Download AGR 300 Midterm Exam Questions and Answers: Animal Nutrition and Digestion and more Exams Veterinary in PDF only on Docsity!
AGR 300 MIDTERM EXAM QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE &
ACCURATE ANSWERS
Which of the following is NOT a source of Carbohydrates Sugars Minerals Cellulose Starch -- Correct Answer โโ Minerals True or False: Ruminants can break down lignin as long as they are provided plenty of water. -- Correct Answer โโ False Most feed carbohydrates are monosaccharides. -- Correct Answer โโ False Which of the following sugars can be absorbed into the body? Monosaccharides Disaccharides Oligosaccharides Polysaccharides -- Correct Answer โโ Monosaccharides Match the disaccharides on the left with their monosaccharide components on the right. Lactose -- Correct Answer โโ Glucose & Galactose Match the disaccharides on the left with their monosaccharide components on the right. Sucrose -- Correct Answer โโ Glucose & Fructose Match the disaccharides on the left with their monosaccharide components on the right.
Maltose -- Correct Answer โโ Glucose & Glucose In ruminant animals, most carbohydrates are fermented in the _________________. Abomasum Rumen Small intestine intestine -- Correct Answer โโ Rumen ......fill in.....bacteria are predominate in the digestive systems animals fed diets consisting of roughages, while bacteria are ......fill in.....predominate in animals fed diets consisting of more grains and concentrates. (Spelling counts on this question) -- Correct Answer โโ Cellulolytic Amylolytic True or False: Cellulose takes longer to ferment than simple sugars. -- Correct Answer โโ True As rumen pH decreases, cellulolytic bacteria become more active. -- Correct Answer โโ False One glucose molecule can be fermented into one of three volatile fatty acids (VFA) with varying degrees of efficiency. Match the VFA on the left with the by-products (waste) that come along with its formation. Acetic Acid -- Correct Answer โโ Carbon Dioxide, Methane, and heat One glucose molecule can be fermented into one of three volatile fatty acids (VFA) with varying degrees of efficiency. Match the VFA on the left with the by-products (waste) that come along with its formation. Propionic Acid -- Correct Answer โโ water
Cattle -- Correct Answer โโ roughage grass grazers Which of the following is NOT a function of mastication (chewing) in carnivores? increase surface area reduce particle size allow enzymes to act on food molecules All of the above are functions of chewing in carnivores None of the above are functions of chewing in carnivores -- Correct Answer โโ increase surface area True or False: Ruminants may chew a particle of feed up to 50,000 times a day. -- Correct Answer โโ True True or False: Ruminant animals have a highly developed set of upper incisors. -- Correct Answer โโ False Match the types of teeth below with their function. Molars -- Correct Answer โโ grinding and crushing Match the types of teeth below with their function. Canines -- Correct Answer โโ Tearing Match the types of teeth below with their function. Incisors -- Correct Answer โโ Ripping and/or nipping Match the following jaw muscles with their purpose. Masseter & Medial Pterygoid -- Correct Answer โโ force of general crushing and grinding Match the following jaw muscles with their purpose.
Lateral Pterygoid -- Correct Answer โโ lateral movements in herbivores Match the following jaw muscles with their purpose. Temporalis Muscle -- Correct Answer โโ maximum force in anterior jaw The quantity of saliva produced by an animal is directly related to its level of ___________ activity. -- Correct Answer โโ chewing True or False: Most horses have difficulty belching out gasses. -- Correct Answer โโ True Which of the following is NOT a function of saliva? Digest starches Digest lipids Moisten Feed Denature Protein Aid in Swallowing All of the above are functions of saliva None of the above are functions of saliva -- Correct Answer โโ Denature Protein Deglutition (swallowing) is initiated by the presence of food in the ___________. -- Correct Answer โโ pharynx True or False: Dogs have minimal control over food movement in their esophagus. -- Correct Answer โโ false A ruminant esophagus has striated muscles in its __________________. First 1/ First 2/ Last 1/ Entire length -- Correct Answer โโ Entire length The lowest portion of a birds esophagus is the _________________.
Gastrin Secretin Cholecystokinin Gastric Inhibitory Protein All of the above originate in the duodenum None of the above originate in the duodenum -- Correct Answer โโ Gastrin Development of rumen papilla is spurred by what two fatty acids? Butyric & Acetic Acid Acetic & Propionic Acid Butyric & Propionic Acid Acetic & Hydrochloric Acid None of the Above -- Correct Answer โโ Butyric & Propionic Acid What two gasses are primarily produced and belched out during the rumination process? Carbon Dioxide & Methane Carbon Dioxide & Carbon Monoxide Methane & Carbon Monoxide Carbon Monoxide & Nitrogen None of the Above -- Correct Answer โโ Carbon Dioxide & Methane What Volatile Fatty Acid (VFA) is most prevalent in the rumen? Acetate Butyrate Omega- 3 Propionate None of the Above -- Correct Answer โโ Acetate Which of the following can occur when a ruminant animal suffers rumen acidosis? Laminitis Decreased Milk Production
Reduced availability of protein Reduced Availability of energy All of the Above None of the Above -- Correct Answer โโ All of the Above True or False: Most mineral absorption occurs in the rumen. -- Correct Answer โโ False Which of the following is NOT a region of the abomasum? Anterior Cardiac Fundic Pyloric All of the above are regions of the abomasum -- Correct Answer โโ Anterior Which of the following organs serves as the primary absorption site for most nutrients? Rumen Large Intestine Pancreas Small Intestine None of the Above -- Correct Answer โโ Small Intestine True or False: Absorption in the small intestine occurs relatively quickly. -- Correct Answer โโ true Nutrients can be absorbed by which of the following mechanisms? Active Transport Facilitated Diffusion Passive Diffusion Endocytosis All of the Above None of the Above -- Correct Answer โโ All of the Above
The organ that shunts milk directly to the omasum in young ruminant animals is called the _________________. Abomasum Reticulum Esophageal Shunt Reticular Groove None of the Above -- Correct Answer โโ Reticular Groove The (fill in) is the largest stomach compartment in adult ruminant animals, while the (fill in) is the largest stomach compartment in newborn ruminant animals. -- Correct Answer โโ 1. Rumen
- abomasum True or False: The gut function of a newborn ruminant animal is similar to that of an adult monogastric animal. -- Correct Answer โโ True Which of the following is a characteristic of Rumen By-pass? Rumen By-pass allows for more efficient use of protein Rumen By-pass eliminates energy loss from methane Rumen By-pass reduces energy loss from heat Rumen By-pass reduces ammonia loss All of the above are true about Rumen By-pass None of the above are true about Rumen By-pass -- Correct Answer โโ All of the above are true about Rumen By-pass True or False: Intestinal sucrase is an enzyme that digests carbohydrates in ruminant animals. -- Correct Answer โโ false Bacterial microbes are introduced to the rumen in all of the following ways EXCEPT: Bedding Feed Present at Birth
Animal-to-Animal Contact All of the above lead to bacteria in the rumen -- Correct Answer โโ Present at Birth True or False: A ruminant can survive indefinitely without a functional rumen as long as it is not fed roughages. -- Correct Answer โโ false Match the four steps of rumination with their definitions regurgitation -- Correct Answer โโ using reverse peristalsis to return food to the mouth Match the four steps of rumination with their definitions remastication -- Correct Answer โโ reviewing the food bolus in the mouth Match the four steps of rumination with their definitions Reinsalvation -- Correct Answer โโ adding more salvia to the food bolus Match the four steps of rumination with their definitions Redeglutition -- Correct Answer โโ re-swallowing the food bolus and liquids Ruminant animals spend about a third of their day eating and a third of their day ruminating. -- Correct Answer โโ true What are the two most prevalent gasses in the rumen? Oxygen & Hydrogen Carbon Dioxide & Methane Nitrogen & Oxygen Methane & Hydrogen Sulfide None of the Above -- Correct Answer โโ Carbon Dioxide & Methane Microbes provide all of the following benefits to the ruminant EXCEPT:
Match the type of feed carbohydrates below with the description of digestibility on the right. Each description may be used more than once. Cellulose -- Correct Answer โโ structural carbohydrates, digested by rumen microbes Match the type of feed carbohydrates below with the description of digestibility on the right. Each description may be used more than once. lignin -- Correct Answer โโ structural carbohydrates, not digestible Match the type of feed carbohydrates below with the description of digestibility on the right. Each description may be used more than once. Hemicellulose -- Correct Answer โโ structural carbohydrates, digested by rumen microbes Match the type of feed carbohydrates below with the description of digestibility on the right. Each description may be used more than once. Soluble sugars -- Correct Answer โโ non-structural carbohydrates, digested by mono- gastric animals and rumen animals
