Agroforestry is a system of land use or it can also be called farming with a combination of woody plants and agricultural crops to increase economic and environmental benefits. The moor has made a significant contribution to improving the economy of the community, especially those around rural areas with dry soil characteristics. 4. Plantation (perkebunan) A plantation of annual crops, or annual crops managed for plantation crops cultivated on huge tracts of land, is what is meant by the word. Perennial crops take a long time to produce and can be harvested more than once, as opposed to seasonal crops, which can only generate yields once during the course of their life cycle. Farmers who decide to stay in their fields frequently turn to perennial plants as a source of income so that gardens can be planted with a variety of perennials, both identical and mixed.