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Additional Materials - Human Resource - Lecture Slides, Slides of Human Resource Management

In these Lecture Slides of Human Resource Management, the Lecturer has put emphasis on the following key points : Additional Materials, Paradigms, Beginnings, Computing, Ballistics Calculations, Physical Switches, Paper Tape, Simple Arithmetic, Fixed Calculations, Batch Processing

Typology: Slides

2012/2013

Uploaded on 07/25/2013

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chapter 4
Paradigms
(additional materials)
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chapter 4

Paradigms

(additional materials)

Beginnings – Computing in 1945

  • Harvard Mark I
    • Picture from http://piano.dsi.uminho.pt/museuv/indexmark.htm
  • 55 feet long, 8 feet high, 5 tons

Batch Processing

  • Computer had one task, performed sequentially
  • No “interaction” between operator and computer after starting the run
  • Punch cards, tapes for input
  • Serial operations

People

  • Who are the people associated with

various interactive paradigm shifts?

Innovator: Vannevar Bush

  • “As We May Think” - 1945 Atlantic Monthly
    • “…publication has been extended far beyond our present ability to make real use of the record.”
  • Postulated Memex device
    • Stores all records/articles/communications
    • Items retrieved by indexing, keywords, cross references (now called hyperlinks)
    • (Envisioned as microfilm, not computer)
  • Interactive and nonlinear components are key

More About Vannevar Bush

  • Name rhymes with "Beaver"
  • Faculty member MIT
  • Coordinated WWII effort with

6000 US scientists

  • Social contract for science
    • federal government funds universities
    • universities do basic research
    • research helps economy & national defense

Innovator: Ivan Sutherland

  • SketchPad - 1963 PhD thesis at MIT
    • Hierarchy - pictures & subpictures
    • Master picture with instances (ie, OOP)
    • Constraints
    • Icons
    • Copying
    • Light pen input device
    • Recursive operations

Innovator: Douglas Englebart

  • Landmark system/demo:
    • hierarchical hypertext, multimedia, mouse, high-res display, windows, shared files, electronic messaging, CSCW, teleconferencing, ...

Inventor of mouse

Innovator: Alan Kay

  • Dynabook - Notebook sized computer loaded with multimedia and can store everything
  • @PARC
  • Personal computing
  • Desktop interface
  • Overlapping windows

Innovator: Ben Shneiderman

  • Coins and explores notion of direct

manipulation of interface

  • Long-time Director of

HCI Lab at Maryland

Innovator: Nicholas Negroponte

  • MIT Architecture Machine Group
    • ’69-’80s - prior to Media Lab
  • Ideas
    • wall-sized displays, video disks, AI in interfaces (agents), speech recognition, multimedia with hypertext
    • Put That There (Video)

Innovator: Mark Weiser

  • Introduced notion of Ubiquitous

Computing and Calm Technology

  • It’s everywhere, but recedes quietly into background
  • CTO of Xerox PARC