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What is the purpose of ambulatory assistive
devices?
to provide external support for the MSK system TERM 2
Major indications for use of AAD's?
DEFINITION 2 decreased ability to bear weight through LE's muscle weakness or paralysis inadequate balance TERM 3
What is usually the first step in teaching
principles for a new motor skill?
DEFINITION 3 parallel bars TERM 4
Types of Crutches
DEFINITION 4 axillary crutches upper arm crutches forearm crutches platform crutches rolling knee crutch TERM 5
Types of Walkers
DEFINITION 5 standard walker reciprocal walker rolling walker rollator walkers three-wheel rollator
Types of Canes
Standard cane off-set cane quad canes hemi-walker TERM 7
Axillary crutches (construction, adv/disadv,
ind.)
DEFINITION 7 construction: metal or wood, adjustable or notadv: lateral stability, inexpensive, fits stairsdis.: cumbersome, tendency to exert axillary pressure and need coordination to useind.: good (4/5 to 5/5) upper limb strength TERM 8
Upper arm crutches (construction, adv/disadv,
ind.)
DEFINITION 8 construction: metal or wood, adjustable or notadv.: aids weak elbow extensors, fits stairsdis.: somewhat cumbersome, cuffs difficult to removeind.: weak elbow extensors TERM 9
Upper arm crutches are also called
what?
DEFINITION 9 tricepseverettcaliforniawarm springs TERM 10
forearm crutches (construction, adv/disadv,
ind.)
DEFINITION 10 construction: metal, adjustable or notadv.: handgrip in addition to cuff gives more support than standard cane, may release grip without dropping crutch, less cumbersome than axillary or upper arm crutchesdis.: Cuffs difficult to remove, expensiveindications: used with good to normal upper limb strength
standard walker also known as?
pick-up TERM 17
reciprocal walker (construction, adv/disadv,
ind.)
DEFINITION 17 construction: metal, folding or notadv.: Allows for a two-point gait, provides stability and allows for weight-bearing on walker at all timesdis: Requires use of both hands, no stairs, not very stableindication: bilateral lower extremity weakness and or pain, balance problems TERM 18
rolling walker (construction, adv/disadv, ind.)
DEFINITION 18 construction: metal, folding or notadvantages: Provides stability, less energy required to use since not lifteddis: Requires use of both hands, no stairs, can slip away if no brakesindications:bilateral lower extremity weakness, slight balance problems, cardiovascular endurance TERM 19
rolling walker also known as?
DEFINITION 19 wheeled walker TERM 20
rollator walker (construction, adv/disadv, ind.)
DEFINITION 20 construction: metal, folding or not, large wheelsadv.: Provides greatest stability with a seat if needed, goes over uneven terrain easilydis: Requires use of both hands, no stairsindications:lower extremity weakness, slight balance problems, fear of falling
rollator walker also known as?
large wheel walkerseated walker TERM 22
three-wheeled rollator walker (construction,
adv/disadv, ind.)
DEFINITION 22 construction: metal, folding or notadv.: provides greatest stabilitydis.:Requires use of both hands, does not fit through all areas, questionable stair-climbingindications: bilateral lower extremity weakness, slight balance problems TERM 23
standard cane (construction, adv/disadv, ind.
DEFINITION 23 construction: metal or wood, adjustable or not, variety of handle shapesadv.: inexpensive, fits stairsdis: Single point of support, small base of support, off-loads only 15% of body weight (need 85% wt bearing on both LE's to use)indications:Pain on weight-bearing, swaying or shifts of trunk, slight balance problems TERM 24
standard cane also known as?
DEFINITION 24 crook handle TERM 25
off-set cane (construction, adv/disadv, ind.
DEFINITION 25 construction: metal or wood, adjustable or not, variety of handle shapesadv.: inexpensive, fits stairs, handle puts support under hand/armdis.: Single point of support, small base of support, off-loads only 15% of body weightindications:Pain on weight-bearing, swaying or shifts of trunk, slight balance problems
What is the goal of an ambulation aid?
to allow the patient mobility with safety. TERM 32
How to fit crutches?
DEFINITION 32 The top of the crutches should be at least two finger widths deep from the armpit (make sure the shoulders are relaxed). When the arm is hanging straight down, the hand piece should be at the level of the wrist Elbows flexed 20-30 degrees TERM 33
When fitting crutches, what should you not
do?
DEFINITION 33 Do not allow the top of the crutch to push up into the armpit. It is possible to damage nerves and blood vessels with constant pressure. TERM 34
Important points about crutches
DEFINITION 34 Crutches bottom needs to be cleaned off everyday Make sure nuts/bolts secure Remove throw rugs, unstable furniture Escape plan for fire in house TERM 35
How to fit a
walker?
DEFINITION 35 Walker handles at level of greater trochanter Elbows flexed 20-30 degrees The best rule is the handles should be at the level of the center of gravity of the person.
exceptions for fitting a walker
If the patient lifts the walker with the trunk, you may need it shorter to prevent a backward fall If the patient has a long trunk, the walker may need to higher TERM 37
How to fit a cane?
DEFINITION 37 cane handles at level of greater trochanter Elbows flexed 20-30 degrees The best rule is the handles should be at the level of the center of gravity of the person.
