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NRNP 6552 Advanced Nurse Practice in
Reproductive
Health Care Test Questions and Answers 2024
feminist perspective - correct answersA perspective that acknowledges the
oppressionof women within a patriarchal society that also struggles toward the
eliminationoppression andof sexist the domination of all human
beings.
Alcohol Consumption and
Women
Recommended daily intake limit? Possible Risks? - correct
answersAlcoholhazardous for a iswoman who has either more than 7 drinks per week or
moredrinks than per day. 3 This amount put's women at risk for developing AUD
(AlcoholDependance Disorder). #Alcoholism
Tanner Stages - correct answersA scale used to assess the sexual maturity
and puberty
in both sexes. This scale involves 5 stages that involve development of
breastpublic hairand growth and divides sexual physical maturity that extend from
adolescenceinto adult hood.
Tanner Scale Stage One - correct answersStage one: small nipples no breast,
no pubic hair, no signs of puberty scrotum, testes, and penis are the same
as in childhood
Tanner Scale Stage Two - correct answersStage two: Breasts and nipples
havestarted just to grow, the areola has become larger, breast tissue bud feels firm
behind the nipple, initial growth of pubic hair that is light in color and
not curled.
Initial growth of scrotum and testes. The skin on the scrotum has
becomethinner, andredder, more wrinkled. The penis may have grown a little in
length. Few hairs around the root of the penis. the hairs are straight without curls, and
light in color.
Tanner Scale Stage Three - correct answersStage Three: breasts and
nipples have
grown additionally. The aureola is darker and the breasts tissue buds
havelarger. gotten The public hair is more widespread. The hair is darker, and curls
mayappeared. have
the penis has now grown into length. Scrotum and testes have grown. The
skin of the scrotum has become darker and more wrinkled.
Tanner Scale Stage Four - correct answersNipples and aerolas are elevated
and form an edge towards the breast. The breast has also grown a little larger. More
densehair growth pubic with curls and dark hair. Still not entirely as an adult
womens.
the penis has grown in both length and width. The head of the penis has
becomeThe scrotum larger. and testes have grown more dense curly and dark hair. the
hairreaching growth the is inner
thighs.
Tanner Scale Stage Five - correct answersFully developed breasts.
Nipplesprotruding. are the edge between aerola and breast has disappeared. Adult
hairDense growth.. curly hair extending towards the inner
thighs.
Penis and scrotum as an adult. Public hair extends upwards up to the
umbilicus.dense and It is
curly.
Primary prevention vs. Secondary Prevention vs Tertiary prevention
answersPrimary prevention: Includes preventative measures that come
BEFORE THE
ONSET of a disease, illness, or injury, and BEFORE the disease process
begins.
Examples are, HPV vaccination, Safe sex practices, immunizations, health
education,
and
counseling.
Secondary Prevention: Includes those preventive measures that lead to
earlyand prompt diagnosis treatment of disease, illness, or injury. Examples are, Pap
smears,testing, HPVHIV testing, syphilis testing. routine lab screening for early
detectiondisease. of
Tertiary Prevention : Limits the ability and promotes rehab from clinical
disease states. (Disease and illness is already here).
U.S. Preventive Task Force
Who are they? What do they do? what do they recommend? - correct
answersTheyan independent are volunteer panel or national experts in disease prevention
andbased evidence-
medicine. They work to improve the health of all Americans by making
evidence-basedrecommendations about clinical preventive services.
American College of Obstetrics and Gynecologists recommendations
- answersMembership correct organization dedicated to the advancement of
women's health care and the professional and socioeconomic interests of its
memberscontinuing through medical education , practice, research, and advocacy.
Preventable causes of death for women - correct answersThe leading
causes of death in women in the U.S. are related to modifiable, behavioral
risk factors.
Smokin
gObesit
yHigh Blood
Pressure
Women's Health
Statistics
Cultural Perspective of Women - correct answersTo create a culture in
health care
settings where providers must educate themselves about the health
needs and
concerns of the population and create environments that are
welcoming,
nonthreatening, and normalized to people of ALL gender, identities,
and sexual
orientation
s.
World Health Organization (WHO): Who are they and what do they do?
answersThey are a world health org that plays an essential role in
thegovernance global of health and disease. They establish, monitor, and enforce
internationalnorms and
standards.
They define health as a " state of complete physical, mental, and social
well-beingnot just the and absence of disease or infirmity". ** Definition of Infirmity means
physical or mental
weakness****
HIV Screening Recommendations - correct answersThe CDC
recommendsscreening as aHIV routine part of clinical care for patients ages 13-64 in ALL
health care settings. Patients who present for STI treatments should be screen for HIV at
each visit.
Screening Guidelines for IPV (Intimate Partner Violence). - correct answersAll
women of childbearing ages 14-46 should be screened for IPV.
Factors that put women at risk for IPV - correct answersPregnancy,
historydepression, of low self-esteem, poverty, unemployment, controlling
partner, and community or family with male dominant
forms.
Definition of rape - correct answersThere is still no clinical definition of
sexualrape that assault has gained or acceptance. clinicians should become familiar with
theirdefinitions states and corresponding
laws.
The revised UCR definition of rape is: Penetration, no matter how slight, of
theanus vagina with any or body part or object, or oral penetration by a sex organ of
anotherwithout theperson, consent of the
victim.
Genital Trauma and Rape Statistics - correct answers1 in 5 women have
been raped at
one point in there
life.Victims of rape are less likely to report their perpetrator if they know
the80% person of assaults are either a former partner, friend, family, member or
acquaintance
Evidentiary Examination of a Rape Victim - correct answersA evidentiary
collection kit should be used and instructions on how to collect, preserve,
seal, and store samples should be followed. Collection should be done
AFTER inspection of the area and prior
to palpitation or physical manipulation of the area. STD possibility should
beprophylactically treated even if tested negative, pregnancy test should be given and
emergency contraception may be given up to 120 HOURS OF THE ASSAULT (A SINGLE
DOSEOF LEVONORGESTREL (PLAN B) 1.
MG.
What does the Pneumonic EMPOWER stand for? - correct answersIt is
usedintimate for partner violence and
standsEmpathetic for...
listening Making time to properly document
findingsProvide information about domestic
violenceOffering options and
choicesWorking with a domestic abuse
specialistEncouraging the planning for safety and
supportReferring to local services
Gravida Para Abortus system GTPAL - correct answersGravidity= the
numberpregnancie of
s Para= deliveries aka same thing as term; Ex. G2P1 1 abortion LC 1
vaginalTerm: Term birth deliveries (38 weeks or
more)Preterm: deliveries up to 37
weeksAbortus/Miscarriages : Abortion (surgical or
miscarriage)LC=Living
Children
P: Para= number of births of viable
offspring
Healthy People 2020 who they are and why they are important
- answersDevised correct using a framework that focuses on determinants of health
withfocus an on extra social determinants (Personal, social, economic). Healthy people
focus areas include.
Cancer2.
HIV3. LBGQT
health
second definition from the CDC's website on healthy people 2020
objectives
provides science-based, 10-year national objectives for improving the
healthAmericans. of all Healthy People has established benchmarks and monitored
progresstime in order over to encourage collaborations across communities and
sectors; empower individuals toward making informed health decisions; measure impact of
preventionactivitie
s.
American College of Nurse-Midwives (who can they treat?) definition
ofpractice scope - of correct answersprimary care providers throughout the lifespan
with a special emphasis on pregnancy, childbirth, and gynecological
reproductive health.
Hyperandrogenism - correct answersAn endocrin disorder that results in
excessive
levels of androgens ( male sex hormones such as testosterone) in the female
body. S/S
muscular male like body, deepening voice, clitoromegaly, increased iibido,
menstrual
irregularity, HTN, Hyperlipidemia, glucose intolerance, hirsutism (aka dark
course hair in
male like matters on face, chest, back). , alopecia, acanthosis nigricans
(discolored dark
Best way to measure risk is to use a clinical risk assessment tool.
Severalavailable tools to assess are osteoporosis risk, such as OST, ORAI, OSIRIS,
SCORE,FRAX. and
SCREENING
The most commonly used test is central DXA of the hip and lumbar spine
thismeasurement provides of bone mineral density, and most treatment guidelines use
central DXA to define osteoporosis and the treatment threshold to prevent
osteoporoticOther screening fractures. tests include peripheral DXA and quantitative
ultrasound.
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration has approved multiple drug therapies
to reduce osteoporotic fractures, including bisphosphonates, parathyroid hormone,
raloxifene,estrogen. The and choice of therapy should be an individual one based on
theclinical patient's situation and the trade-off between benefits
andOther harms. relevant USPSTF
recommendationsThe USPSTF has made recommendations on interventions to
preventcommunity- fallsdwelling in older adults and the use of vitamin D, calcium, or
combinedsupplementation for the primary prevention of fractures in community-
dwelling adults.
Screening for Cardiovascular Disease - correct answersBlood pressure
screening at
each health care visit and once a year if
lowCholesterol bp. checked every 4-6 years for normal risk if elevated
than yearly BMI yearly at annual well
visitSmoking and physical activity at
eachIf abnormals, visit EKG and stress tests. EKG yearly if
HTN.
Riskolder factors age, male sex, high blood pressure, current smoking, abnormal
lipiddiabetes, levels, obesity, and physical inactivity. Several calculators and models
areto quantify available a person's 10-year risk of CVD events; the USPSTF
recommendsclinicians use thatthe Pooled Cohort Equations to assess
CVD risk.
Treatments
Asymptomatic adults at increased risk of CVD events are usually
treatedcombination with aof diet and exercise modifications, lipid-lowering
medications,hypertension aspirin,management, and interventions to encourage tobacco
cessation.Other relevant USPSTF
recommendations The USPSTF has made recommendations on many factors related to CVD
prevention,including screening for high blood pressure, use of statins, counseling
oncessation, smoking and counseling to promote healthful diet and physical activity. In
addition,USPSTF recommends the low-dose aspirin use in certain persons at increased
riskevent of CVD
s.
Why do we screen for TYPE 2 DIABETES but not TYPE 1? - correct
answersTYPE 1
DIABETES
Screening for type 1 diabetes is not recommended for the following
reasons:typically presentpatients with an acute onset of symptoms, no established
cutoff value is available for antibody tests, no accepted treatment exists for
patientsasymptomatic, who are and no medication is available to prevent the disease
ingenetically persons predisposed to type 1
diabetesTYPE 2 DIABETES
Screening is recommended for type 2 diabetes because reliable tests are
available,lifestyle changes and and medications reduce progression and adverse
sequelaedisease, even of the in persons who are initially asymptomatic.
Diabetes in women (pregnant and nonpregnant) - correct
answers(USPSTF)updated recommendations recently and suggests screening individuals 40 to 70
yearswho are of ageoverweight or obese. Persons with abnormal results should be
referredintensive for behavioral counseling interventions focusing on physical activity
anddiet. a Clinicians healthy should consider screening certain individuals at higher
risk.screening repeat every 3 years and a fasting blood glucose
yearly.
PREGNANT WOMEN-Glucose test is done between 24-28 weeks. The test
mayperformed be earlier if high glucose levels are in the urine or if they had
Gestationalprevious DM in
pregnancies.
CERVICAL CANCER AND SCREENING - correct answersPap-test 21- 65
(cervical cancer
screen)New screening interval was recently updated from annually to once every
threenorm years if
alCo-testing with HPV via PAP every 5 years for ages 30-65.
Colorectal Cancer Screening - correct answersUSPSTF recommends
screening all
adults ages 5-75 years old. Early screening in women if a first degree
relativecolorectal had cancer at a young age. If they have inflammatory bowel
disease,genetics orsuch rare as familial adenomatous polyposis or nonpolypous
Use of the Rectovaginal examination - correct answersperform with the
patient laying in
a supine lithotomy position (lithotomy means with legs up in stirrups). Used
inwho a personhas a retroflexed or retroverted uterus. allows palpitation to depth of
2.5 cm's more
than transvaginal ultrasound. This is very uncomfortablly and usually
omittedvery necessary. unless
Types and Sizes of speculums - correct answersThere are three main types
of cervical
speculum: pediatric, Pederson and Graves. They come in plastic
andThe medal.Pediatric Speculum (smallest most
narrow)Shorter in length, the pediatric speculum is intended for use in patients who
have never had sexual intercourse and therefore have narrower
vaginal canals
4.Weight loss, sweating,
palpitations?..... Hyperthyroidism
5.Easy bruising, tendency to bleed?
think... Coagulopathy
6.Jaundice, history of hepatitis?
Think... Liver disease
7.Hirsutism, acne, acanthosis nigricans,
obesity? Think Polycystic ovary syndrome
8.Postcoital bleeding (spotting or bleeding after intercourse unrelated
to menstrual cycle)? Think...
Cervical dysplasia, endocervical polyps
9.Galactorrhea, headache, visual-field
disturbance?Think Pituitary adenoma
10.Weight loss, excessive exercise,
stress? Think Hypothalamic suppression
11.Thyromegaly, weight gain,
edema? Hypothyroidism
12.Thyroid tenderness, tachycardia, weight loss, velvety
skin? Think... Hyperthyroidism
13.Bruising, jaundice,
hepatomegaly? Think.. Liver disease
- Enlarged uterus?
Pregnancy, leiomyoma, uterine cancer
15.Firm, fixed uterus?
Think Uterine cancer
- Adnexal mass?
Think..
Ovarian tumor, ectopic
pregnancy, cyst
Uterine tenderness, cervical motion
tenderness PID, endometritis
Laboratory tests
Beta-subunit human chorionic
gonadotropin Pregnancy
Complete blood count with platelet count and
coagulation studies Coagulopathy
Liver function tests, prothrombin
time Liver disease
Thyroid-stimulating hormone
Hypothyroidism,
hyperthyroidism
Prolactin
Pituitary adenoma
Blood glucose
Diabetes
mellitus
DHEA-S, free testosterone, 173-hydroxyprogesterone if
hyperandrogenic Ovarian or adrenal tumor
Papanicolaou
smear Cervical
dysplasia
Cervical testing
for infection
Cervicitis,
PIDImaging and tissue
samplingEndometrial biopsy or dilatation and
curettageHyperplasia, atypia, or
adenocarcinoma
Transvaginal ultrasonography
Pregnancy, ovarian or uterine
tumors
Saline-infusion
sonohysterographyIntracavitary lesions, polyps, submucous
fibroids
Hysteroscop
yIntracavitary lesions, polyps, submucous
fibroids
Uterine Adenomyosis - correct answersendometerial glnds within the
myometrium
--> suspect in a multiparous woman who is more than 40 years old
presenting with
menorrhagia (heavy bleeding) and dysmenorrhea (painful cramps), chronic
pelvicThe uterus pain. will be tender to palpation during pelvic exam and the
uterusenlarged. is usually Definitive diagnosis requires histological analysis of a
hysterectomyspecimen, but can diagnose based on transvaginal
ultrasound TX: Hysterectomy or uterine artery embolization (if further children are not
desired)a women or desires if childen she could benefit from hormonal medications
forrelief symptom such as LEVONORGESTREL-RELEASING IUD OR ORAL DIENOGEST
Uterine Fibroids - correct answersMost common pelvic tumor in women
after80% inage AA 50. women, 70% in white women). Fibroids are benign
monoclonalarising from tumorsthe smooth muscle cells of the myometrium described by
theirthe uterus location (submucosal, in intramural, subseroal, cervical).
****Intramural fibroids grow within the muscular uterine wall. Submucosal
fibroidsinto the bulgeuterine cavity. Subserosal fibroids project to the outside of
theSomesubmucosal uterus. or subserosal fibroids may be pedunculated — hanging
frominside a orstalk outside the
uterus.****
S/S: Abnormal uterine bleeding, pelvic pressure and pain, reproductive
dysfunction dx: Transvaginal
ultrasoundTx: Surgery is usually the preferred method if causing extensive pain and
discomfort..
NRNP 6552 Advanced
Nurse Practice in
Reproductive Health
Care Test Questions
and Answers 2024
