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Aerospace Terms and Concepts: A Glossary for Aviation Enthusiasts, Exams of Aviation

A comprehensive glossary of aerospace terms and concepts, covering topics such as satellites, space exploration, aircraft engines, and aviation principles. It is a valuable resource for students and enthusiasts interested in learning about the fundamentals of aerospace technology. The glossary includes definitions of key terms, explanations of important concepts, and historical references to significant figures and events in aerospace history.

Typology: Exams

2024/2025

Available from 12/29/2024

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Civil Air Patrol CAP Mitchell Award
Aerospace Terms 100% Correct
satellite ✔✔natural or artificial object in space that orbits the Earth
orbit ✔✔the path a satellite takes around a celestial body
apogee ✔✔the highest point of an orbit
perigee ✔✔the lowest point of an orbit
Sputnik ✔✔the first artificial satellite
COMSTAT ✔✔communications satellites
INTELSAT ✔✔International Telecommunications Satellite Organization
NAVSTAR ✔✔navigation satellites
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Civil Air Patrol CAP Mitchell Award

Aerospace Terms 100% Correct

satellite ✔✔natural or artificial object in space that orbits the Earth

orbit ✔✔the path a satellite takes around a celestial body

apogee ✔✔the highest point of an orbit

perigee ✔✔the lowest point of an orbit

Sputnik ✔✔the first artificial satellite

COMSTAT ✔✔communications satellites

INTELSAT ✔✔International Telecommunications Satellite Organization

NAVSTAR ✔✔navigation satellites

LANDSAT ✔✔satellites that locate natural resources and monitor conditions on the Earth's surface

GOES ✔✔Geostationary Operations Environmental Satellites

Johannes Kepler ✔✔discovered satellites orbiting around Jupiter in the 1600's

Kepler's First Law ✔✔the orbit of each planet is an ellipse, with the Sun at the focus

Mercury ✔✔US' first manned spaceflight project

Gemini ✔✔US' manned spaceflight project that achieved the first walk in space and the first two-man capsule

Apollo ✔✔US' manned spaceflight project that put man on the Moon

Skylab ✔✔US' manned spaceflight project that put a laboratory into space; first US space station

black hole ✔✔a region in space where no radiation is emitted

cislunar space ✔✔the space between the earth and the moon

constellation ✔✔a grouping of stars, named after mythical figures and animals

galaxy ✔✔an enormous collection of stars arranged in a particular shape

interplanetary space ✔✔measured from the center of the sun to the orbit of its outermost planet

interstellar space ✔✔the distance from one solar system to another

microgravity ✔✔small gravity levels or low gravity

nebulae ✔✔giant could of dust and gas

pulsar ✔✔pulsating star that flashes electromagnetic emissions in a set pattern

space ✔✔region beyond the earth's atmosphere where there is very little molecular activity

star ✔✔a body of hot gases

universe ✔✔everything is part of the universe; stars, planets, galaxies, animals, plants, and humans

Van Allen belts ✔✔radiation belts filed with charged particles

Stars are made of... ✔✔90% hydrogen and 10% helium

solar system ✔✔the sun and the bodies that orbit around it

comet ✔✔a small icy body orbiting the sun

asteroid ✔✔a small rocky body orbiting the sun; usually found in the asteroid belt

Jupiter ✔✔largest planet in our solar system; the planet with the most moons

Saturn has... ✔✔RINGS!!!

Neptune ✔✔the windy planet

Pluto ✔✔the smallest planet

powerplant ✔✔a term which applies to the airplane's engine and its accessories

reciprocating ✔✔a type of engine that processes air and fuel by a back and forth movement of its internal parts

cycle ✔✔a recurring series of events. The airplane engine has four cycles: intake, compression, power, and exhaust

combustion ✔✔the chemical process of burning

combustion chamber ✔✔an enclosed container in which fuel and air are burned for the production of energy

stroke ✔✔in the example of an airplane engine, it is the movement of the piston, within the combustion chamber to its limits

compression ✔✔the act of making a given volume of gas smaller

stoichiometric ✔✔a ratio of fuel to air in which, upon combustion, all of the fuel is burned.

fuel ✔✔a chemical substance which is used as a source of energy

meter/metering ✔✔the process of allowing a precise amount of fuel to pass

How many moving parts do jet engines have? ✔✔ONE!

carburetor ✔✔uses Bernoulli's principle

A "*" above an airport symbol means: ✔✔the airport has a rotating beacon in operation from sunset to sunrise

air ✔✔79% nitrogen, 19% oxygen, 2% other gasses

Bernoulli's Principle ✔✔The pressure of a fluid, when accelerated, increases

motion about the longitudinal axis ✔✔roll

motion about the lateral axis ✔✔pitch

motion about the vertical axis ✔✔yaw

Fowler Flaps cause... ✔✔wing area to be decreased and camber to be increased

spoilers ✔✔devices located on the wings that disrupt the airflow over the wing causing loss of lift

used by glider pilots to execute a landing ✔✔spoilers

buoyancy ✔✔to rise or float on the surface of water or within the atmosphere

gore ✔✔one of several vertical panels that make up the envelope

Montgolfier ✔✔the name of the two French brothers who created the first successful, manned, hot air balloon in 1783

Hydrogen will lift approximately how many pounds per 1000 cubic feet? ✔✔60lbs

For rapid descent, a balloon pilot pulls down on the... ✔✔parachute pull cord

hot air will lift how many pounds per 1000 cubic feet? ✔✔17-20 pounds

Roger Bacon ✔✔increased the range of rockets

Alan Shepard ✔✔first American in space

Sputnik I ✔✔first artificial satellite

Konstantin Tsiolkovsky ✔✔proposed the use of rockets for space exploration

autumnal (fall) equinox ✔✔when the sun's direct rays strike the equator resulting in day and night of equal length, usually on Sep 22 or 23

summer solstice ✔✔when the sun is at its northernmost point from the equator in the northern hemisphere, the day is the longest

vernal (spring) equinox ✔✔when the sun's direct rays strike the equator resulting in day and night of equal length

winter solstice ✔✔when the sun is the farthest south of the equator and the northern hemisphere the day is the shortest

How much radiation from the sun is absorbed by the earth's surface? ✔✔approx. 50%

Beaufort Scale ✔✔a scale used for estimating wind speed on land or sea

aneroid barograph ✔✔gives a permanent record of pressure readings

cA ✔✔continental arctic;

cP ✔✔continental polar

cT ✔✔continental tropical

mT ✔✔maritime tropical

mP ✔✔maritime polar