Study guide:
Non-diabetic BG ranges:
Hgb A1c below 6.05
pre-meal BG 70-120
post-meal BG less than 180
3 a.m. BG greater than 65
Diagnosis of Diabetes:
Fasting level of 126 mg/dL or greater
Random Level of 200 mg/dL or greater
Post-prandial(meal) 2 hour glucose level of 200 mg/dL or greater
Impaired fasting glucose? – Pre-Diabetes (110-125 mg/dL)
Signs and symptoms of type 1 diabetes
Polyuria, p, p
symptoms of hyperglycemia are Polyuria, polydipsia and unexplained weight loss
Signs and symptoms of type 2 diabetes?
a. Itching
b. Drowsiness
c. Blurred vision
d. May present with the complications of diabetes before they are ever diagnosed with the
condition
e. may have P,P,P
2. Insulins:
a. Rapid
i. Humalog, novolog, apidra – 5 min to 15 min., peak in an hour, work for 2 to 4
hours
1. A food source should be readily available
b. Short-acting
i. Regular
1. 30 min to 2 hours onset, peak in 2 to 4, duration is 4 to 6 hr
c. Intermediate
i. NPH, Lente (lente has a long-action, not used as much any more)
1. 2 to 4 hours, 4 to 10 hr peak, 10 to 16 hour duration
d. Long-acting
i. Glargine/Lantus - - No peak –
onset is 1 hour (Do not mix with
other insulin)
ii. As nurse you need to know the
peak action for each of these,
duration of each. Explain to
