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January 2008
© 2008 Autodesk, Inc. All rights reserved. Except as otherwise permitted by Autodesk, Inc., this publication, or parts thereof, may not be reproduced in any form, by any method, for any purpose. Certain materials included in this publication are reprinted with the permission of the copyright holder.
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Make the Transition from Paper to
CAD
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Lay Out Your Drawing | 5
Lay Out Your Drawing
On paper, a layout is constrained by the sheet size you use. In CAD, you are not limited to one particular layout or sheet size.
When you draft manually, you first select a sheet, which usually includes a preprinted border and title block. Then you determine the location for views—plans, elevations, sections, and details. Finally, you start to draw.
With AutoCAD and AutoCAD LT, you first draw your design, or model, in a working environment called model space. You can then create a layout for that model in an environment called paper space.
A layout represents a drawing sheet. It typically contains a border, title block, dimensions, general notes, and one or more views of the model displayed in layout viewports. Layout viewports are areas, similar to picture frames or windows, through which you can see your model. You scale the views in viewports by zooming in or out.
In this drawing of a cottage, layout viewports display the model in plan and elevation views.
You create your basic design, or model, in a drawing area called model space.
When you’re ready to print, you can arrange different views of your model in a layout.
Organize Drawing Information | 7
Organize Drawing Information
In both manual drafting and CAD, you need a way to organize your drawing content—a method for separating, sorting, and editing specific drawing data.
With manual drafting, you can separate information onto individual transparent overlays. For example, a building plan might contain separate overlays for its structural, electrical, and plumbing components.
With AutoCAD and AutoCAD LT, layers are equivalent to transparent overlays. As with overlays, you can display, edit, and print layers separately or in combination.
You can name layers to help track content, and lock layers so they can't be altered. Assigning settings such as color , linetype , or lineweight to layers helps you comply with industry standards.
You can also use layers to organize drawing objects for plotting. Assigning a plot style to a layer makes all the objects drawn on that layer plot in a similar manner.
This drawing of a press uses layers to define different linetypes and colors.
Turn off layers to hide complex details as you work.
Display layers when you need to see all components.
Draw Efficiently | 11
Draw Efficiently
Draw with less effort and revise with more speed: these are two primary reasons you use CAD. You are provided with a complete set of drawing and editing tools to help eliminate repetitive, time- consuming drafting tasks.
With manual drafting, you use drawing tools that include pencils, scales, compasses, parallel rules, templates, and erasers. Repetitive drawing and editing tasks must be done manually.
In AutoCAD and AutoCAD LT, you can choose from a variety of drawing tools that create lines, circles, spline curves, and more.
You can easily move, copy, offset, rotate, and mirror objects. You can also copy objects between open drawings.
In this drawing of a trolley, copying and mirroring were used to create repeated and symmetrical features. Offsetting was also used to draw parallel lines more efficiently.
You can save drafting time by drawing one half of an item and then mirroring it to create the other half.
Draw Accurately | 13
Draw Accurately
Engineering and architectural drawings require a high degree of accuracy. With CAD, you draft more accurately than with manual methods.
With manual drafting, you must draw objects carefully to ensure correct size and alignment. Objects drawn to scale must be manually verified and dimensioned.
With AutoCAD and AutoCAD LT, you can use several methods to obtain exact dimensions.
The simplest method is to locate points by snapping to an interval on a rectangular grid.
Another method is to specify exact coordinates. Coordinates specify a drawing location by indicating a point along an X and Y axis or a distance and angle from another point.
With object snaps , you can snap to locations on existing objects, such as an endpoint of an arc, the midpoint of a line, or the center point of a circle.
With polar tracking , you can snap to previously set angles and specify distances along those angles.
In this drawing of a pumping station, object snaps were used to ensure that lines connected perfectly. Polar The polar tracking feature tracking was used to draw lines at correct angles. displays visual guidelines at specific angles and can snap the cursor to an angle.
With object snaps, when you place your cursor here…
you can snap to the center point automatically.